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open data","City of Mesa public permit records","City of Minneapolis construction permits (CCS) open data","City of Papillion public permit records","City of Phoenix public permit records","City of Red Oak public permit records","City of Reno public permit records","City of San Antonio public permit records","City of Statesboro, Georgia","City of Temple, Texas","Clearfield City Council (Utah Public Notice Website)","Colorado Newsline","Colorado Public Radio","Congress.gov (Library of Congress, public domain)","ConstructConnect News","Construction Dive","CourtListener DataCenter Dockets","CourtListener Opinions","Data Center Dynamics","Data Center Dynamics news","DataCenterTracker.org, CC BY 4.0","Dominion Energy Virginia","EIN News","East Bay Insiders Newsletter","Energy Central","FOX19 | Cincinnati","FOX5 Vegas","FOX6 News Milwaukee","Facilities Dive","Fairfax County public permit records","Florida Phoenix","Georgia Department of Community Affairs","Georgia EPD air permit records","Georgia Recorder","GovTech","Greensboro News and Record","Grist","Idaho Capital Sun","Illinois EPA air permit records","Indiana Capital Chronicle","Indiana Department of Environmental Management","Indiana IDEM air permit records","InkFreeNews.com","Iowa Capital Dispatch","Iowa DNR air permit records","KERA News","KEYC News Now","KGW","KRON4","Kansas City MO city issued permits open data","Kansas Reflector","Kentucky Lantern","Law360","Law360 Energy","LegiScan (legiscan.com) and the state legislature","Lehigh Valley Planning Commission","Local News Matters","Loudoun County public permit records","Loudoun Times-Mirror","Louisiana DEQ air permit records","Louisiana Illuminator","Maine Morning Star","Maricopa County Air Quality Department air permit records","Maricopa County public permit records","Maryland Matters","Mecklenburg County public permit records","Michigan Advance","Mid Bay News","Missouri Independent","Montana Free Press","NBC Bay Area","NBC4 Washington","NC Newsline","Native News Online","Nebraska Examiner","Nevada Current","Nevada NDEP air permit records","New Hampshire Bulletin","New Mexico Environment Department","North Carolina DEQ Division of Air Quality air permit records","North Dakota Department of Environmental Quality","North Dakota Monitor","Ohio Capital Journal","Ohio EPA air permit records","Oklahoma DEQ air permit records","Oklahoma Voice","OpenStates v3 (openstates.org), CC BY 4.0","Oregon Capital Chronicle","Orlando Sentinel","Pennsylvania Capital-Star","Pennsylvania Department of Environmental Protection","Pennsylvania Office of Consumer Advocate (filed with PA PUC)","Pioneer Press","Prince William County public permit records","Public Service Commission of Wisconsin","Public record (Legistar Web API, Granicus)","Rhode Island Current","Route Fifty","SEC EDGAR company submissions, public domain","SEC EDGAR full-text search, public domain","Searchlight New Mexico","Smithfield Township, Monroe County, PA","Source New 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(NC)","WUNC News","WVPE","Washington County public permit records","Washington Ecology air permit records","Washington State SEPA Register public permit records","Washington State Standard","Washoe County public permit records","Wausau Pilot & Review","West Virginia Watch","Winston-Salem Journal","Wisconsin Department of Natural Resources","Wisconsin Examiner","Yale Daily News","citybiz","contracosta.news","ictnews.org","indianapublicradio.org","inkfreenews.com","lex18.com","mountaintimesoregon.com","newmedia-wi.com","newscentermaine.com","thegazette.com","tuscaloosathread.com","wcpo.com","www.cities929.com"],"omitted":{"unverified_or_pending":1013,"no_explicit_state":136},"revision":"8bbc0d7f56a15216","trackers":{"policy":{"label":"Policy provisions","url":"#policy-governance"},"moratorium":{"label":"Restrictions & moratoriums","url":"/data-center-moratorium-tracker"},"delay":{"label":"Delays & utility actions","url":"/data-center-delay-tracker"},"water":{"label":"Water measures","url":"/data-center-water-tracker"},"atlas":{"label":"Projects & capital","url":"/data-center-capital-atlas"},"permits":{"label":"Permits & facilities","url":"/data-center-permits-tracker"},"grid":{"label":"Grid operator rules","url":"/data-center-grid-operator-watchlist"}},"selected":{"id":"WI","name":"Wisconsin","records":[{"id":"64a8a522a20cde97","state":"WI","tracker":"atlas","section":"at_risk","title":"American Transmission Co. power line project serving the Port Washington (Lighthouse) campus for Vantage, Oracle and OpenAI","summary":"On 6 August 2026 the three-member Wisconsin PSC voted unanimously to revoke the December 2025 completeness determination for ATC's transmission application and ordered it resubmitted, citing about 564 amendments to route, scope, costs and environmental studies. The commission said the decision did not reject the project but reset review, jeopardizing ATC's late-2027 completion target. ATC refiled on 14 September 2026 with a revised cost of $2.5 billion to $2.7 billion, up from $1.6 billion, and estimated about 17 months of construction after a six- to 12-month approval process. Oracle will pay for most of the project, and ATC said the campus will not be served until the transmission facilities are in service. Research firm Aterio said in a report of 30 September 2026 that the campus could miss Oracle's target of delivering capacity in the second half of 2027 because ATC cannot start building until the PSC approves the refiled application: its base case puts partial grid power in December 2027 and full supply in October 2028, and an extended review could push those to June 2028 and April 2029. This is a third-party estimate, not a regulator or company statement; The Register said Oracle had been asked for comment.","scope":"Record-specific: Public Service Commission of Wisconsin","status":"delayed","date":"Completeness revoked 6 August 2026; application refiled 14 September 2026","sources":[{"url":"https://finance-commerce.com/2026/08/wisconsin-openai-power-line-project/?taid=6a771a50a0e08f000198a151","label":"Finance & Commerce (Milwaukee Journal Sentinel)"},{"url":"https://www.msn.com/en-us/news/other/power-lines-proposal-resubmitted-for-port-washington-data-center/ar-AA2clgPL","label":"Milwaukee Journal Sentinel via MSN"},{"url":"https://constructionreviewonline.com/project-lighthouse-delays-threaten-oracles-2027-wisconsin-data-center-launch/","label":"Construction Review (Aterio analysis)"},{"url":"https://www.theregister.com/on-prem/2026/10/02/power-approval-set-to-delay-oracles-wisconsin-ai-datacenter/5300832","label":"The Register, 2 October 2026"}],"parties":[{"role":"Developer","name":"American Transmission Co. (for Vantage Data Centers, Oracle and OpenAI)"}],"groups":[],"attribution":null,"provenance":"Published SAVRN record; source status retained, not newly reverified here."},{"id":"02595051c7a4181d","state":"WI","tracker":"atlas","section":"at_risk","title":"Ashwaubenon data center moratorium","summary":"Ashwaubenon, Wisconsin, enacted a local data center moratorium or ban, recorded in SAVRN's moratorium tracker as dated January 2026. 12-month moratorium on hyperscale data centers (>100,000 sq ft and >20 MW); Plan Commission voted 7-0. The measure runs to 2 June 2027 and applies at a threshold of 100,000 sq ft.","scope":"Record-specific: Ashwaubenon","status":"moratorium","date":"Enacted January 2026","sources":[{"url":"https://www.nbc26.com/ashwaubenon/ashwaubenon-plan-commission-votes-unanimously-to-pause-hyperscale-data-center-development-for-12-months","label":"nbc26.com"}],"parties":[],"groups":[],"attribution":null,"provenance":"Published SAVRN record; source status retained, not newly reverified here."},{"id":"8f03f8a21b143ec1","state":"WI","tracker":"atlas","section":"at_risk","title":"Bellevue data center moratorium","summary":"The village board voted 5-0 on 12 August 2026 to amend chapter 500 of the village zoning code and block development or construction of data centers for 12 months, expiring in August 2027, to give trustees time to review effects on public health, land use, environmental constraints and general welfare.","scope":"Record-specific: Village of Bellevue, Brown County","status":"moratorium","date":"Adopted 12 August 2026","sources":[{"url":"https://wtaq.com/2026/08/13/bellevue-approves-one-year-ban-on-data-center-development/","label":"WTAQ"},{"url":"https://www.nbc26.com/bellevue/village-of-bellevue-bans-data-center-development-for-12-months","label":"NBC 26"},{"url":"https://fox11online.com/news/local/bellevue-board-approves-year-long-ban-on-data-center-development-flietner-moratorium-trustees-vote-residents-crowley-tiffany-wrightstown-jet-power-grid-water","label":"FOX 11"}],"parties":[],"groups":[],"attribution":null,"provenance":"Published SAVRN record; source status retained, not newly reverified here."},{"id":"fb0fd19360878fe0","state":"WI","tracker":"atlas","section":"at_risk","title":"Brookfield project","summary":"Cancelled","scope":"Record-specific: Brookfield","status":"cancelled","date":"2025","sources":[{"url":"https://michaelbommarito.com/wiki/datacenters/risks/cancellations/","label":"Bommarito"}],"parties":[],"groups":[],"attribution":null,"provenance":"Published SAVRN record; source status retained, not newly reverified here."},{"id":"a26dcc805bdbf6eb","state":"WI","tracker":"atlas","section":"at_risk","title":"Caledonia campus","summary":"Zoning denied Apr 2025; Microsoft withdrew Sep 2025","scope":"Record-specific: Racine County","status":"withdrawn","date":"2025; $4.0B marked as estimate in source","sources":[{"url":"https://michaelbommarito.com/wiki/datacenters/risks/cancellations/","label":"Bommarito"}],"parties":[{"role":"Developer","name":"Microsoft"}],"groups":[],"attribution":null,"provenance":"Published SAVRN record; source status retained, not newly reverified here."},{"id":"fb404a402f24f23d","state":"WI","tracker":"atlas","section":"at_risk","title":"Chippewa County data center moratorium","summary":"Chippewa County, Wisconsin, enacted a local data center moratorium or ban, recorded in SAVRN's moratorium tracker as dated August 2026. 12-month moratorium, 19-0, first and second readings the same night (extended from the 10 months committee proposed). Applies only to the six towns under county zoning, Anson, Eagle Point, Hallie, Lafayette, Wheaton, Woodmohr. Coverage puts the effective date in September without naming it, so the end date is not derivable. The measure has a stated duration whose end date is not recorded.","scope":"Record-specific: Chippewa County","status":"moratorium","date":"Enacted August 2026","sources":[{"url":"http://www.leadertelegram.com/news/daily-updates/chippewa-county-board-approves-data-center-moratorium/article_91eb4e5d-9858-41ec-b515-d5d3fc97b747.html","label":"leadertelegram.com"}],"parties":[],"groups":[],"attribution":null,"provenance":"Published SAVRN record; source status retained, not newly reverified here."},{"id":"03ee48dca9c39702","state":"WI","tracker":"atlas","section":"at_risk","title":"DC Rapids former paper mill data center","summary":"The Wisconsin Rapids Plan Commission voted 7-0 on 16 September 2026 to recommend that the Common Council deny DC Rapids LLC's conditional use and site review applications to redevelop the former paper mill site as a data center. Staff identified 33 shortcomings, including missing electric utility approval, employment and shift projections and construction traffic details. The recommendation goes to the Common Council, reported for 20 October 2026, and the company may reapply. The city is separately drafting a data center moratorium. This is a recommendation, not a final denial.","scope":"Record-specific: City of Wisconsin Rapids","status":"other","date":"Denial recommended 7-0 on 16 September 2026; Common Council action pending","sources":[{"url":"https://www.wsaw.com/2026/09/17/planning-commission-votes-recommend-denial-data-center-permit/","label":"WSAW"},{"url":"https://wsau.com/2026/09/16/wisconsin-rapids-plan-commission-rejects-permit-for-data-center/","label":"WSAU"}],"parties":[{"role":"Developer","name":"DC Rapids LLC"}],"groups":[],"attribution":null,"provenance":"Published SAVRN record; source status retained, not newly reverified here."},{"id":"3772db4a4434e85f","state":"WI","tracker":"atlas","section":"at_risk","title":"Dane County 18-month pause on hyperscale data center permits","summary":"On Thursday 4 June 2026 the Dane County Board of Supervisors approved Sub 1 to 2026 RES-039, which bars receiving applications for or granting zoning permits for hyperscale data centers for 18 months. The Zoning and Land Regulation Committee had narrowed the measure to hyperscale facilities. The county will use the time to write zoning regulations.","scope":"Record-specific: Dane County Board of Supervisors","status":"moratorium","date":"Approved 4 June 2026; 18 months","sources":[{"url":"https://danecounty.gov/PressDetail/11898","label":"Dane County Board of Supervisors"}],"parties":[{"role":"Developer","name":"n.a."}],"groups":[],"attribution":null,"provenance":"Published SAVRN record; source status retained, not newly reverified here."},{"id":"7072f0809def3a12","state":"WI","tracker":"atlas","section":"at_risk","title":"Dodge County 18-month data center moratorium","summary":"Dodge County supervisors voted 29-2 in June 2026 to adopt an 18-month moratorium on new data centers while ordinance guidelines are developed. The action followed resident complaints tied to construction of Meta's $1 billion, 700,000-square-foot data center in Beaver Dam Commerce Park, including dried creeks and wells. The Meta project is expected online in 2027. The June 2026 vote was an advisory resolution, not a moratorium, according to County Administrator Cameron Clapper; after a Land Resources and Parks Committee recommendation and public hearing, the Board of Supervisors approved the 18-month moratorium ordinance on Tuesday 18 August 2026, covering unincorporated areas in the 13 towns under county zoning.","scope":"Record-specific: Dodge County Board of Supervisors","status":"moratorium","date":"Advisory resolution 29-2 in June 2026; 18-month moratorium ordinance approved 18 August 2026","sources":[{"url":"http://www.wdtimes.com/news/local/permits-dont-equal-protection-dodge-county-supervisors-pass-moratorium-on-data-centers/article_00ffa50e-7a96-4598-b676-94c2165d643d.html","label":"Watertown Daily Times"},{"url":"https://dailydodge.com/dodge-county-board-of-supervisors-votes-to-approve-data-center-moratorium/","label":"Daily Dodge"},{"url":"https://wiscnews.com/news/community/bdc/article_cf741c94-19d3-4982-af77-969e092233c9.html","label":"WiscNews"},{"url":"https://dailydodge.com/dodge-county-data-center-vote-was-advisory-not-a-moratorium/","label":"Daily Dodge"}],"parties":[{"role":"Developer","name":"Meta (Beaver Dam project referenced)"}],"groups":[],"attribution":null,"provenance":"Published SAVRN record; source status retained, not newly reverified here."},{"id":"9dcc7db83c94ea45","state":"WI","tracker":"atlas","section":"at_risk","title":"Door County data center moratorium","summary":"Door County, Wisconsin, enacted a local data center moratorium or ban, recorded in SAVRN's moratorium tracker as dated January 2026. 1-year moratorium on data centers and battery energy storage in unincorporated areas; board retains option to extend. The measure runs to 26 May 2027.","scope":"Record-specific: Door County","status":"moratorium","date":"Enacted January 2026","sources":[{"url":"https://wisconsinwatch.org/2026/04/latest-wisconsin-data-center-news-you-might-have-missed/","label":"wisconsinwatch.org"}],"parties":[],"groups":[],"attribution":null,"provenance":"Published SAVRN record; source status retained, not newly reverified here."},{"id":"817e2196c7fd9fbf","state":"WI","tracker":"atlas","section":"at_risk","title":"Grant County data center moratorium","summary":"Grant County, Wisconsin, enacted a local data center moratorium or ban, recorded in SAVRN's moratorium tracker as dated January 2026. Board of Supervisors voted 15-0 for 12-month moratorium on hyperscale data center zoning permits in unincorporated areas. Related to collapsed $1B data center proposal. The measure runs to 18 June 2027.","scope":"Record-specific: Grant County","status":"moratorium","date":"Enacted January 2026","sources":[{"url":"https://www.telegraphherald.com/news/tri-state/article_3404fac2-9efe-4bd9-82a0-4bafd5193038.html","label":"telegraphherald.com"}],"parties":[],"groups":[],"attribution":null,"provenance":"Published SAVRN record; source status retained, not newly reverified here."},{"id":"80332609f89719ea","state":"WI","tracker":"atlas","section":"at_risk","title":"Janesville 12-month data center moratorium","summary":"The Janesville City Council voted unanimously on Monday 28 September 2026 to approve a 12-month moratorium on data centers. The ordinance bars the city from accepting, processing, reviewing or approving data center applications, including rezoning requests, permits and annexation actions, while officials work on zoning and regulatory changes. Before the final vote the council removed recitals that referred specifically to the GM/JATCO site and the November referendum on that site, so the pause applies citywide.","scope":"Record-specific: Janesville City Council","status":"moratorium","date":"Approved 28 September 2026; 12 months","sources":[{"url":"https://www.gazettextra.com/news/local/janesville-city-council-approves-12-month-pause-for-data-centers/article_a2a675b4-4862-4f51-ada2-460aeee20a45.html","label":"The Janesville Gazette (gazettextra.com)"},{"url":"https://www.news8000.com/news/wisconsin-news/janesville-city-council-passes-data-center-moratorium/article_6ec4176f-fc55-58db-b397-ba0cd923ac01.html","label":"WKBT News 8000"}],"parties":[{"role":"Developer","name":"n.a."}],"groups":[],"attribution":null,"provenance":"Published SAVRN record; source status retained, not newly reverified here."},{"id":"d15ab3e3afe81e1d","state":"WI","tracker":"atlas","section":"at_risk","title":"La Crosse 18-month data center moratorium","summary":"The La Crosse Common Council approved a temporary 18-month freeze on new data centers, barring permits for projects involving more than 1 petabyte of data or more than 2 MW of electricity. The freeze took effect immediately and runs 18 months unless lifted or replaced by zoning changes. Concerns cited included power demand, electromagnetic fields, noise, fire hazards and air quality. La Crosse County put its own 18-month pause for unincorporated areas in place in June 2026 and formed a study panel the city plans to join. The Common Council approved the moratorium on Thursday 13 August 2026.","scope":"Record-specific: City of La Crosse Common Council","status":"moratorium","date":"Approved 13 August 2026; effective immediately; 18 months","sources":[{"url":"https://www.yahoo.com/news/us/articles/wisconsin-city-halts-data-centers-165900682.html","label":"The Cool Down via Yahoo News"},{"url":"https://www.news8000.com/news/local-news/la-crosse/la-crosse-common-council-approves-18-month-moratorium-on-data-center-development/article_401f11b3-6a6d-45c5-9d12-8a20b27fce36.html","label":"WKBT News 8 Now"}],"parties":[],"groups":[],"attribution":null,"provenance":"Published SAVRN record; source status retained, not newly reverified here."},{"id":"fc7d75a09931fd1c","state":"WI","tracker":"atlas","section":"at_risk","title":"Lighthouse campus (Port Washington)","summary":"Nearly 1GW Stargate-partnership campus. The Wisconsin PSC's April 2026 order set financial guarantee requirements for hyperscale customers (see the Wisconsin PSC jurisdiction note). On 6 August 2026 the Wisconsin PSC told American Transmission Co. to resubmit its application for the roughly 100-mile power line project serving the $15 billion Port Washington campus, citing about 564 changes made after the application was deemed complete. ATC refiled on 14 September 2026 at an estimated $2.5 billion to $2.7 billion, up from $1.6 billion, with Oracle paying most of the cost; Vantage says the campus remains on track for 2028. Ozaukee County Circuit Judge Adam Gerol dismissed Great Lakes Neighbors, Inc. v. City of Port Washington Joint Review Board, a challenge to the creation of Tax Incremental District No. 5 for the project, on Wednesday 16 September 2026 on pleading grounds, without ruling on whether the district complied with Wisconsin law; the group said it will pursue other avenues.","scope":"Record-specific: Port Washington, Ozaukee County","status":"litigation","date":"Jul 10 2026","sources":[{"url":"https://www.jsonline.com/story/communities/north/2026/07/10/lawsuit-alleges-dnr-was-lax-in-environmental-reviews-for-data-center/90876821007/","label":"Jsonline"},{"url":"https://mlq.ai/news/wisconsin-regulator-upholds-7b-collateral-requirement-for-oracles-1gw-lighthouse-campus-1/","label":"MLQ"},{"url":"https://www.wpr.org/news/oracle-drops-wisconsin-suit-financial-requirements-data-centers","label":"WPR"},{"url":"https://www.msn.com/en-us/news/other/power-lines-proposal-resubmitted-for-port-washington-data-center/ar-AA2clgPL","label":"Milwaukee Journal Sentinel via MSN"},{"url":"https://www.gmtoday.com/news_graphic/news/judge-dismisses-port-washington-tid-lawsuit/article_adc26714-2ac6-40d8-8923-8e0c48c5a617.html","label":"News Graphic (gmtoday.com)"}],"parties":[{"role":"Developer","name":"Oracle / Vantage Data Centers"}],"groups":[],"attribution":null,"provenance":"Published SAVRN record; source status retained, not newly reverified here."},{"id":"3a3973149f60c3b1","state":"WI","tracker":"atlas","section":"at_risk","title":"Madison campus","summary":"One-year moratorium to study impacts","scope":"Record-specific: Madison","status":"moratorium","date":"Jan 13 2026","sources":[{"url":"https://www.interconnectedcapital.com/research/data-center-moratoriums","label":"Interconnected Capital"}],"parties":[{"role":"Developer","name":"Vantage / OpenAI / Oracle"}],"groups":[],"attribution":null,"provenance":"Published SAVRN record; source status retained, not newly reverified here."},{"id":"848a2e22b8181635","state":"WI","tracker":"atlas","section":"at_risk","title":"Manitowoc County 18-month data center moratorium","summary":"The Manitowoc County Board voted unanimously on Tuesday 28 April 2026 to place an 18-month moratorium on data centers while the county researches and drafts zoning rules. The towns of Two Creeks, Two Rivers and Mishicot had passed identical resolutions in February 2026 asking the county for a one-year moratorium after Cloverleaf Infrastructure approached property owners.","scope":"Record-specific: Manitowoc County Board","status":"moratorium","date":"Approved unanimously 28 April 2026; 18 months","sources":[{"url":"https://www.wbay.com/2026/04/29/manitowoc-county-puts-18-month-moratorium-new-data-centers/","label":"WBAY (29 April 2026)"},{"url":"https://www.wpr.org/news/northeast-wisconsin-towns-1-year-moratorium-data-centers","label":"WPR (18 February 2026)"}],"parties":[{"role":"Developer","name":"Cloverleaf Infrastructure (reported approaching landowners in three towns)"}],"groups":[],"attribution":null,"provenance":"Published SAVRN record; source status retained, not newly reverified here."},{"id":"be972d463d8bee2f","state":"WI","tracker":"atlas","section":"at_risk","title":"Marathon County 12-month data center moratorium (18 county-zoned towns)","summary":"The Marathon County Board approved on 25 August 2026 a zoning ordinance amendment imposing an at least 12-month pause on data center approvals in the 18 towns under county zoning. During the pause the county will not accept, process or issue land use, zoning or conditional use permits, or text amendments, for new data centers or expansions, while staff and the Environmental Resources Committee draft regulations; a progress report is due six months after passage. Previously issued approvals, ordinary maintenance and emergency actions are exempt.","scope":"Record-specific: Marathon County Board","status":"moratorium","date":"Adopted 25 August 2026 (reported 21 September 2026); at least 12 months","sources":[{"url":"https://ninerswire.usatoday.com/story/news/local/2026/09/21/what-to-know-about-marathon-countys-12-month-data-center-moratorium/91679939007/","label":"Wausau Daily Herald (USA TODAY Network)"}],"parties":[{"role":"Developer","name":"n.a."}],"groups":[],"attribution":null,"provenance":"Published SAVRN record; source status retained, not newly reverified here."},{"id":"7a7c0389dd1b295b","state":"WI","tracker":"atlas","section":"at_risk","title":"Menomonie data center (Balloonist LLC)","summary":"In September 2025 Mayor Randy Knaack halted city support for the project, writing to Balloonist that the city was not interested in negotiating incentives, after resident pushback over secrecy, water and energy use. Civic Media reported in July 2026 that the paused tax increment negotiations had stalled development and that the city, which could not otherwise block a use that fell under its warehousing definition, was preparing a data center zoning ordinance for introduction on 4 August 2026.","scope":"Record-specific: City of Menomonie","status":"paused","date":"Paused by the mayor in September 2025; zoning rewrite under way in mid 2026","sources":[{"url":"https://www.wpr.org/news/menomonie-mayor-defends-move-to-halt-massive-data-center-project","label":"WPR (24 September 2025)"},{"url":"https://thetap.fm/news/2026/07/06/menomonie-final-draft-data-center-ordinance","label":"Civic Media / The Tap (6 July 2026)"},{"url":"https://www.wpr.org/news/menomonie-release-draft-guidelines-data-center-project","label":"WPR"}],"parties":[{"role":"Developer","name":"Balloonist, LLC"}],"groups":[],"attribution":null,"provenance":"Published SAVRN record; source status retained, not newly reverified here."},{"id":"0a17fa5cc558aff4","state":"WI","tracker":"atlas","section":"at_risk","title":"Metered Mining (Metered North) data center conditional use permit, Village of Hammond","summary":"The Hammond Village Board voted 5-0 to deny a conditional use permit for Metered Mining's data center, but the village Board of Appeals approved the permit with conditions on 8 June 2026. The village board then hired new counsel and filed a writ of certiorari in circuit court contesting its own appeals board's decision. Metered Mining intervened and has moved to strike letters from state Rep. Rob Kreibich, a village trustee and residents from the record, arguing review is limited to the appeals board record. St. Croix County's 12-month moratorium does not reach the village.","scope":"Record-specific: Village of Hammond Village Board v. Village Board of Appeals (circuit court certiorari)","status":"litigation","date":"CUP approved by the Board of Appeals 8 June 2026; certiorari suit by the village board pending (filing date not stated); single outlet","sources":[{"url":"https://www.hudsonstarobserver.com/news/attorney-seeks-to-strike-letters-from-state-rep-kreibich-and-others-in-hammond-data-center-lawsuit/article_730bff4e-c2b7-4a8f-b307-0c5974ceedc9.html","label":"Hudson Star-Observer"}],"parties":[{"role":"Developer","name":"Metered Mining"}],"groups":[],"attribution":null,"provenance":"Published SAVRN record; source status retained, not newly reverified here."},{"id":"8ba7d9187970e3b3","state":"WI","tracker":"atlas","section":"at_risk","title":"Microsoft Fairwater data center noise class action","summary":"Three Sturtevant residents filed a class action against Microsoft on 1 July 2026 over noise, construction dust and light pollution from the Fairwater data center. The complaint says Microsoft did not install adequate acoustic barriers. Microsoft said on 18 June 2026 that engineering changes had resolved cooling-fan noise and that further mitigation was planned.","scope":"Record-specific: Mount Pleasant / Sturtevant, Racine County","status":"litigation","date":"Class action filed 1 July 2026; single outlet","sources":[{"url":"https://www.tomshardware.com/tech-industry/data-centers/wisconsin-residents-file-class-action-lawsuit-against-microsofts-worlds-most-powerful-ai-data-center-due-to-data-center-noise-plaintiffs-also-mention-construction-noise-and-extreme-light-pollution-from-usd7-3-billion-facility","label":"Tom's Hardware"}],"parties":[{"role":"Developer","name":"Microsoft"}],"groups":[],"attribution":null,"provenance":"Published SAVRN record; source status retained, not newly reverified here."},{"id":"cc658e1ac5f45a7b","state":"WI","tracker":"atlas","section":"at_risk","title":"Milton 18-month data center moratorium","summary":"The Milton Common Council approved an 18-month data center moratorium at a Tuesday meeting after Alderperson Ken Smith proposed extending a 12-month draft prepared in July. City officials said state law limits development moratoriums to 12 months, but described this measure as strictly for the review process. The ordinance cites concerns about noise, air and other impacts. State Sen. Mark Spreitzer spoke in support before the vote.","scope":"Record-specific: City of Milton Common Council","status":"moratorium","date":"Approved at a Tuesday council meeting, reported 18 August 2026; 18 months","sources":[{"url":"https://www.gazettextra.com/news/city-of-milton-passes-18-month-data-center-moratorium/article_1f8796b2-6702-46e7-97e5-efd0ecfe9ac1.html","label":"The Gazette (Janesville)"}],"parties":[],"groups":[],"attribution":null,"provenance":"Published SAVRN record; source status retained, not newly reverified here."},{"id":"4a1ee8f7c39b2bbb","state":"WI","tracker":"atlas","section":"at_risk","title":"Monroe County data center moratorium","summary":"Monroe County, Wisconsin, enacted a local data center moratorium or ban, recorded in SAVRN's moratorium tracker as dated January 2026. 18-month moratorium on medium/large data centers and all battery storage; passed 10-3. Small-scale DCs (<500 kW, no crypto) exempt. Environmental concerns include trout streams in driftless area. The measure runs to 21 January 2028 and applies at a threshold of 500 kW.","scope":"Record-specific: Monroe County","status":"moratorium","date":"Enacted January 2026","sources":[{"url":"https://www.news8000.com/news/local-news/sparta/monroe-county-board-passes-18-month-moratorium-on-data-center-and-battery-storage-permits/article_c99ee674-946e-4422-b382-82f7737634d1.html","label":"news8000.com"}],"parties":[],"groups":[],"attribution":null,"provenance":"Published SAVRN record; source status retained, not newly reverified here."},{"id":"e4fae877efbea333","state":"WI","tracker":"atlas","section":"sites","title":"Mount Pleasant datacenter campus (Fairwater Wisconsin)","summary":"Microsoft announced $3.3B on 8 May 2024 for a state-of-the-art datacenter campus, then committed an additional $4 billion on 18 September 2025 for a second datacenter of similar size and scale, bringing total Wisconsin investment to more than $7 billion. Construction of the first facility completed 23 June 2026 ahead of schedule with nearly 10,000 construction workers and nearly 550 full-time employees on-site; the second facility is scheduled to be completed in 2028. Microsoft estimates $4.7 billion between 2024 and 2028 locally on hyperscale construction in Wisconsin. In August 2026 Microsoft filed at FERC (21 August 2026) disputing large load project commitment and minimum transmission charge agreements negotiated by American Transmission Co. and We Energies, which would bill Microsoft more than $600 million for new power lines and substations serving the Mount Pleasant campus. Microsoft said the agreements lack a mechanism to keep We Energies retail customers from paying the costs and could make large-load customers pay twice, and the Citizens Utility Board raised similar concerns. A second Microsoft data center was under construction at the site, and nearby residents filed a class action over data center noise in early July 2026. On 28 September 2026 the Village of Mount Pleasant announced that Microsoft will redirect its annual development incentive of up to $5 million under the 2023 development agreement, for which it had become eligible, to the Racine County Economic Development Corporation: about $100,000 stays with RCEDC and $4.9 million returns to the village for property tax relief and capital costs, following Microsoft's commitment to forgo local property tax incentives. 250 MW solar project built with National Grid Renewables; additional 250 MW solar project in Portage County more than $7 billion ($3.3B announced 8 May 2024 plus additional $4 billion committed 18 September 2025) No campus MW disclosed; paired with a 250 MW solar project with National Grid Renewables and a second 250 MW solar project in Portage County","scope":"Record-specific: Mount Pleasant","status":"construction","date":"Announced 8 May 2024; expanded 18 September 2025; first facility completed 23 June 2026; second facility scheduled 2028. Preliminary work on the 900-acre future-phase land was paused in January, restarted, and paused again; a 2023 agreement gives Microsoft until July 2030 to start phase two.","sources":[{"url":"https://news.microsoft.com/source/2024/05/08/microsoft-announces-3-3-billion-investment-in-wisconsin-to-spur-artificial-intelligence-innovation-and-economic-growth/","label":"Microsoft news"},{"url":"https://blogs.microsoft.com/on-the-issues/2025/09/18/made-in-wisconsin-the-worlds-most-powerful-ai-datacenter/","label":"Microsoft On the Issues"},{"url":"https://www.reuters.com/business/microsoft-boosts-wisconsin-data-center-spending-7-billion-2025-09-18/","label":"Reuters"},{"url":"https://news.microsoft.com/source/2026/06/23/microsoft-completes-construction-on-first-datacenter-facility-in-mount-pleasant-wisconsin/","label":"Microsoft news"},{"url":"https://www.wpr.org/news/microsoft-pauses-construction-on-parts-of-mount-pleasant-site-again","label":"Wisconsin Public Radio"},{"url":"https://www.utilitydive.com/news/microsoft-powerhouse-hillwood-data-center-service-ferc/828566/","label":"Utility Dive"},{"url":"https://finance-commerce.com/2026/08/microsoft-mount-pleasant-data-center-power-costs/","label":"Finance & Commerce (Milwaukee Journal Sentinel)"},{"url":"https://urbanmilwaukee.com/pressrelease/microsoft-foregoes-data-center-incentive/","label":"Village of Mount Pleasant release (Urban Milwaukee), 28 September 2026"}],"parties":[{"role":"Entity","name":"microsoft"}],"groups":[],"attribution":null,"provenance":"Published SAVRN record; source status retained, not newly reverified here."},{"id":"acd1f2a2bd4f40ca","state":"WI","tracker":"atlas","section":"at_risk","title":"Oneida County data center moratorium","summary":"Oneida County, Wisconsin, enacted a local data center moratorium or ban, recorded in SAVRN's moratorium tracker as dated August 2026. 1-year moratorium on data centers; unanimous vote; preemptive action with no known proposals. Excludes un-zoned areas of Sugar Camp, Monico, Enterprise, and City of Rhinelander. The measure runs to 19 August 2027.","scope":"Record-specific: Oneida County","status":"moratorium","date":"Enacted August 2026","sources":[{"url":"https://www.wxpr.org/energy-environment/2026-08-19/oneida-county-passes-one-year-data-center-moratorium","label":"wxpr.org"}],"parties":[],"groups":[],"attribution":null,"provenance":"Published SAVRN record; source status retained, not newly reverified here."},{"id":"72c8c90792792eb2","state":"WI","tracker":"atlas","section":"at_risk","title":"Oshkosh 12-month data center moratorium","summary":"The Oshkosh Common Council unanimously approved Ordinance 26-38 on Tuesday 8 September 2026, establishing a 12-month moratorium on data centers. The ordinance bars the city from receiving, processing, approving or issuing permits, licenses, zoning approvals, conditional use permits or site plans for data centers. It lasts 12 months after publication unless ended earlier. The council cited the rapid growth of hyperscale AI facilities in Wisconsin.","scope":"Record-specific: City of Oshkosh Common Council","status":"moratorium","date":"Approved unanimously 8 September 2026; 12 months after publication","sources":[{"url":"https://cardswire.usatoday.com/story/news/local/oshkosh/2026/09/08/oshkosh-data-center-moratorium-pub-crawl-nuisance-party-ordinance/91668910007/","label":"Oshkosh Northwestern (USA Today Network)"},{"url":"https://www.wbay.com/2026/09/09/oshkosh-common-council-passes-temporary-moratorium-data-centers/","label":"WBAY"}],"parties":[],"groups":[],"attribution":null,"provenance":"Published SAVRN record; source status retained, not newly reverified here."},{"id":"295ab8f4be65553c","state":"WI","tracker":"atlas","section":"at_risk","title":"Project Cornmaze data center campus (Towns of Turtle and Beloit)","summary":"On Wednesday 29 July 2026 the Town of Turtle Board of Supervisors unanimously rejected a revised cost-reimbursement agreement with Panattoni Development for a proposed $1 billion, 2 million sq ft hyperscale data center campus spanning the towns of Turtle and Beloit, and passed a resolution starting the process for a 12-month moratorium on developments of more than 10,000 sq ft. The Town of Beloit board unanimously took the same two actions on Friday 31 July 2026. The Beloit Daily News later reported that the Turtle board has approved the 12-month moratorium (adoption date not stated). Turtle board chair Roger Anclam, who had voted for the original agreement in early July 2026, faces a recall election over it. Panattoni said it would review the actions and determine a path forward.","scope":"Record-specific: Town of Turtle and Town of Beloit","status":"moratorium","date":"Cost agreements rejected and moratorium process started 29 July 2026 (Turtle) and 31 July 2026 (Beloit); Turtle 12-month moratorium since approved, adoption date not stated","sources":[{"url":"https://www.wifr.com/2026/07/30/town-turtle-board-rejects-data-center-cost-reimbursement-agreement-starts-moratorium-process/","label":"WIFR, 30 July 2026"},{"url":"https://www.beloitdailynews.com/news/local-news/turtle-board-rejects-cost-agreement-with-data-center-developer-passes-moratorium-resolution/article_f5febb86-6142-4ad0-bf23-c89c30752c81.html","label":"Beloit Daily News (Turtle vote)"},{"url":"https://www.beloitdailynews.com/news/local-news/town-of-beloit-follows-turtles-lead-rejects-data-center-cost-agreement-votes-for-moratorium/article_2242127f-f759-4ec4-990f-566ab50a488f.html","label":"Beloit Daily News (Town of Beloit vote)"},{"url":"https://www.beloitdailynews.com/news/local-news/turtle-board-chair-recall-drama-to-be-decided-tuesday/article_b13af5bf-eefd-47f0-b35c-a1706145efbb.html","label":"Beloit Daily News (recall and moratorium)"}],"parties":[{"role":"Developer","name":"Panattoni Development Co."}],"groups":[],"attribution":null,"provenance":"Published SAVRN record; source status retained, not newly reverified here."},{"id":"8db221fb1ea444fa","state":"WI","tracker":"atlas","section":"at_risk","title":"QTS DeForest / Vienna campus","summary":"QTS's $12B proposal required annexing 1,600 acres from the Town of Vienna into DeForest. On Jan 27, 2026 village staff determined the project 'not feasible in DeForest' after ~7 months of undisclosed talks and recommended the village president reject the annexation petition; scheduled Feb 3 board vote and Feb 9 public hearing were rendered moot.","scope":"Record-specific: DeForest / Town of Vienna, Dane County","status":"cancelled","date":"Jan 27 2026","sources":[{"url":"https://dailyreporter.com/2026/01/29/deforest-cancels-qts-data-center/","label":"Dailyreporter"}],"parties":[{"role":"Developer","name":"QTS Data Centers"}],"groups":[],"attribution":null,"provenance":"Published SAVRN record; source status retained, not newly reverified here."},{"id":"83787b444cedcf62","state":"WI","tracker":"atlas","section":"sites","title":"QTS DeForest campus (dropped)","summary":"QTS dropped a campus in the Village of DeForest, Wisconsin near Madison after the village moved to deny an annexation request, deeming the project \"not feasible in DeForest\".  n.a.","scope":"Record-specific: Village of DeForest","status":"withdrawn","date":null,"sources":[{"url":"https://www.datacenterdynamics.com/en/news/qts-drops-plan-for-data-center-near-madison-wisconsin-amid-opposition-from-local-officials/","label":"DCD"}],"parties":[{"role":"Entity","name":"blackstone"}],"groups":[],"attribution":null,"provenance":"Published SAVRN record; source status retained, not newly reverified here."},{"id":"b697da5506493274","state":"WI","tracker":"atlas","section":"at_risk","title":"Sauk County 18-month data center moratorium","summary":"The County Board approved an 18-month moratorium on new data centers 27-1 on 15 September 2026.","scope":"Record-specific: Sauk County Board","status":"moratorium","date":"Approved 27-1 on 15 September 2026; 18 months","sources":[{"url":"https://www.newsbreak.com/news/4888619554270-sauk-county-approves-18-month-moratorium-on-new-data-centers","label":"WMTV 15 via NewsBreak"}],"parties":[],"groups":[],"attribution":null,"provenance":"Published SAVRN record; source status retained, not newly reverified here."},{"id":"3ab7703ec10adb79","state":"WI","tracker":"atlas","section":"at_risk","title":"Sawyer County 18-month moratorium on large data centers","summary":"The Sawyer County Board voted to adopt an 18-month temporary moratorium on development of large data centers and associated infrastructure, giving staff time to review zoning and propose setback, permitting and performance standards. The only fetched source is a Citizen Portal meeting summary dated 20 August 2026.","scope":"Record-specific: Sawyer County Board","status":"moratorium","date":"Adopted, reported 20 August 2026; 18 months; single outlet (meeting summary service)","sources":[{"url":"https://citizenportal.ai/articles/9605659/Wisconsin/Sawyer-County/Sawyer-County-adopts-18-month-moratorium-on-large-data-centers","label":"Citizen Portal"}],"parties":[{"role":"Developer","name":"n.a."}],"groups":[],"attribution":null,"provenance":"Published SAVRN record; source status retained, not newly reverified here."},{"id":"10c1be927a06d402","state":"WI","tracker":"atlas","section":"at_risk","title":"Shawano County data center moratorium","summary":"Shawano County, Wisconsin, enacted a local data center moratorium or ban, recorded in SAVRN's moratorium tracker as dated January 2026. 12-month moratorium on data centers in unincorporated towns under county zoning; does not affect cities, villages, or self-zoning towns. The measure runs to 24 June 2027.","scope":"Record-specific: Shawano County","status":"moratorium","date":"Enacted January 2026","sources":[{"url":"https://www.newmedia-wi.com/board-adopts-moratorium-data-center-development","label":"newmedia-wi.com"}],"parties":[],"groups":[],"attribution":null,"provenance":"Published SAVRN record; source status retained, not newly reverified here."},{"id":"fd4ea9ee82a0ff11","state":"WI","tracker":"atlas","section":"at_risk","title":"Sheboygan 12-month data center moratorium","summary":"The Sheboygan Common Council unanimously passed a 12-month moratorium on data centers exceeding 10,000 square feet. The pause gives the council time to develop zoning code for data center uses. The Sheboygan Press reported the Common Council passed the moratorium 9-0 on 20 July 2026 with one alder excused; it bars zoning approvals and building permits for data centers larger than 10,000 square feet and exempts server rooms within properties that have other primary uses.","scope":"Record-specific: City of Sheboygan","status":"moratorium","date":"Passed 9-0 on 20 July 2026; 12 months","sources":[{"url":"https://whbl.com/2026/07/23/data-center-moratorium-passes-common-council/","label":"WHBL"},{"url":"https://www.aol.com/articles/sheboygan-data-center-moratorium-passes-180939000.html","label":"Sheboygan Press via AOL"}],"parties":[],"groups":[],"attribution":null,"provenance":"Published SAVRN record; source status retained, not newly reverified here."},{"id":"a38b51b89a27932b","state":"WI","tracker":"atlas","section":"at_risk","title":"St. Croix County 12-month data center moratorium","summary":"The St. Croix County Board of Supervisors voted unanimously to enact a 12-month moratorium on data centers, according to a statement from state Rep. Rob Kreibich. The pause gives the county time to study long-term effects and develop guardrails before data centers can be proposed. Residents had raised concerns at packed county Community Development Committee and Hammond Village Board meetings about a small-scale data center proposed in Hammond. The Hudson Star-Observer reported that the moratorium does not apply to the Village of Hammond, where Metered Mining holds a conditional use permit, or to the towns of Forest, Hudson, St. Joseph and Troy.","scope":"Record-specific: St. Croix County Board of Supervisors","status":"moratorium","date":"Approved 18-0 on 1 September 2026; 12 months","sources":[{"url":"https://www.baldwin-bulletin.com/news/representative-rob-kreibich-applauds-st-croix-county-for-enacting-data-center-moratorium/article_15324b37-dfa4-4b29-91f0-f099be91165d.html","label":"Baldwin Bulletin"},{"url":"https://www.hudsonstarobserver.com/news/st-croix-county-board-of-supervisors-approves-data-center-moratorium-unanimously/article_ffb0d3f1-77a5-43c7-8ba5-e9fd44b1aa32.html","label":"Hudson Star-Observer"}],"parties":[],"groups":[],"attribution":null,"provenance":"Published SAVRN record; source status retained, not newly reverified here."},{"id":"3026c59bd41ee42a","state":"WI","tracker":"atlas","section":"at_risk","title":"Tigerton data center moratorium","summary":"The Village Board passed a resolution on 15 September 2026 for a one-year moratorium on data centers, or until zoning policies are set, while a developer proposal is pending.","scope":"Record-specific: Village of Tigerton","status":"moratorium","date":"Resolution passed 15 September 2026; one year","sources":[{"url":"https://www.newmedia-wi.com/tigerton-puts-moratorium-data-centers","label":"NEW Media"},{"url":"https://wsau.com/2026/09/15/one-year-mortatorium-on-data-centers-moves-forward-in-tigerton/","label":"WSAU"}],"parties":[{"role":"Developer","name":"Blake Simpson (proposal pending)"}],"groups":[],"attribution":null,"provenance":"Published SAVRN record; source status retained, not newly reverified here."},{"id":"a14db4483ea00d2e","state":"WI","tracker":"atlas","section":"at_risk","title":"Town of Beetown data center moratorium","summary":"Town of Beetown, Wisconsin, enacted a local data center moratorium or ban, recorded in SAVRN's moratorium tracker as dated May 2026. Interim zoning ordinance blocking large data centers. Grant County; related to collapsed $1B data center proposal. The measure has no documented term.","scope":"Record-specific: Town of Beetown","status":"moratorium","date":"Enacted May 2026","sources":[{"url":"https://sustainruralwisconsin.org/data-centers","label":"sustainruralwisconsin.org"}],"parties":[],"groups":[],"attribution":null,"provenance":"Published SAVRN record; source status retained, not newly reverified here."},{"id":"e8b6a3622c14dcd0","state":"WI","tracker":"atlas","section":"at_risk","title":"Town of Cassville data center moratorium","summary":"Town of Cassville, Wisconsin, enacted a local data center moratorium or ban, recorded in SAVRN's moratorium tracker as dated April 2026. 2-year moratorium, unanimous. 36 sq mi in Grant County. Residents mobilized against a \\$1B proposed project. The measure has a stated duration whose end date is not recorded.","scope":"Record-specific: Town of Cassville","status":"moratorium","date":"Enacted April 2026","sources":[{"url":"https://dailyreporter.com/2026/06/05/wisconsin-counties-impose-moratoriums-on-hyperscale-data-centers/","label":"dailyreporter.com"}],"parties":[],"groups":[],"attribution":null,"provenance":"Published SAVRN record; source status retained, not newly reverified here."},{"id":"1c4333732ca5ae85","state":"WI","tracker":"atlas","section":"at_risk","title":"Town of Hampden data center moratorium","summary":"Town of Hampden, Wisconsin, enacted a local data center moratorium or ban, recorded in SAVRN's moratorium tracker as dated May 2026. Data center temporary moratorium (Chapter 18 ordinance). Columbia County. The measure has no documented term.","scope":"Record-specific: Town of Hampden","status":"moratorium","date":"Enacted May 2026","sources":[{"url":"https://townofhampden.wi.gov/documents/ch-18-data-center-temporary-moratorium","label":"townofhampden.wi.gov"}],"parties":[],"groups":[],"attribution":null,"provenance":"Published SAVRN record; source status retained, not newly reverified here."},{"id":"40d74cfc6c8ab31e","state":"WI","tracker":"atlas","section":"at_risk","title":"Town of Westport data center moratorium","summary":"Town of Westport, Wisconsin, enacted a local data center moratorium or ban, recorded in SAVRN's moratorium tracker as dated April 2026. 1-year moratorium restricting new data centers and telecom centers to max 10,000 sq ft; voted 4-1. Catalyst was QTS Data Centers proposal in nearby DeForest. Dane County. The measure runs to 6 April 2027 and applies at a threshold of 10,000 sq ft.","scope":"Record-specific: Town of Westport","status":"moratorium","date":"Enacted April 2026","sources":[{"url":"https://www.hngnews.com/tribune_enterprise/news/local/westport-enacts-data-center-moratorium/article_41bd7395-3dc5-4617-8fbd-72dcc27142f3.html","label":"hngnews.com"}],"parties":[],"groups":[],"attribution":null,"provenance":"Published SAVRN record; source status retained, not newly reverified here."},{"id":"79efefdfdc4b881d","state":"WI","tracker":"atlas","section":"sites","title":"Vantage Lighthouse campus","summary":"Vantage's Lighthouse campus in Port Washington, Wisconsin plans close to a gigawatt across four data centers, completing in 2028. The Wisconsin PSC declined in July 2026 to reopen We Energies' large-customer tariff, under which developers rated below A- must post collateral; the Financial Times reported Oracle could need a guarantee of about $7 billion costing more than $100 million a year. S&P cut Oracle to BBB- on 9 July 2026, and Oracle voluntarily dropped its Ozaukee County Circuit Court suit against the PSC on 17 August 2026, leaving the credit rules unchallenged. The campus first phase is expected to need 1.3 GW, with launch still scheduled for 2028. In September 2026 Vantage said the campus was roughly 20 to 25 percent complete, with 2,800 to 3,000 workers on site daily. The four buildings total about 2.5 million sq ft (the largest 759,000 sq ft; the first, about 550,000 sq ft, built by Weitz), each with a different general contractor, and Vantage expects staged deliveries to Oracle and OpenAI starting at the end of 2027. An Ozaukee County judge dismissed Great Lakes Neighbors United's challenge to Port Washington's TID No. 5, which funds about $175 million of infrastructure that Vantage pays upfront and recovers through the TID; the suit had said the TID would pay more than $458 million in reimbursements and interest over 18 years. A ruling on the voter-approved TID referendum ordinance is set for 19 October 2026. A research analysis by Vancouver-based Aterio, reported by BizTimes on 30 September 2026, said the campus is unlikely to be operational in the second half of 2027 as Oracle expects and is unlikely to carry meaningful load before mid-2028, because it cannot operate until American Transmission Co. builds a new high-voltage interconnection that awaits Wisconsin PSC approval after the PSC revoked the completeness finding in August and ATC refiled. Aterio's base case is full capacity around October 2028, with an extended PSC review pushing it to around April 2029. This is a third-party forecast, not a schedule change announced by Vantage or Oracle.  $15 billion campus, as reported by WPR and Construction Review (22 and 24 September 2026) plans \"close to a gigawatt\" across four data centers","scope":"Record-specific: Port Washington","status":"under_construction","date":"Construction ramped up January 2026; 20 to 25 percent complete September 2026; staged deliveries to Oracle and OpenAI from end of 2027; TID lawsuit dismissed (oral ruling, reported 22 September 2026)","sources":[{"url":"https://techinformed.com/softbank-to-buy-digitalbridge-adding-a-data-center-deal-machine-to-its-stargate-push/","label":"TechInformed"},{"url":"https://finance.yahoo.com/technology/ai/articles/oracle-faces-potential-7-billion-104844370.html","label":"Yahoo Finance (citing Financial Times)"},{"url":"https://wisconsinwatch.org/2026/08/oracle-drops-lawsuit-challenging-wisconsin-data-center-credit-rules/","label":"Wisconsin Watch"},{"url":"https://www.msn.com/en-us/news/other/power-lines-proposal-resubmitted-for-port-washington-data-center/ar-AA2clgPL","label":"Milwaukee Journal Sentinel via MSN"},{"url":"https://constructionreviewonline.com/15bn-vantage-data-centers-lighthouse-campus-nears-25-completion-in-wisconsin/","label":"Construction Review Online, 24 September 2026"},{"url":"https://www.wpr.org/news/judge-dismisses-lawsuit-challenging-port-washington-data-center-tid","label":"WPR, 22 September 2026"},{"url":"https://biztimes.com/analysis-of-port-washington-data-center-project-says-completion-likely-to-be-delayed-until-at-least-mid-2028/","label":"BizTimes Milwaukee, 30 September 2026"}],"parties":[{"role":"Entity","name":"digitalbridge"}],"groups":[],"attribution":null,"provenance":"Published SAVRN record; source status retained, not newly reverified here."},{"id":"16117f592cb1aa89","state":"WI","tracker":"atlas","section":"sites","title":"Vantage/OpenAI/Oracle Madison campus","summary":"Vantage is a named participant in the $15B Vantage/OpenAI/Oracle campus in Madison, Wisconsin, subject to a one-year moratorium adopted January 13, 2026.  $15B","scope":"Record-specific: Madison","status":"paused","date":"moratorium adopted January 13, 2026","sources":[{"url":"https://www.interconnectedcapital.com/research/data-center-moratoriums","label":"Interconnected Capital moratorium tracker"}],"parties":[{"role":"Entity","name":"vantage-data-centers"}],"groups":[],"attribution":null,"provenance":"Published SAVRN record; source status retained, not newly reverified here."},{"id":"eadadbbd70b4abfb","state":"WI","tracker":"atlas","section":"at_risk","title":"Waukesha project","summary":"Water utility denial; cancelled","scope":"Record-specific: Waukesha","status":"cancelled","date":"2025","sources":[{"url":"https://michaelbommarito.com/wiki/datacenters/risks/cancellations/","label":"Bommarito"}],"parties":[],"groups":[],"attribution":null,"provenance":"Published SAVRN record; source status retained, not newly reverified here."},{"id":"df0ee0c1efb3d97a","state":"WI","tracker":"atlas","section":"at_risk","title":"West Allis project","summary":"Zoning board rejection; cancelled","scope":"Record-specific: West Allis","status":"cancelled","date":"2025","sources":[{"url":"https://michaelbommarito.com/wiki/datacenters/risks/cancellations/","label":"Bommarito"}],"parties":[],"groups":[],"attribution":null,"provenance":"Published SAVRN record; source status retained, not newly reverified here."},{"id":"ff23dc267f82b0f4","state":"WI","tracker":"atlas","section":"at_risk","title":"Wingville Township two-year data center moratorium (blocked by county)","summary":"The Grant County Board of Supervisors on Tuesday 21 July 2026 blocked Wingville Township's attempt to adopt a two-year data center moratorium. County leaders said a data center developer had been knocking on doors in the rural township near Montfort. The Telegraph Herald reports the developer is eyeing a 300-acre site.","scope":"Record-specific: Grant County Board of Supervisors","status":"other","date":"Township moratorium blocked by county board 21 July 2026 (reported 22 July 2026)","sources":[{"url":"https://www.telegraphherald.com/news/tri-state/article_f7beb010-1bff-4f7f-b2d3-b330d1782ca5.html","label":"Telegraph Herald"}],"parties":[{"role":"Developer","name":"Unnamed developer (300-acre site inquiry)"}],"groups":[],"attribution":null,"provenance":"Published SAVRN record; source status retained, not newly reverified here."},{"id":"9249dc3531e89fd4","state":"WI","tracker":"atlas","section":"at_risk","title":"Wrightstown advisory referendum on data center support","summary":"Village voters rejected an advisory referendum on 11 August 2026 asking whether the village should support or help build municipal infrastructure for large-scale data center development in or near the community. The result was 1,033 to 151 against, about 87%. The referendum is advisory and non-binding, and the village board is not required to act on it. The village board placed it on the ballot after residents raised concerns about the Cloverleaf project. The trade association NetChoice sought to keep the question off the ballot, arguing it violated state law.","scope":"Record-specific: Village of Wrightstown, Brown County","status":"other","date":"Advisory referendum 11 August 2026","sources":[{"url":"https://www.wbay.com/2026/08/12/wrightstown-residents-vote-no-data-center-referendum/","label":"WBAY"},{"url":"https://spectrumnews1.com/wi/milwaukee/news/2026/08/12/voters-wrightstown-referendum-large-data-center-developments","label":"Spectrum News 1"},{"url":"https://www.wearegreenbay.com/news/local-news/wrightstown-data-center-referendum-fails/","label":"WeAreGreenBay"}],"parties":[],"groups":[],"attribution":null,"provenance":"Published SAVRN record; source status retained, not newly reverified here."},{"id":"c0e0e62ba225486e","state":"WI","tracker":"delay","section":"utility_actions","title":"Alliant Energy","summary":"Alliant Energy filed an application in April 2025 for approval of an Electric Service Agreement under its existing Individual Contract Rate Tariff to serve a data center in Beaver Dam. On May 7, 2026, the Public Service Commission of Wisconsin approved the agreement with modifications, including stronger termination charges, reporting requirements, financial safeguards, program contributions, and Renewable Energy Procurement Agreements.","scope":"Record-specific: WI","status":"approved","date":"2025-04","sources":[{"url":"https://psc.wi.gov/Documents/PressReleases/05.08.26PressRelease.PDF","label":"psc.wi.gov"}],"parties":[{"role":"Named utility / authority","name":"Alliant Energy"}],"groups":["utility:special contract:approved"],"attribution":null,"provenance":"Published SAVRN record; source status retained, not newly reverified here."},{"id":"8f81691272c2cefc","state":"WI","tracker":"delay","section":"utility_actions","title":"American Transmission Co. (Ozaukee County Distribution Interconnection Project, Port Washington)","summary":"2026-09-14: American Transmission Company refiled its application on Monday, September 14, 2026 for a series of grid upgrades in eastern Wisconsin serving the Port Washington data center, after regulators ordered it to start over amid repeated project changes. The refiling restarts the Public Service Commission's six-month review. The original application, filed in September 2025, described a package of more than $1.3 billion including a high-voltage line and five substations across Fond du Lac, Ozaukee, Sheboygan and Washington counties. 2026-09-18: American Transmission Co. filed a new application with the Public Service Commission of Wisconsin in the week of September 14, 2026 for the Ozaukee County Distribution Interconnection Project, a transmission project of more than $2 billion serving the Port Washington data center. The refiling followed a unanimous PSC vote in August 2026 revoking the completeness determination for the earlier application because of extensive revisions. The project includes new and rebuilt high-voltage lines and up to five new substations. Event date is the report date; the docket number is not stated.","scope":"Record-specific: WI","status":"pending","date":"2026-09-18","sources":[{"url":"https://wisconsinwatch.org/2026/09/wisconsin-port-washington-data-center-atc-restarts-push-grid-upgrades-transmission-utility/","label":"wisconsinwatch.org"},{"url":"https://www.wpr.org/news/atc-reapplies-transmission-project-port-washington-data-center","label":"www.wpr.org"}],"parties":[{"role":"Named utility / authority","name":"American Transmission Co. (Ozaukee County Distribution Interconnection Project, Port Washington)"},{"role":"Authority","name":"Public Service Commission of Wisconsin"}],"groups":["utility:other:pending"],"attribution":null,"provenance":"Published SAVRN record; source status retained, not newly reverified here."},{"id":"0d59dcac74bff85e","state":"WI","tracker":"delay","section":"county_restrictions","title":"Brown County","summary":"On June 2, 2026, the Brown County Planning, Development & Transportation Committee unanimously declined to advance Supervisor Christopher Welch’s proposed countywide data center moratorium, citing that no town, village, or city in Brown County is under county zoning (rendering it moot). It instead formed an informal three-person subcommittee to survey local governments. About 80 people attended an","scope":"county: Brown County","status":"expired","date":"2026-06-02","sources":[{"url":"https://dailyreporter.com/2026/06/03/brown-county-declines-data-center-moratorium-zoning/","label":"dailyreporter.com"}],"parties":[{"role":"Authority","name":"Board of Supervisors/County Commission"}],"groups":[],"attribution":null,"provenance":"Published SAVRN record; source status retained, not newly reverified here."},{"id":"9c47a771f7282566","state":"WI","tracker":"delay","section":"county_restrictions","title":"City of De Pere (Brown County)","summary":"A De Pere planning body approved a proposed one-year moratorium on large-scale data center development on Monday night, September 28, 2026, the same night Milwaukee's plan commission endorsed its own. The De Pere measure still needs final approval from the Common Council. The mayor said the city has no data center proposals in the works.","scope":"city: City of De Pere (Brown County)","status":"pending","date":"2026-09-28","sources":[{"url":"https://spectrumnews1.com/wi/milwaukee/news/2026/09/29/de-pere-milwaukee-data-center-moratoriums","label":"spectrumnews1.com"}],"parties":[{"role":"Authority","name":"De Pere planning body (Plan Commission)"}],"groups":[],"attribution":null,"provenance":"Published SAVRN record; source status retained, not newly reverified here."},{"id":"59d077f959cd2782","state":"WI","tracker":"delay","section":"county_restrictions","title":"City of Eau Claire","summary":"The Eau Claire Sustainability Advisory Committee finalized and approved its data center considerations and sent them to the City Council. The recommendations simplify size categories for zoning, using hyperscale and large scale as a starting point, and add air quality to standards on noise, light and water use, including backup generators. The date shown is the report date.","scope":"city: City of Eau Claire","status":"pending","date":"2026-09-16","sources":[{"url":"https://www.weau.com/2026/09/17/sustainability-committee-approves-data-center-considerations/","label":"www.weau.com"}],"parties":[{"role":"Authority","name":"Eau Claire Sustainability Advisory Committee"}],"groups":[],"attribution":null,"provenance":"Published SAVRN record; source status retained, not newly reverified here."},{"id":"8b7d26d2f35a42e6","state":"WI","tracker":"delay","section":"county_restrictions","title":"City of Madison","summary":"City of Madison, WI adopted a data center moratorium on January 13, 2026. This was a policy-driven, preventative action ,  not tied specifically to the QTS/DeForest proposal.","scope":"city: City of Madison","status":"in_force","date":"2026-01-13","sources":[{"url":"https://spectrumnews1.com/wi/milwaukee/news/2026/02/01/madison-passes-temporary-data-center-moratorium","label":"spectrumnews1.com"},{"url":"https://isthmus.com/news/news/madison-moves-to-enact-one-year-moratorium-on-data-center-construction/","label":"isthmus.com"},{"url":"https://captimes.com/news/government/madison-punts-on-joining-data-center-boom-passes-one-year-moratorium/article_d632970a-af9a-45ea-aa5a-9668d3040006.html","label":"captimes.com"},{"url":"https://www.datacenterdynamics.com/en/news/qts-drops-plan-for-data-center-near-madison-wisconsin-amid-opposition-from-local-officials/","label":"www.datacenterdynamics.com"},{"url":"https://dailyreporter.com/2025/11/07/qts-12b-deforest-data-center-development/","label":"dailyreporter.com"}],"parties":[{"role":"Authority","name":"City Council"}],"groups":[],"attribution":null,"provenance":"Published SAVRN record; source status retained, not newly reverified here."},{"id":"b3dbe7e09d9631ca","state":"WI","tracker":"delay","section":"county_restrictions","title":"City of Port Washington","summary":"Port Washington's city authorities unanimously approved annexing 500 acres from the Town of Port Washington and creating a new I-3 Technology Campus District zoning classification specifically designed to accommodate large-scale data-center use. Vantage purchased a total of 1,900 acres being annexed from the town to the city; by year-end 2025 the city had annexed 1,315 of roughly 1,900 acres. This","scope":"city: City of Port Washington","status":"in_force","date":"2025-05-01","sources":[{"url":"https://news.constructconnect.com/initial-plans-revealed-for-1900-acre-1b-data-center-in-port-washington-wisconsin","label":"news.constructconnect.com"},{"url":"https://www.saveportwashington.com/the-project/","label":"www.saveportwashington.com"},{"url":"https://biztimes.com/port-washington-approves-8-billion-vantage-data-centers-project/","label":"biztimes.com"}],"parties":[{"role":"Authority","name":"City Council"}],"groups":[],"attribution":null,"provenance":"Published SAVRN record; source status retained, not newly reverified here."},{"id":"3ec049532db8ea79","state":"WI","tracker":"delay","section":"county_restrictions","title":"City of Superior","summary":"One-year data center moratorium (In force).","scope":"city: City of Superior","status":"in_force","date":"2026-06-01","sources":[{"url":"https://wpr.org","label":"wpr.org"}],"parties":[{"role":"Authority","name":"City Council/Board of Supervisors"}],"groups":[],"attribution":null,"provenance":"Published SAVRN record; source status retained, not newly reverified here."},{"id":"a33e6096a27c33da","state":"WI","tracker":"delay","section":"county_restrictions","title":"Dane County","summary":"The Dane County Board unanimously approved Sub 1 to RES-039 on June 4, 2026, an 18-month moratorium pausing zoning permit applications for hyperscale data centers (defined as 5,000+ servers and 10,000+ sq ft) through roughly December 2027. It applies only to towns under county zoning, not self-zoning cities and villages; the county used a state-law workaround to enable it (zoning committee approve","scope":"county: Dane County","status":"in_force","date":"2026-06-04","sources":[{"url":"https://www.wisbusiness.com/2026/dane-county-board-approves-18-month-pause-on-hyperscale-data-center-development/","label":"www.wisbusiness.com"},{"url":"https://isthmus.com/news/news/dane-county-board-approves-data-center-moratorium/","label":"isthmus.com"},{"url":"https://www.wmtv15news.com/2026/06/05/dane-county-board-supervisors-votes-temporary-stop-permits-data-centers-unincorporated-areas/","label":"www.wmtv15news.com"}],"parties":[{"role":"Authority","name":"Board of Supervisors/County Commission"}],"groups":[],"attribution":null,"provenance":"Published SAVRN record; source status retained, not newly reverified here."},{"id":"97a445bf2dd6b21d","state":"WI","tracker":"delay","section":"county_restrictions","title":"Dodge County Board of Supervisors","summary":"Dodge County Board of Supervisors voted 29-2 for an 18-month pause on data center development to allow drafting of a county ordinance. One outlet (Daily Dodge) disputes whether the vote was a binding moratorium or merely advisory.","scope":"county: Dodge County Board of Supervisors","status":"in_force","date":"2026-06-22","sources":[{"url":"http://www.wdtimes.com/news/local/permits-dont-equal-protection-dodge-county-supervisors-pass-moratorium-on-data-centers/article_00ffa50e-7a96-4598-b676-94c2165d643d.html","label":"www.wdtimes.com"},{"url":"https://dailydodge.com/dodge-county-data-center-vote-was-advisory-not-a-moratorium/","label":"dailydodge.com"}],"parties":[{"role":"Authority","name":"Board of Supervisors/County Commission"}],"groups":[],"attribution":null,"provenance":"Published SAVRN record; source status retained, not newly reverified here."},{"id":"fd3e6fff23dec30a","state":"WI","tracker":"delay","section":"projects","title":"Fairwater Wisconsin (Mount Pleasant) (referenced)","summary":"Sen. Jodi Habush Sinykin (D-Whitefish Bay) and Rep. Angela Stroud (D-Ashland) introduced the first Wisconsin bill to hold data centers accountable. SB 729 / LRB 5432 would create a new 'very large customer' rate class requiring biennial rate cases, prohibit cost-shift to ratepayers, require 70% renewable energy for the sales-tax exemption, and mandate prevailing wage. Sierra Club Wisconsin, Wisconsin Conservation Voters, and labor unions backed it. The Wisconsin Senate adjourned March 19, 2026 without debating or voting on the bill. Competing bills included AB 245 (GOP, modifying the sales-tax exemption, Assembly passed January 21, 2026) and SB 1061 (data-center moratorium). A companion NDA-focused hearing was held February 17, 2026.","scope":"Record-specific: Wisconsin Legislature (SB 729 Data Center Accountability Bill)","status":"denied","date":"2025-11-01","sources":[{"url":"https://www.sierraclub.org/press-releases/2025/11/sierra-club-wisconsin-applauds-new-data-center-accountability-legislation","label":"www.sierraclub.org"},{"url":"https://docs.legis.wisconsin.gov/2025/proposals/sb729","label":"docs.legis.wisconsin.gov"},{"url":"https://spectrumnews1.com/wi/green-bay/news/2026/03/19/wisconsin-senate-adjourns-without-a-vote-on-data-centers","label":"spectrumnews1.com"},{"url":"https://wisconsinexaminer.com/2026/02/12/democratic-lawmakers-propose-data-center-moratorium/","label":"wisconsinexaminer.com"}],"parties":[],"groups":["delay:interconnection:denied"],"attribution":null,"provenance":"Published SAVRN record; source status retained, not newly reverified here."},{"id":"1c2cee17f761fd18","state":"WI","tracker":"delay","section":"county_restrictions","title":"La Crosse County","summary":"On Thursday June 18, 2026 the La Crosse County (Wisconsin) Board of Supervisors approved an 18-month moratorium on new data center decisions and development by a 26-2 vote (two members absent; Ken Schlimgen and Jeff Fimreite the no votes). The pause lets a special committee, created in May and led by board members Dillon Mader and Lia Manock, study environmental and economic impacts and develop co","scope":"county: La Crosse County","status":"in_force","date":"2026-06-18","sources":[{"url":"https://www.wxow.com/news/la-crosse-county-board-approves-data-center-moratorium/article_89162c21-3240-4d86-9e2d-8a6c3489ddc8.html","label":"www.wxow.com"},{"url":"https://www.wizmnews.com/2026/06/18/mader-on-data-center-moratorium/","label":"www.wizmnews.com"}],"parties":[{"role":"Authority","name":"Board of Supervisors/County Commission"}],"groups":[],"attribution":null,"provenance":"Published SAVRN record; source status retained, not newly reverified here."},{"id":"debb467bcb4d5430","state":"WI","tracker":"delay","section":"projects","title":"Lighthouse (Port Washington)","summary":"$15B project. Sierra Club/Midwest Environmental Advocates lawsuit filed July 10, 2026 in Ozaukee County. Also April 2026 ballot referendum limited DC construction.","scope":"Record-specific: Port Washington","status":"litigation_active","date":"2026-07-10","sources":[{"url":"https://www.jsonline.com/story/communities/north/2026/07/10/lawsuit-alleges-dnr-was-lax-in-environmental-reviews-for-data-center/90876821007/","label":"www.jsonline.com"},{"url":"https://www.eenews.net/articles/lawsuit-15b-wisconsin-data-center-lacks-required-environmental-review/","label":"www.eenews.net"}],"parties":[{"role":"Operator","name":"Vantage Data Centers / Oracle / OpenAI"},{"role":"Named customer","name":"OpenAI"}],"groups":["delay:environmental_review:litigation_active","delay:litigation:litigation_active","delay:community_opposition:litigation_active"],"attribution":null,"provenance":"Published SAVRN record; source status retained, not newly reverified here."},{"id":"e199a6213982873d","state":"WI","tracker":"delay","section":"projects","title":"Lighthouse Campus (Port Washington) ,  Oracle/Vantage/OpenAI","summary":"Nearly 1GW Stargate-partnership campus. Wisconsin PSC's April 2026 order required hyperscale operators (incl. Oracle) to post financial security before power service; estimated $7B collateral requirement and $100M+/yr financing cost for Oracle (S&P BBB rating, one notch below PSC's A- threshold). Oracle sued in Ozaukee County court June 19, 2026, and PSC rejected rehearing. Separately, Sierra Club and Midwest Environmental Advocates sued alleging DNR was lax on environmental review (filed July 10, 2026). Oracle later dropped its own suit over the financial-security tariff.","scope":"Record-specific: Port Washington, Ozaukee County","status":"active_litigation","date":"2026-07-10","sources":[{"url":"https://www.jsonline.com/story/communities/north/2026/07/10/lawsuit-alleges-dnr-was-lax-in-environmental-reviews-for-data-center/90876821007/","label":"www.jsonline.com"},{"url":"https://mlq.ai/news/wisconsin-regulator-upholds-7b-collateral-requirement-for-oracles-1gw-lighthouse-campus-1/","label":"mlq.ai"},{"url":"https://www.wpr.org/news/oracle-drops-wisconsin-suit-financial-requirements-data-centers","label":"www.wpr.org"}],"parties":[{"role":"Operator","name":"Oracle / Vantage Data Centers"},{"role":"Named customer","name":"OpenAI"}],"groups":["delay:litigation:active_litigation","delay:environmental_review_challenge:active_litigation","delay:regulatory_collateral_dispute:active_litigation"],"attribution":null,"provenance":"Published SAVRN record; source status retained, not newly reverified here."},{"id":"7d0c020f1825cea4","state":"WI","tracker":"delay","section":"utility_actions","title":"Madison Gas and Electric","summary":"MGE filed an application with the Wisconsin Public Service Commission proposing a Very Large Customer rate for new electric customers with demand of 100 MW or greater. MGE also proposed a Bespoke Resources Tariff allowing very large customers to receive service from dedicated energy resources and pay the related costs.","scope":"Record-specific: WI","status":"pending","date":null,"sources":[{"url":"https://www.mge.com/community/partnerships/economic-development/powering-data-centers","label":"www.mge.com"}],"parties":[{"role":"Named utility / authority","name":"Madison Gas and Electric"}],"groups":["utility:tariff:pending"],"attribution":null,"provenance":"Published SAVRN record; source status retained, not newly reverified here."},{"id":"c95e2a0feb41fd73","state":"WI","tracker":"delay","section":"county_restrictions","title":"Manitowoc County","summary":"Three northeast Wisconsin towns -- Two Creeks, Two Rivers, and Mishicot -- passed resolutions calling on Manitowoc County to place a one-year moratorium on new data center permits and construction, with an option to extend for six months. The resolutions were prompted by Texas-based Cloverleaf Infrastructure approaching local landowners with offers to purchase farmland for a data center. The area","scope":"county: Manitowoc County","status":"in_force","date":"2026-02-20","sources":[{"url":"https://www.wpr.org/news/northeast-wisconsin-towns-1-year-moratorium-data-centers","label":"www.wpr.org"},{"url":"https://fox11online.com/news/local/manitowoc-county-towns-band-together-petitioning-to-hold-off-new-data-centers-artificial-intelligence-economic-development","label":"fox11online.com"},{"url":"https://www.nbc26.com/lakeshore/three-wisconsin-lakeshore-communities-unite-to-pass-data-center-moratorium","label":"www.nbc26.com"},{"url":"https://www.wearegreenbay.com/top-stories/manitowoc-county-towns-ask-for-moratorium-on-data-center-projects/","label":"www.wearegreenbay.com"}],"parties":[{"role":"Authority","name":"Board of Supervisors/County Commission"}],"groups":[],"attribution":null,"provenance":"Published SAVRN record; source status retained, not newly reverified here."},{"id":"2430d067bd7443b3","state":"WI","tracker":"delay","section":"county_restrictions","title":"Manitowoc County","summary":"Manitowoc County Planning and Parks Commission unanimously approved a 1-year moratorium on data center permits on March 31, 2026, following petitions from Three Towns (Two Creeks, Two Rivers, Mishicot). Would prohibit accepting applications or issuing permits for data centers for 12 months. County board vote expected April 28. Motivated by Cloverleaf Infrastructure approaching property owners with","scope":"county: Manitowoc County","status":"pending","date":"2026-03-31","sources":[{"url":"https://www.wpr.org/news/manitowoc-county-committee-recommends-moratorium-data-center-permitting","label":"www.wpr.org"},{"url":"https://www.seehafernews.com/2026/03/31/county-commission-passes-data-center-moratorium-now-moves-to-county-board/","label":"www.seehafernews.com"}],"parties":[{"role":"Authority","name":"Board of Supervisors/County Commission"}],"groups":[],"attribution":null,"provenance":"Published SAVRN record; source status retained, not newly reverified here."},{"id":"c1e3e44ffd32dffd","state":"WI","tracker":"delay","section":"jurisdictional_actions","title":"Manitowoc County","summary":"Update 2026-09-30: The Manitowoc County Planning and Park Commission formally introduced a draft ordinance regulating data center construction, the permanent rules the county's moratorium was meant to produce. The draft defines a data center as a facility of 50,000 or more square feet on 10 or more contiguous acres with 1,000 or more servers. It caps a facility at 500 acres and allows no more than 100 acres to be converted from agricultural use. The County Board will review the draft, likely hold a public hearing, and then vote; no date is set. (Previously recorded as pending_review, dated 2026-04-29.)","scope":"county: Manitowoc County","status":"proposed","date":"2026-09-30","sources":[{"url":"https://fox11online.com/news/local/manitowoc-county-board-to-decide-on-data-center-moratorium","label":"fox11online.com"},{"url":"https://www.htrnews.com/story/news/local/2026/04/29/manitowoc-county-data-center-moratorium-2027-halt-wisconsin-expansion/89854870007/","label":"www.htrnews.com"},{"url":"https://www.seehafernews.com/2026/09/30/manitowoc-county-formally-introduces-data-center-ordinance/","label":"www.seehafernews.com"}],"parties":[{"role":"Authority","name":"Manitowoc County Board"}],"groups":[],"attribution":null,"provenance":"Published SAVRN record; source status retained, not newly reverified here."},{"id":"4e8f6b1a193e2f6a","state":"WI","tracker":"delay","section":"county_restrictions","title":"Marathon County (18 towns under county zoning)","summary":"The Marathon County Board approved on August 25, 2026 a moratorium of at least 12 months on data center development in the 18 townships governed by county zoning. It applies where data center operation is the primary use or where floor area committed to data center operations exceeds 5,000 square feet. County staff are to report progress on regulations to the Environmental Resources Committee after six months. Next date: 2027-08-25.","scope":"county: Marathon County (18 towns under county zoning)","status":"in_force","date":"2026-08-25","sources":[{"url":"https://www.aol.com/articles/know-marathon-countys-12-month-090450000.html","label":"www.aol.com"}],"parties":[{"role":"Authority","name":"Marathon County Board of Supervisors"}],"groups":[],"attribution":null,"provenance":"Published SAVRN record; source status retained, not newly reverified here."},{"id":"5b176e57d409dbb6","state":"WI","tracker":"delay","section":"county_restrictions","title":"Menomonie","summary":"Menomonie signed an NDA with Balloonist LLC in February 2024, over a year before announcing the $1.6B data center proposal in July 2025. Over the following six months, residents coordinated a local opposition campaign. Mayor Randy Knaack announced on Sept. 22 that the city was no longer interested in pursuing the project. On January 5, 2026, the City Council revised a zoning ordinance to bar Ballo","scope":"city: Menomonie","status":"expired","date":"2025-09-24","sources":[{"url":"https://www.wpr.org/news/menomonie-mayor-defends-move-to-halt-massive-data-center-project","label":"www.wpr.org"},{"url":"https://www.wpr.org/news/menomonie-mayor-puts-data-center-proposal-on-hold","label":"www.wpr.org"},{"url":"https://www.foxbusiness.com/economy/mystery-companys-1-6b-data-center-proposed-wisconsin-farmland-draws-residents-ire","label":"www.foxbusiness.com"},{"url":"https://www.wqow.com/news/chippewa-valley/new-data-center-ordinance-introduced-in-menomonie-residents-continue-to-protest/article_53bb6671-7f82-456c-a679-15d8c1b5c8f7.html","label":"www.wqow.com"},{"url":"https://www.wpr.org/news/data-center-proposed-menomonie-strong-response-concerned-citizens","label":"www.wpr.org"}],"parties":[{"role":"Authority","name":"City Council"}],"groups":[],"attribution":null,"provenance":"Published SAVRN record; source status retained, not newly reverified here."},{"id":"6b688ff399652711","state":"WI","tracker":"delay","section":"projects","title":"Microsoft (Mount Pleasant data center), Meta (Beaver Dam data center) Wisconsin (statewide moratorium bill)","summary":"Wisconsin SB 1061 would have imposed a moratorium on new data center construction until the state established a data center planning authority, prohibited cost-shifting to residents, eliminated subsidies, mandated public reporting, required 100% renewable energy, restored PSC planning authority, prohibited NDAs, and created enforcement structures. Introduced Feb 26, 2026 by Sens. Larson and Carpenter with cosponsors Madison, Hong, Moore Omokunde, Clancy, Cruz, and Tenorio. Companion AB 1099 is in the Assembly Energy and Utilities Committee. SB 1061 failed to pass pursuant to Senate Joint Resolution 1 on March 23, 2026.","scope":"Record-specific: Wisconsin (statewide moratorium bill)","status":"cancelled","date":"2026-02-12","sources":[{"url":"https://spectrumnews1.com/wi/milwaukee/news/2026/02/12/data-center-a-i--technology","label":"spectrumnews1.com"},{"url":"https://wisconsinexaminer.com/2026/02/12/democratic-lawmakers-propose-data-center-moratorium/","label":"wisconsinexaminer.com"},{"url":"https://www.wpr.org/news/new-bill-ban-nondisclosure-agreements-wisconsin-data-centers-nda","label":"www.wpr.org"},{"url":"https://wisconsinrivers.org/data-center-bills/","label":"wisconsinrivers.org"},{"url":"https://docs.legis.wisconsin.gov/2025/proposals/sb1061","label":"docs.legis.wisconsin.gov"}],"parties":[{"role":"Operator","name":"Microsoft (Mount Pleasant data center), Meta (Beaver Dam data center)"}],"groups":["delay:water:cancelled","delay:community_opposition:cancelled","delay:financing:cancelled"],"attribution":null,"provenance":"Published SAVRN record; source status retained, not newly reverified here."},{"id":"28e37770792b4c08","state":"WI","tracker":"delay","section":"projects","title":"Microsoft Kenosha Data Center (proposed)","summary":"Residents packed multiple public forums urging Kenosha Common Council to slow consideration, citing water extraction, 24/7 noise, air quality tied to a linked 1,186 MW fossil-fuel plant proposal, grid strain, and lack of transparency (alleged NDAs). No council vote as of June 1, 2026 meeting.","scope":"Record-specific: Kenosha, Kenosha County","status":"under_council_consideration","date":"2026-06-01","sources":[{"url":"https://citizenportal.ai/articles/8309004/wisconsin/kenosha-county/kenosha/residents-urge-kenosha-council-to-slow-microsoft-data-center-consideration-over-water-air-and-grid-concerns","label":"citizenportal.ai"}],"parties":[{"role":"Operator","name":"Microsoft"},{"role":"Named customer","name":"Microsoft"}],"groups":["delay:community_opposition:under_council_consideration"],"attribution":null,"provenance":"Published SAVRN record; source status retained, not newly reverified here."},{"id":"18d12b7d0ac7dea8","state":"WI","tracker":"delay","section":"projects","title":"Microsoft Mount Pleasant AI Campus (Foxconn site)","summary":"Built on former Foxconn site; total footprint ~1,121 acres across three parcels (215, 115, 791 acres); Microsoft now owns ~1,900 acres in Mount Pleasant. Microsoft paused construction on the 115-acre western site and earthwork at the 791-acre Durand Ave site while reevaluating scope/design amid technology changes; Phase 1 (215 acres) continues on schedule. Broke ground January 2024.","scope":"Record-specific: Mount Pleasant, Racine County","status":"construction_partially_paused","date":"2024-12-23","sources":[{"url":"https://www.wpr.org/economy/microsoft-pauses-construction-on-portions-of-mount-pleasant-project","label":"www.wpr.org"},{"url":"https://dailyreporter.com/2024/12/23/microsoft-pauses-some-work-at-mount-pleasant-data-center-site/","label":"dailyreporter.com"}],"parties":[{"role":"Operator","name":"Microsoft"},{"role":"Named customer","name":"Microsoft / OpenAI"}],"groups":["delay:corporate_reassessment:construction_partially_paused","delay:design_changes:construction_partially_paused"],"attribution":null,"provenance":"Published SAVRN record; source status retained, not newly reverified here."},{"id":"7efeda19dccff290","state":"WI","tracker":"delay","section":"county_restrictions","title":"Milwaukee","summary":"Milwaukee's Zoning, Neighborhoods & Development Committee postponed a proposed 1-year data center moratorium after the City Attorney's office said it lacked the required public notice/hearing and questioned whether an industry-wide ban would survive legal challenge. A new process was set: Plan Commission hearing 2026-09-28, Zoning Committee 2026-10-06, Common Council 2026-10-13. A separate proposa Update 2026-09-28: The Milwaukee City Plan Commission voted unanimously to endorse the proposed citywide data center moratorium after a contested public hearing. The measure would halt new data center construction for one year, ending earlier if the city adopts a zoning framework first. Sponsors are Alderpersons Marina Dimitrijevic, Alex Brower, Sharlen P. Moore, Robert Bauman and Russell W. Stamper II. The proposal now goes to the Common Council, with committee and council action expected in October. (Previously recorded as pending, dated 2026-07-28.)","scope":"city: Milwaukee","status":"pending","date":"2026-09-28","sources":[{"url":"https://bluewaterhealthyliving.com/news/national-news/wisconsin/data-center-ban-cannot-pass-until-public-hearing-city-attorney-says/","label":"bluewaterhealthyliving.com"},{"url":"https://urbanmilwaukee.com/2026/09/30/commission-endorses-milwaukee-data-center-moratorium-after-fiery-hearing/","label":"urbanmilwaukee.com"}],"parties":[{"role":"Authority","name":"City Council"}],"groups":[],"attribution":null,"provenance":"Published SAVRN record; source status retained, not newly reverified here."},{"id":"6140912f97e5e463","state":"WI","tracker":"delay","section":"county_restrictions","title":"Mishicot","summary":"Mishicot, Wisconsin, joined Two Creeks and Two Rivers at a joint town board meeting after several hundred people packed the Grey Fox Bar and Grill on January 26, 2026 for an informational meeting on AI data centers, with organizers forced to change to a larger venue due to overwhelming turnout. Cloverleaf Infrastructure and NSI Land Services had been approaching local farmers to purchase property.","scope":"township: Mishicot","status":"in_force","date":"2026-02-01","sources":[{"url":"https://www.wpr.org/news/northeast-wisconsin-towns-1-year-moratorium-data-centers","label":"www.wpr.org"},{"url":"https://www.wbay.com/2026/01/27/mishicot-community-voices-concern-over-proposed-ai-data-centers/","label":"www.wbay.com"},{"url":"https://www.seehafernews.com/2026/01/27/speakers-express-concern-to-mishicot-residents-about-proposed-ai-data-center/","label":"www.seehafernews.com"}],"parties":[{"role":"Authority","name":"Township Board"}],"groups":[],"attribution":null,"provenance":"Published SAVRN record; source status retained, not newly reverified here."},{"id":"464c8d6a7ee7f102","state":"WI","tracker":"delay","section":"county_restrictions","title":"Oshkosh","summary":"Common Council advanced a pause on data center construction, directing staff to draft a formal moratorium ordinance. No project is currently proposed for the city, but a local petition opposing data centers had already attracted over 1,500 signatures; Council Member Alec Lefeber cited water, environmental, and quality-of-life concerns. Update 2026-09-08: The Oshkosh Common Council unanimously passed an ordinance on September 8, 2026 creating a temporary moratorium on data centers. The Plan Commission had recommended a one-year pause in late August. The moratorium halts new data center development while the city studies zoning and regulatory standards. The ordinance does not set permanent rules. (Previously recorded as pending, dated 2026-07-14.)","scope":"city: Oshkosh","status":"in_force","date":"2026-09-08","sources":[{"url":"https://writing.strisker.com/data-centers-daily-notes-july-15-2026/","label":"writing.strisker.com"},{"url":"https://www.wbay.com/2026/09/09/oshkosh-common-council-passes-temporary-moratorium-data-centers/","label":"www.wbay.com"}],"parties":[{"role":"Authority","name":"City Council"}],"groups":[],"attribution":null,"provenance":"Published SAVRN record; source status retained, not newly reverified here."},{"id":"1a081632e4c4cd17","state":"WI","tracker":"delay","section":"county_restrictions","title":"Port Washington Common Council","summary":"The Port Washington Common Council unanimously approved the development agreement with Vantage Data Centers for what was then announced as an $8 billion data-center campus on 672 acres on the city's north side. The agreement was first presented for Common Council consideration on August 6, 2025 and allowed Vantage to fund $175 million in upfront infrastructure improvements (water, sewer, road) wit","scope":"city: Port Washington Common Council","status":"in_force","date":"2025-08-19","sources":[{"url":"https://biztimes.com/port-washington-approves-8-billion-vantage-data-centers-project/","label":"biztimes.com"},{"url":"https://www.wpr.org/wp-content/uploads/2025/08/Data-Center-Press-Release-8-20-25.pdf","label":"www.wpr.org"},{"url":"https://www.fox6now.com/news/port-washington-data-center-common-council-approves-development-agreement","label":"www.fox6now.com"},{"url":"https://urbanmilwaukee.com/2025/08/08/port-washington-data-center-would-include-175-million-of-public-infrastructure-costs/","label":"urbanmilwaukee.com"}],"parties":[{"role":"Authority","name":"City Council"}],"groups":[],"attribution":null,"provenance":"Published SAVRN record; source status retained, not newly reverified here."},{"id":"d1695833e06057a2","state":"WI","tracker":"delay","section":"county_restrictions","title":"Port Washington Common Council & Joint Review Board","summary":"The Port Washington Common Council formally voted to create Tax Incremental District (TID) No. 5 ,  a $458 million TIF ,  for the Vantage Lighthouse data center. On November 18, 2025, the Joint Review Board unanimously gave final approval. The TID would remain active for up to 20 years and reimburse Vantage for $175M in upfront infrastructure plus interest, consulting fees, and other costs. Under th","scope":"city: Port Washington Common Council & Joint Review Board","status":"in_force","date":"2025-11-04","sources":[{"url":"https://www.wpr.org/news/port-washington-council-approves-tid","label":"www.wpr.org"},{"url":"https://underthehardhat.org/port-washington-data-center/","label":"underthehardhat.org"},{"url":"https://www.tmj4.com/news/ozaukee-county/neighbors-split-as-port-washington-officially-approves-tid-for-data-center-campus-infrastructure","label":"www.tmj4.com"},{"url":"https://www.thecentersquare.com/wisconsin/article_10bed70d-6f44-4941-95d7-814e1aa68b9e.html","label":"www.thecentersquare.com"}],"parties":[{"role":"Authority","name":"City Council"}],"groups":[],"attribution":null,"provenance":"Published SAVRN record; source status retained, not newly reverified here."},{"id":"31b09d5e2959b47c","state":"WI","tracker":"delay","section":"county_restrictions","title":"Port Washington Plan Commission","summary":"The Port Washington Plan Commission, after hours of public comment, approved Resolution 2025-3 establishing the boundaries and project plan for Tax Incremental District No. 5 ,  the $458 million TID supporting the Vantage Lighthouse data center. The TID was established as an industrial district using the legislative exception passed under 2025 Wisconsin Act 16. Hundreds of residents attended; the c","scope":"city: Port Washington Plan Commission","status":"in_force","date":"2025-10-16","sources":[{"url":"https://citizenportal.ai/articles/6450447/port-washington-plan-panel-approves-tid-for-vantage-data-center-after-hours-of-public-comment","label":"citizenportal.ai"},{"url":"https://www.cbs58.com/news/port-washington-planning-commission-approves-tax-district-for-incoming-data-center","label":"www.cbs58.com"},{"url":"https://spectrumnews1.com/wi/milwaukee/news/2025/10/20/port-washington-city-council-meetings","label":"spectrumnews1.com"}],"parties":[{"role":"Authority","name":"Planning Commission"}],"groups":[],"attribution":null,"provenance":"Published SAVRN record; source status retained, not newly reverified here."},{"id":"5e4bffc0c34f5c9c","state":"WI","tracker":"delay","section":"county_restrictions","title":"Port Washington Plan Commission","summary":"After months of resident complaints ,  including reports of 110-decibel noise, incessant backup beeping, and bright work lights shining 24 hours a day into nearby homes ,  the Port Washington Plan Commission unanimously passed an amendment in March 2026 ending 24-hour outdoor construction at the Vantage Lighthouse site. The new restrictions limit outdoor work to 6 a.m.-8 p.m. Monday-Saturday, with l","scope":"city: Port Washington Plan Commission","status":"in_force","date":"2026-03-25","sources":[{"url":"https://www.wpr.org/news/port-washington-limits-construction-hours-data-center-project-after-complaints","label":"www.wpr.org"},{"url":"https://urbanmilwaukee.com/2026/03/15/neighbors-push-back-on-24-hour-data-center-work-in-port-washington/","label":"urbanmilwaukee.com"},{"url":"https://www.tmj4.com/news/ozaukee-county/24-hour-construction-at-the-port-washington-data-center-is-set-to-end-in-april-neighbors-say-the-new-city-rules-dont-go-far-enough","label":"www.tmj4.com"},{"url":"https://www.gmtoday.com/news_graphic/business/data-center-outdoor-work-restrictions/article_e58113ba-5e1c-4175-b947-39f33863cc35.html","label":"www.gmtoday.com"},{"url":"https://www.ozaukeepress.com/content/residents-blast-data-center-work-compromise","label":"www.ozaukeepress.com"}],"parties":[{"role":"Authority","name":"Planning Commission"}],"groups":[],"attribution":null,"provenance":"Published SAVRN record; source status retained, not newly reverified here."},{"id":"ea733b19fc76a19b","state":"WI","tracker":"delay","section":"projects","title":"QTS DeForest / Vienna Annexation ($12B, cancelled)","summary":"QTS's $12B proposal required annexing 1,600 acres from the Town of Vienna into DeForest. On Jan 27, 2026 village staff determined the project 'not feasible in DeForest' after ~7 months of undisclosed talks and recommended the village president reject the annexation petition; scheduled Feb 3 board vote and Feb 9 public hearing were rendered moot.","scope":"Record-specific: DeForest / Town of Vienna, Dane County","status":"cancelled","date":"2026-01-27","sources":[{"url":"https://dailyreporter.com/2026/01/29/deforest-cancels-qts-data-center/","label":"dailyreporter.com"}],"parties":[{"role":"Operator","name":"QTS Data Centers"}],"groups":["delay:withdrawal:cancelled","delay:village_infeasibility_finding:cancelled"],"attribution":null,"provenance":"Published SAVRN record; source status retained, not newly reverified here."},{"id":"6ba5618dfb39e833","state":"WI","tracker":"delay","section":"county_restrictions","title":"Rock County","summary":"2026-09-08: Rock County supervisors discussed five proposed data center resolutions at a Staff Committee meeting on Tuesday, September 8, 2026, including creating a 13-member county advisory committee and measures governing nondisclosure agreements and county staff involvement. Panattoni's Project Cornmaze, a 2 million square foot prospect in the towns of Beloit and Turtle, is the backdrop. 2026-09-24: The Rock County Board passed resolutions on September 24, 2026 on non-disclosure agreements and data centers. One directs the county administrator to develop a policy authorizing NDAs for county staff generally. Another directs that county employees may no longer enter NDAs that bar them from disclosing information to the public or elected officials about the encouragement or construction of hyperscale data centers.","scope":"county: Rock County","status":"enacted","date":"2026-09-24","sources":[{"url":"https://www.gazettextra.com/news/local/rock-county-staff-committee-advances-data-center-resolutions-to-county-board/article_59f071d1-8363-44d4-a252-bbc7a2f8bce6.html","label":"www.gazettextra.com"},{"url":"https://www.channel3000.com/news/rock-county-board-suggests-nda-data-center-policy/article_dd41112e-c131-4fec-95ae-b9331ea9e6c4.html","label":"www.channel3000.com"}],"parties":[{"role":"Authority","name":"Rock County Board of Supervisors"}],"groups":[],"attribution":null,"provenance":"Published SAVRN record; source status retained, not newly reverified here."},{"id":"c50a325a85fb4769","state":"WI","tracker":"delay","section":"county_restrictions","title":"Sauk County","summary":"The county board approved the moratorium to pause new data center developments for 18 months. The action is now in force following the September 16, 2026 approval.","scope":"county: Sauk County","status":"in_force","date":"2026-09-16","sources":[{"url":"https://news.google.com/rss/articles/CBMinAFBVV95cUxNOXZIazZuUWN4TXYxUTBxZHU3VXFQdGg3M2g2aGtGTlJFQVpsdXRRa1VsS0R2eDZDX1d5LS1sWHg5ZHd6dmJldVdLT2FCV0lkQkU0RnYyb2U3Y3g2N0hhSV9sVl9OZnc1S1dIYlFmUWxFMDFUOHRuMTlTMG5XcDJsNFY1NUFDdk13UFljeVY0VmRTaXkxWF9maERsNkXSAbABQVVfeXFMTzZEb0F6WjQ4NWcxNjJlS0FHSGxMakNBQTh5cHExcGl5WXQzeDBYeUhuQUJuaVhWT3pqTXdCSjFpMGpIVmg4eHNkQ2k2REtHVjlscGNZbVY5dXUzZHRhMThzd2llRGFlRG1tenU5QjRMVGdCUkJZb09qNTdmaEtxbmVjemJVck9Tdl85WnNxeVpycllqR2VuX3BvS3FEczFid0NIVldycE44b3N1aEt0N1M","label":"news.google.com"}],"parties":[{"role":"Authority","name":"Sauk County Board"}],"groups":[],"attribution":null,"provenance":"Published SAVRN record; source status retained, not newly reverified here."},{"id":"a51bece303f02150","state":"WI","tracker":"delay","section":"county_restrictions","title":"Shawano County","summary":"On June 3, 2026, the Shawano County Planning, Development & Zoning Committee unanimously recommended a one-year moratorium for unincorporated (county-zoned) areas after a public hearing at which no speakers opposed it. The full county board is set to vote June 24. The Planning, Development & Zoning Committee held a June 3 public hearing (no speakers opposed) and unanimously recommended a one-year Update 2026-06-24: The Shawano County Board adopted a 12-month moratorium on June 24, 2026 covering the siting, construction, establishment and operation of data centers. It applies only in unincorporated towns that are under county zoning. Cities, villages and nine towns with their own zoning are not covered. The county plans to use the period to study data center impacts. (Previously recorded as pending, dated 2026-06-03.)","scope":"county: Shawano County","status":"in_force","date":"2026-06-24","sources":[{"url":"https://spectrumnews1.com/wi/milwaukee/news/2026/06/03/wisconsin-data-center-shawano-county-moritorium","label":"spectrumnews1.com"},{"url":"https://www.wearegreenbay.com/news/local-news/shawano-county-board-to-vote-on-recommended-data-center-moratorium/","label":"www.wearegreenbay.com"},{"url":"https://www.wbay.com/2026/06/03/shawano-county-considers-data-center-moratorium/","label":"www.wbay.com"},{"url":"https://www.newmedia-wi.com/board-adopts-moratorium-data-center-development","label":"www.newmedia-wi.com"}],"parties":[{"role":"Authority","name":"Board of Supervisors/County Commission"}],"groups":[],"attribution":null,"provenance":"Published SAVRN record; source status retained, not newly reverified here."},{"id":"97f410e04bb735c5","state":"WI","tracker":"delay","section":"county_restrictions","title":"Sun Prairie (Dane County)","summary":"The Sun Prairie City Council approved a zoning ordinance amendment on September 1, 2026 enacting a one-year moratorium on data centers. The vote was a unanimous voice vote. It applies to any new or expanded data center larger than 10,000 square feet, unless the data center is an accessory use to an existing business.","scope":"city: Sun Prairie (Dane County)","status":"in_force","date":"2026-09-01","sources":[{"url":"https://www.hngnews.com/the_star/local_news/sun-prairie-approves-one-year-data-center-moratorium/article_cd3109b2-c7ba-4298-b7ce-684a29e12cc4.html","label":"www.hngnews.com"}],"parties":[{"role":"Authority","name":"Sun Prairie City Council"}],"groups":[],"attribution":null,"provenance":"Published SAVRN record; source status retained, not newly reverified here."},{"id":"9a28619c5f341c73","state":"WI","tracker":"delay","section":"county_restrictions","title":"Town of Bloomer (Chippewa County)","summary":"The Town of Bloomer Town Board is to hold a public hearing on data centers on Wednesday, October 7, 2026, including discussion and action on a Planning Commission recommendation for a moratorium on data center development in the town. The hearing follows a Planning Commission hearing and meeting starting at 7 p.m. at the Bloomer Town Hall. Next date: 2026-10-07.","scope":"town: Town of Bloomer (Chippewa County)","status":"pending","date":"2026-10-07","sources":[{"url":"https://www.weau.com/2026/10/03/town-bloomer-hold-public-hearing-about-data-centers/","label":"www.weau.com"}],"parties":[{"role":"Authority","name":"Town of Bloomer Town Board"}],"groups":[],"attribution":null,"provenance":"Published SAVRN record; source status retained, not newly reverified here."},{"id":"e035c0b980a2c7a8","state":"WI","tracker":"delay","section":"county_restrictions","title":"Town of Carlton","summary":"Cloverleaf Infrastructure scrapped plans in Carlton (Kewaunee County) after local residents objected to the idea. Town Chairman David Hardtke told Cloverleaf 'if this is such a good thing for the town I want the public informational meeting and they would not do that -- it's not good for the town.' Chris Kohnle of Tisch Mills Farm Center warned 'once they take land away, it'll never come back.' Th","scope":"township: Town of Carlton","status":"expired","date":"2025-12-01","sources":[{"url":"https://pbswisconsin.org/news-item/kewaunee-county-town-staves-off-plan-for-a-land-purchase-by-a-data-center-developer/","label":"pbswisconsin.org"},{"url":"https://www.datacenterdynamics.com/en/news/cloverleaf-walks-away-from-data-center-site-project-in-kewaunee-wisconsin/","label":"www.datacenterdynamics.com"},{"url":"https://www.nbc26.com/lakeshore/wisconsin-lakeshore-towns-resist-data-center-development-on-farmland","label":"www.nbc26.com"},{"url":"https://www.kewauneecountystarnews.com/stories/carlton-staves-off-interest-from-data-center-developers,317099","label":"www.kewauneecountystarnews.com"}],"parties":[{"role":"Authority","name":"Township Board"}],"groups":[],"attribution":null,"provenance":"Published SAVRN record; source status retained, not newly reverified here."},{"id":"00e425e60a502c86","state":"WI","tracker":"delay","section":"county_restrictions","title":"Town of Dovre (Barron County)","summary":"Town of Dovre officials enacted a 12-month temporary moratorium in summer 2026 to protect unzoned land and decommissioned industrial sand sites from data center development, according to a Bloomer Advance roundup. Barron County held a three-hour Committee of the Whole session on data centers on August 31, 2026. The Dovre vote date is not stated, so the event date is the report date.","scope":"town: Town of Dovre (Barron County)","status":"in_force","date":"2026-09-09","sources":[{"url":"https://www.bloomeradvance.com/news/front_page/article_78bc46e0-7fc5-42d7-a292-5e88f547b5b5.html","label":"www.bloomeradvance.com"},{"url":"https://www.chetekalert.com/news/top_stories/article_af635760-5ab7-4408-a993-d35a381aa795.html","label":"www.chetekalert.com"}],"parties":[{"role":"Authority","name":"Town of Dovre Town Board"}],"groups":[],"attribution":null,"provenance":"Published SAVRN record; source status retained, not newly reverified here."},{"id":"1f8a589b4a95da75","state":"WI","tracker":"delay","section":"county_restrictions","title":"Town of Janesville","summary":"The Town of Janesville's Planning & Zoning Committee recommended a moratorium on data center development to preserve agricultural land, following a heavily-attended public meeting. This is a distinct township government in Rock County and is separate from the City of Janesville's GM/JATCO-site data center fight (Viridian NDA and November 2026 referendum), which is tracked in separate entries. Update 2026-09-28: 2026-08-03: The Town of Janesville board of supervisors approved a data center moratorium at its Monday meeting, one week after its planning and zoning committee recommended a 12-month pause. In the same report, the neighboring Town of Rock board held off on a moratorium vote and sent the question to its planning and zoning committee for a recommendation. 2026-09-28: The Janesville City Council voted unanimously on Monday, September 28, 2026 to enact a one-year moratorium on data centers within the city. It pauses acceptance, processing, review and approval of any data center application, including rezonings, permits, annexation requests and other development approvals. This is the City of Janesville, separate from the Town of Janesville moratorium. (Previously recorded as pending, dated 2026-07-29.)","scope":"township: Town of Janesville","status":"in_force","date":"2026-09-28","sources":[{"url":"https://www.wmtv15news.com/2026/07/29/town-janesville-planning-zoning-committee-recommends-data-center-moratorium/","label":"www.wmtv15news.com"},{"url":"https://www.beloitdailynews.com/news/business-news/town-of-rock-board-holds-off-on-data-center-moratorium-vote-town-of-janesville-approves/article_12a85823-374e-48bf-92a8-205b9519035b.html","label":"www.beloitdailynews.com"},{"url":"https://kaukaunacommunitynews.com/2026/09/28/southern-wisconsin-community-latest-to-enact-a-data-center-moratorium/","label":"kaukaunacommunitynews.com"}],"parties":[{"role":"Authority","name":"Township Board"}],"groups":[],"attribution":null,"provenance":"Published SAVRN record; source status retained, not newly reverified here."},{"id":"5e7cdae31538d417","state":"WI","tracker":"delay","section":"county_restrictions","title":"Two Creeks","summary":"Two Creeks, along with Two Rivers and Mishicot, held a joint town board meeting and approved identical resolutions calling on Manitowoc County to adopt a one-year moratorium on data center permits and construction, with option to extend 6 months (by Cloverleaf Infrastructure). These three northeast Wisconsin towns acted proactively to prevent data center siting in their communities.","scope":"township: Two Creeks","status":"in_force","date":"2026-02-01","sources":[{"url":"https://www.wpr.org/news/northeast-wisconsin-towns-1-year-moratorium-data-centers","label":"www.wpr.org"},{"url":"https://fox11online.com/news/local/mishicot-area-residents-and-family-farms-rally-against-proposed-ai-data-center-cloverleaf-infrastructure-nsi-land-services-two-creeks-anthony-barta-northeast-wisconsin-artificial-intelligence","label":"fox11online.com"}],"parties":[{"role":"Authority","name":"Township Board"}],"groups":[],"attribution":null,"provenance":"Published SAVRN record; source status retained, not newly reverified here."},{"id":"315edff9af24d86b","state":"WI","tracker":"delay","section":"county_restrictions","title":"Two Rivers","summary":"Two Rivers, Wisconsin, joined Two Creeks and Mishicot at a joint town board meeting on February 12, 2026 in approving identical resolutions calling for a one-year moratorium on data center permits and construction in Manitowoc County, with option for a six-month extension. The action came after Texas-based Cloverleaf Infrastructure approached local farmers with offers to purchase land, with one Mi","scope":"township: Two Rivers","status":"in_force","date":"2026-02-01","sources":[{"url":"https://www.wpr.org/news/northeast-wisconsin-towns-1-year-moratorium-data-centers","label":"www.wpr.org"},{"url":"https://www.nbc26.com/lakeshore/three-wisconsin-lakeshore-communities-unite-to-pass-data-center-moratorium","label":"www.nbc26.com"}],"parties":[{"role":"Authority","name":"Township Board"}],"groups":[],"attribution":null,"provenance":"Published SAVRN record; source status retained, not newly reverified here."},{"id":"90c5a1c8e9339a86","state":"WI","tracker":"delay","section":"county_restrictions","title":"Village of Bellevue","summary":"12-month data center moratorium (In force).","scope":"city: Village of Bellevue","status":"in_force","date":"2026-08-01","sources":[{"url":"https://nbc26.com","label":"nbc26.com"}],"parties":[{"role":"Authority","name":"City Council/Board of Supervisors"}],"groups":[],"attribution":null,"provenance":"Published SAVRN record; source status retained, not newly reverified here."},{"id":"aa1c844d8f84d50a","state":"WI","tracker":"delay","section":"county_restrictions","title":"Village of Caledonia","summary":"Microsoft cancelled its 244-acre, 900 MW Caledonia data center (Project Nova) after a 2,000-signature petition and strong community opposition forced a rethinking of the plan. Microsoft said it remains committed to the region and Racine County officials are working to identify an alternative site, possibly still in Caledonia. Microsoft's other Wisconsin projects (Mount Pleasant, Kenosha) are unaff","scope":"city: Village of Caledonia","status":"expired","date":"2025-10-09","sources":[{"url":"https://urbanmilwaukee.com/2025/10/09/citing-opposition-microsoft-cancels-caledonia-data-center/","label":"urbanmilwaukee.com"},{"url":"https://www.tomshardware.com/desktops/servers/microsoft-cancels-wisconsin-data-center-after-community-pushback-244-acre-caledonia-site-on-hold-but-redmond-says-it-remains-committed-to-the-region","label":"www.tomshardware.com"},{"url":"https://www.tmj4.com/news/racine-county/microsoft-pulls-plug-on-plans-for-244-acre-data-center-in-caledonia-after-community-pushback","label":"www.tmj4.com"},{"url":"https://www.cnbc.com/2025/11/25/microsoft-ai-data-center-rejection-vs-support.html","label":"www.cnbc.com"},{"url":"https://www.datacenterdynamics.com/en/news/microsoft-cancels-plans-for-data-center-caledonia-wisconsin/","label":"www.datacenterdynamics.com"}],"parties":[{"role":"Authority","name":"Village Board"}],"groups":[],"attribution":null,"provenance":"Published SAVRN record; source status retained, not newly reverified here."},{"id":"fa49337a6e1f3f76","state":"WI","tracker":"delay","section":"county_restrictions","title":"Village of Cottage Grove","summary":"12-month data center moratorium (In force).","scope":"city: Village of Cottage Grove","status":"in_force","date":"2026-07-01","sources":[{"url":"https://wmtv15news.com","label":"wmtv15news.com"}],"parties":[{"role":"Authority","name":"City Council/Board of Supervisors"}],"groups":[],"attribution":null,"provenance":"Published SAVRN record; source status retained, not newly reverified here."},{"id":"7060e3603e51e148","state":"WI","tracker":"delay","section":"county_restrictions","title":"Village of DeForest","summary":"In the Village of DeForest, Wisconsin, QTS Data Centers proposed a $12B project involving five data center buildings on nearly 1,600 acres of farmland in the Town of Vienna. The 'No Data Center in DeForest' group mobilized rapidly, gaining 4,000+ Facebook followers in a village of 10,000. They printed yard signs, created an online community, and voiced opposition at numerous town and village board","scope":"city: Village of DeForest","status":"expired","date":"2026-02-03","sources":[{"url":"https://isthmus.com/news/news/deforest-announces-no-data-center/","label":"isthmus.com"},{"url":"https://wisconsinwatch.org/2026/01/deforest-wisconsin-data-center-project-village-board-government/","label":"wisconsinwatch.org"},{"url":"https://spectrumnews1.com/wi/milwaukee/news/2026/01/28/deforest--data-center--qts--village-board--rejection","label":"spectrumnews1.com"},{"url":"https://www.wpr.org/energy/deforest-wont-move-forward-data-center","label":"www.wpr.org"},{"url":"https://www.dailycardinal.com/article/2026/01/deforest-residents-organize-to-stop-proposed-data-center-after-emails-go-public","label":"www.dailycardinal.com"}],"parties":[{"role":"Authority","name":"Village Board"}],"groups":[],"attribution":null,"provenance":"Published SAVRN record; source status retained, not newly reverified here."},{"id":"986c4b20f9c92c35","state":"WI","tracker":"delay","section":"county_restrictions","title":"Village of Greenleaf","summary":"Houston-based Cloverleaf Infrastructure offered $120,000 per acre for approximately 600 acres to build the first AI data center in northeast Wisconsin, directly across from Ledgestone Vineyards. Nearly 100 residents attended a 'Stop the Data Center' meeting, launching petitions and appeals. Cloverleaf withdrew on Jan. 13, 2026 after speaking with village officials, citing lack of local support.","scope":"city: Village of Greenleaf","status":"expired","date":"2026-01-13","sources":[{"url":"https://www.wearegreenbay.com/news/local-news/because-of-community-opposition-village-of-greenleaf-no-longer-considered-for-data-center-project/","label":"www.wearegreenbay.com"},{"url":"https://spectrumnews1.com/wi/milwaukee/news/2026/01/13/data-center-withdraws-plans-to-build-in-brown-county-following-community-pushback-greenleaf-","label":"spectrumnews1.com"},{"url":"https://fox11online.com/news/local/company-discontinues-possible-ai-data-center-project-in-greenleaf-after-community-backlash","label":"fox11online.com"},{"url":"https://www.thecooldown.com/green-business/greenleaf-wisconsin-residents-oppose-data-center/","label":"www.thecooldown.com"},{"url":"https://www.wearegreenbay.com/news/local-news/houston-based-real-estate-developer-responds-to-data-center-proposal-concerns-in-northeast-wisconsin/","label":"www.wearegreenbay.com"}],"parties":[{"role":"Authority","name":"Village Board"}],"groups":[],"attribution":null,"provenance":"Published SAVRN record; source status retained, not newly reverified here."},{"id":"de80478656071528","state":"WI","tracker":"delay","section":"county_restrictions","title":"Village of Greenville (Outagamie County)","summary":"One-year data center moratorium (10,000 sq ft+) (In force).","scope":"county: Village of Greenville (Outagamie County)","status":"in_force","date":"2026-07-01","sources":[{"url":"https://wearegreenbay.com","label":"wearegreenbay.com"}],"parties":[{"role":"Authority","name":"City Council/Board of Supervisors"}],"groups":[],"attribution":null,"provenance":"Published SAVRN record; source status retained, not newly reverified here."},{"id":"4dd3f5622526693c","state":"WI","tracker":"delay","section":"county_restrictions","title":"Village of Mount Pleasant Village Board","summary":"The Mount Pleasant Village Board unanimously approved two site plans for Microsoft's $13.3B expansion ,  adding 15 data-center buildings on two new campuses ,  after the Plan Commission unanimously approved them on January 21, 2026. Approvals authorize up to 9 million sq ft of building area, three substations, and total taxable value above $13B. During public comment, six spoke in support, three rai","scope":"city: Village of Mount Pleasant Village Board","status":"in_force","date":"2026-01-26","sources":[{"url":"https://www.wpr.org/news/mount-pleasant-approves-site-plans-microsoft-data-center-expansion","label":"www.wpr.org"},{"url":"https://www.cnbc.com/2026/01/26/microsoft-wins-approval-for-15-data-centers-at-wisconsin-foxconn-site.html","label":"www.cnbc.com"},{"url":"https://racinecountyeye.com/2026/01/27/microsoft-site-plans-approved-data/","label":"racinecountyeye.com"}],"parties":[{"role":"Authority","name":"Village Board"}],"groups":[],"attribution":null,"provenance":"Published SAVRN record; source status retained, not newly reverified here."},{"id":"3ba66ede472c7e41","state":"WI","tracker":"delay","section":"county_restrictions","title":"Village of Wrightstown","summary":"Wrightstown Village Board unanimously adopted a one-year moratorium on data center projects, extending a prior resolution that had paused planning pending an August advisory referendum.","scope":"city: Village of Wrightstown","status":"in_force","date":"2026-07-07","sources":[{"url":"https://www.nbc26.com/news/local-news/wrightstown-adopts-a-one-year-moratorium-on-data-center-projects","label":"www.nbc26.com"},{"url":"https://www.wbay.com/video/2026/06/17/wrightstown-passes-moratorium-data-center-projects/","label":"www.wbay.com"}],"parties":[{"role":"Authority","name":"Village Board"}],"groups":[],"attribution":null,"provenance":"Published SAVRN record; source status retained, not newly reverified here."},{"id":"d60cfd89abe39e54","state":"WI","tracker":"delay","section":"county_restrictions","title":"Village of Yorkville","summary":"A developer proposed a backup data center at Kuiper Farm (2400 55th Drive) in the Village of Yorkville, about five miles from Microsoft's AI data center under construction in Mount Pleasant. The Yorkville Village Board and Plan Commission held a joint pre-application conference on December 8, 2025 and made clear the village had no interest in hosting a data center. The developer said they would mo","scope":"city: Village of Yorkville","status":"expired","date":"2025-12-08","sources":[{"url":"https://spectrumnews1.com/wi/milwaukee/news/2025/12/09/yorkville--backup-data-center--update","label":"spectrumnews1.com"},{"url":"https://biztimes.com/yorkville-puts-up-a-hard-no-on-data-center-talk/","label":"biztimes.com"},{"url":"https://wtmj.com/news/2025/12/23/a-look-back-at-wisconsins-year-of-the-data-center/","label":"wtmj.com"},{"url":"https://shepherdexpress.com/news/features/the-struggle-against-hyperscale-data-centers-across-wisconsin/","label":"shepherdexpress.com"},{"url":"https://www.cnbc.com/2025/11/25/microsoft-ai-data-center-rejection-vs-support.html","label":"www.cnbc.com"}],"parties":[{"role":"Authority","name":"Village Board"}],"groups":[],"attribution":null,"provenance":"Published SAVRN record; source status retained, not newly reverified here."},{"id":"9f98fee26bcb578f","state":"WI","tracker":"delay","section":"county_restrictions","title":"Wausau","summary":"City Council approved a first-of-its-kind data center zoning ordinance for Wausau: restricts data centers to medium/heavy-industrial zones (none permitted by right), requires a conditional use permit with water/power/noise/light review by the Plan Commission, and mandates a minimum 200 ft separation from residential areas.","scope":"city: Wausau","status":"in_force","date":"2026-07-14","sources":[{"url":"https://wifc.com/2026/07/14/wausau-city-council-approves-data-center-ordinance/","label":"wifc.com"}],"parties":[{"role":"Authority","name":"City Council"}],"groups":[],"attribution":null,"provenance":"Published SAVRN record; source status retained, not newly reverified here."},{"id":"477299baafe80b07","state":"WI","tracker":"delay","section":"utility_actions","title":"We Energies","summary":"We Energies filed an application in March 2025 seeking approval of Very Large Customer and Bespoke Resources Tariffs for large data center customers. On April 24, 2026, the Public Service Commission of Wisconsin modified and approved the tariffs, including a 15-year minimum initial term, a 100 MW eligibility threshold, transmission-cost-shifting revisions, removal of a capacity-only option, a Full-Benefits resource model, and additional reporting requirements.","scope":"Record-specific: WI","status":"approved","date":"2025-03","sources":[{"url":"https://psc.wi.gov/Documents/PressReleases/04.24.2026PressRelease.PDF","label":"psc.wi.gov"}],"parties":[{"role":"Named utility / authority","name":"We Energies"}],"groups":["utility:tariff:approved"],"attribution":null,"provenance":"Published SAVRN record; source status retained, not newly reverified here."},{"id":"8b74b857f211fa23","state":"WI","tracker":"delay","section":"utility_actions","title":"We Energies","summary":"The Public Service Commission of Wisconsin unanimously approved a special rate plan governing how data center-scale customers in We Energies’ service territory pay for electricity and infrastructure built to serve their demand. The PSC modified the proposal by extending required agreements from 10 to 15 years, lowering the qualifying demand threshold from 500 megawatts to 100 megawatts, requiring eligible customers to subscribe, and removing a capacity-only subscription option.","scope":"Record-specific: WI","status":"approved","date":null,"sources":[{"url":"https://www.wpr.org/news/state-regulators-change-we-energies-data-center-rate-proposal-to-protect-customers","label":"www.wpr.org"}],"parties":[{"role":"Named utility / authority","name":"We Energies"}],"groups":["utility:tariff:approved"],"attribution":null,"provenance":"Published SAVRN record; source status retained, not newly reverified here."},{"id":"4b8f10b414687805","state":"WI","tracker":"delay","section":"utility_actions","title":"We Energies (WEPCO)","summary":"The Public Service Commission issued a preliminary decision on We Energies’ proposed Very Large Customer rate structure, finding that the proposed tariff did not sufficiently protect households and other businesses from increased utility bills and taking action to address those deficiencies.","scope":"Record-specific: WI","status":"pending","date":"2026-04-24","sources":[{"url":"https://www.wpr.org/wp-content/uploads/2026/04/QUOTE-SHEET_-PSC-Decision-on-We-Energies-Rate-Structure-3.pdf","label":"www.wpr.org"}],"parties":[{"role":"Named utility / authority","name":"We Energies (WEPCO)"}],"groups":["utility:tariff:pending"],"attribution":null,"provenance":"Published SAVRN record; source status retained, not newly reverified here."},{"id":"56df7317f7b392db","state":"WI","tracker":"delay","section":"county_restrictions","title":"Winnebago County","summary":"Announced June 16, 2026, Winnebago County (Wisconsin) Executive Gordon Hintz introduced a proposed 12-month data center moratorium that would initially cover four towns (Nekimi, Neenah, Omro, Algoma). It will be taken up by the county's Planning and Zoning Committee in July and, if approved there, advance to the full County Board. There is no specific data center proposal in the county currently; Update 2026-08-21: The Winnebago County Board approved a 12-month moratorium on data center development in the towns where the county controls zoning. It applies only to the towns of Algoma, Omro, Neenah and Nekimi. The source, published August 21, 2026, does not state the exact vote date or count, so the event date here is the report date. (Previously recorded as pending, dated 2026-06-16.)","scope":"county: Winnebago County","status":"in_force","date":"2026-08-21","sources":[{"url":"https://fox11online.com/news/local/winnebago-county-to-pursue-12-month-data-center-moratorium","label":"fox11online.com"},{"url":"https://www.whby.com/?p=185367","label":"www.whby.com"}],"parties":[{"role":"Authority","name":"Board of Supervisors/County Commission"}],"groups":[],"attribution":null,"provenance":"Published SAVRN record; source status retained, not newly reverified here."},{"id":"fbf33f025d17bc1f","state":"WI","tracker":"delay","section":"utility_actions","title":"Wisconsin Electric Power Co. and Wisconsin Gas LLC (We Energies)","summary":"We Energies filed a rate request with the Public Service Commission of Wisconsin that includes a Customer Protection Plan requiring data centers to pay nearly $1.9 billion in 2027 and 2028 toward the infrastructure, equipment, and energy needed to serve them. The filing states that these data-center costs will not be passed on to other customers.","scope":"Record-specific: WI","status":"pending","date":null,"sources":[{"url":"https://news.we-energies.com/we-energies-rate-filing-focuses-on-reliability-protecting-customers-and-supporting-wisconsins-economy/","label":"news.we-energies.com"}],"parties":[{"role":"Named utility / authority","name":"Wisconsin Electric Power Co. and Wisconsin Gas LLC (We Energies)"}],"groups":["utility:rate case:pending"],"attribution":null,"provenance":"Published SAVRN record; source status retained, not newly reverified here."},{"id":"124399acbd7a554c","state":"WI","tracker":"delay","section":"utility_actions","title":"Wisconsin Electric Power Company (WEPCO)","summary":"The Public Service Commission of Wisconsin approved, subject to conditions, WEPCO’s proposed Very Large Customer and Bespoke Resources tariffs. The Commission extended the contract term to 15 years and required minimum billing demand charges based on forecasted or actual demand, whichever is higher.","scope":"Record-specific: WI","status":"approved","date":"2026-04-24","sources":[{"url":"https://www.jdsupra.com/legalnews/regulators-in-wisconsin-and-minnesota-3343661/","label":"www.jdsupra.com"}],"parties":[{"role":"Named utility / authority","name":"Wisconsin Electric Power Company (WEPCO)"}],"groups":["utility:tariff:approved"],"attribution":null,"provenance":"Published SAVRN record; source status retained, not newly reverified here."},{"id":"9d22a2aeb195e4fc","state":"WI","tracker":"delay","section":"utility_actions","title":"Wisconsin Electric Power Company (We Energies)","summary":"We Energies proposed linked Very Large Customer and Bespoke Resources tariffs for very large data-center loads. The Wisconsin Public Service Commission approved the tariffs on 2026-04-24 with modifications, including lowering the eligibility threshold to 100 MW, extending the minimum term to 15 years, rejecting the capacity-only option, and adding cost-allocation and reporting requirements.","scope":"Record-specific: WI","status":"approved","date":"2025-03","sources":[{"url":"https://cleanenergyforum.yale.edu/2026/06/25/we-energies-data-center-tariff","label":"cleanenergyforum.yale.edu"}],"parties":[{"role":"Named utility / authority","name":"Wisconsin Electric Power Company (We Energies)"}],"groups":["utility:tariff:approved"],"attribution":null,"provenance":"Published SAVRN record; source status retained, not newly reverified here."},{"id":"dde2390c69924c91","state":"WI","tracker":"delay","section":"utility_actions","title":"Xcel Energy","summary":"Xcel Energy filed a proposal with the Public Service Commission of Wisconsin to establish a Large Load Tariff for new customers or significant load expansions of 100 MW or greater, including potential new data centers. The proposal would require these customers to pay all costs needed to serve them and include 15-year commitments, financial security provisions, exit fees, and minimum monthly payments.","scope":"Record-specific: WI","status":"pending","date":"2026-06-22","sources":[{"url":"https://newsroom.xcelenergy.com/news/releases-20260622","label":"newsroom.xcelenergy.com"}],"parties":[{"role":"Named utility / authority","name":"Xcel Energy"}],"groups":["utility:tariff:pending"],"attribution":null,"provenance":"Published SAVRN record; source status retained, not newly reverified here."},{"id":"e09c79ad3db16d88","state":"WI","tracker":"moratorium","section":"local","title":"12-month data center moratorium","summary":"The Village Board voted unanimously on Aug. 12, 2026 to bar all data center development for 12 months, extendable by six months, while a permanent ordinance is written. No proposal was pending.","scope":"Local: Village of Bellevue","status":"enacted","date":"2026-08","sources":[{"url":"https://www.nbc26.com/bellevue/village-of-bellevue-bans-data-center-development-for-12-months","label":"www.nbc26.com"}],"parties":[{"role":"Jurisdiction","name":"Village of Bellevue"}],"groups":["restriction:local:enacted"],"attribution":null,"provenance":"Published SAVRN record; source status retained, not newly reverified here."},{"id":"734fd94028341ac3","state":"WI","tracker":"moratorium","section":"local","title":"12-month data center moratorium","summary":"The Cottage Grove Village Board unanimously approved a 12-month data center moratorium on July 20, 2026, becoming one of three Dane County municipalities to pause data centers.","scope":"Local: Village of Cottage Grove","status":"enacted","date":"2026-07","sources":[{"url":"https://www.wmtv15news.com/2026/07/20/cottage-grove-considers-temporary-ban-data-centers-follows-growing-trend-statewide/","label":"www.wmtv15news.com"}],"parties":[{"role":"Jurisdiction","name":"Village of Cottage Grove"}],"groups":["restriction:local:enacted"],"attribution":null,"provenance":"Published SAVRN record; source status retained, not newly reverified here."},{"id":"9fa928579bf6e19b","state":"WI","tracker":"moratorium","section":"local","title":"12-month data center moratorium (10,000 sq ft+)","summary":"The Madison City Council approved a 12-month moratorium on Jan. 13, 2026 on zoning approvals for new data centers over 10,000 sq ft, to develop regulatory standards.","scope":"Local: City of Madison","status":"enacted","date":"2026-01","sources":[{"url":"https://www.cityofmadison.com/dpced/about/temporary-data-center-moratorium","label":"www.cityofmadison.com"}],"parties":[{"role":"Jurisdiction","name":"City of Madison"}],"groups":["restriction:local:enacted"],"attribution":null,"provenance":"Published SAVRN record; source status retained, not newly reverified here."},{"id":"375f029130348bd2","state":"WI","tracker":"moratorium","section":"local","title":"12-month moratorium on new data centers","summary":"The Oshkosh Common Council unanimously approved Ordinance 26-38 on September 8, 2026, establishing a 12-month moratorium on new data centers. The moratorium runs 12 months after publication unless the council ends it earlier, giving the city time to draft zoning and regulatory standards.","scope":"Local: Oshkosh","status":"enacted","date":"2026-09","sources":[{"url":"https://www.wbay.com/2026/09/09/oshkosh-common-council-passes-temporary-moratorium-data-centers/","label":"www.wbay.com"}],"parties":[{"role":"Jurisdiction","name":"Oshkosh"}],"groups":["restriction:local:enacted"],"attribution":null,"provenance":"Published SAVRN record; source status retained, not newly reverified here."},{"id":"98de8d31bfd06c50","state":"WI","tracker":"moratorium","section":"local","title":"18-month data center moratorium","summary":"The County Board voted unanimously on April 29, 2026 to bar the county from accepting applications or issuing permits for data center construction or siting for 18 months, after the towns of Two Creeks, Two Rivers and Mishicot requested it.","scope":"Local: Manitowoc County","status":"enacted","date":"2026-04","sources":[{"url":"https://www.wpr.org/news/manitowoc-county-board-approves-18-month-data-center-moratorium","label":"www.wpr.org"}],"parties":[{"role":"Jurisdiction","name":"Manitowoc County"}],"groups":["restriction:local:enacted"],"attribution":null,"provenance":"Published SAVRN record; source status retained, not newly reverified here."},{"id":"1eae3d6650182a35","state":"WI","tracker":"moratorium","section":"local","title":"Committee directs drafting of data center moratorium resolution","summary":"The Eau Claire County Committee on Administration voted unanimously on September 8, 2026 to develop a resolution adopting a moratorium on data centers for a limited time. The county administrator said the timeframe and other details were still to be set.","scope":"Local: Eau Claire County","status":"proposed","date":"2026-09","sources":[{"url":"https://www.yahoo.com/news/us/articles/eau-claire-county-enact-moratorium-035900375.html","label":"www.yahoo.com"}],"parties":[{"role":"Jurisdiction","name":"Eau Claire County"}],"groups":["restriction:local:proposed"],"attribution":null,"provenance":"Published SAVRN record; source status retained, not newly reverified here."},{"id":"0c67dadae5dac0e9","state":"WI","tracker":"moratorium","section":"local","title":"County data center moratorium (declined)","summary":"The Planning, Development and Transportation Committee unanimously declined on June 2, 2026 to pursue a countywide moratorium, noting every municipality in the county has its own zoning; a subcommittee was formed instead.","scope":"Local: Brown County","status":"failed","date":"2026-06","sources":[{"url":"https://dailyreporter.com/2026/06/03/brown-county-declines-data-center-moratorium-zoning/","label":"dailyreporter.com"}],"parties":[{"role":"Jurisdiction","name":"Brown County"}],"groups":["restriction:local:failed"],"attribution":null,"provenance":"Published SAVRN record; source status retained, not newly reverified here."},{"id":"4efd296b41cadd58","state":"WI","tracker":"moratorium","section":"local","title":"County moratorium on data centers","summary":"Board voted 30-1 to approve 12-month moratorium. No data center proposals had been received. Chairman Jerry Guth said moratorium would allow time to review and update antiquated zoning codes. Part of broader Wisconsin trend (~24 communities with moratoriums). The measure has no documented term.","scope":"Local: Green County","status":"enacted","date":null,"sources":[{"url":"http://www.beloitdailynews.com/news/local-news/green-county-joins-the-growing-list-of-wisconsin-counties-passing-data-center-moratoriums/article_644bfc7d-ebfb-4fa4-8ac7-c46b9d28d300.html","label":"www.beloitdailynews.com"}],"parties":[{"role":"Jurisdiction","name":"Green County"}],"groups":["restriction:local:enacted"],"attribution":null,"provenance":"Published SAVRN record; source status retained, not newly reverified here."},{"id":"9baf377f17b48199","state":"WI","tracker":"moratorium","section":"local","title":"County moratorium on data centers","summary":"Marathon County Board adopted 12-month moratorium in late August 2026. Applies to 18 townships under county jurisdiction. Does not apply to existing data centers or facilities under 5,000 sq ft. Blocks new conditional use permits, zoning changes, and zoning permits. The measure has no documented term and applies at a threshold of 5,000 sq ft.","scope":"Local: Marathon County","status":"enacted","date":null,"sources":[{"url":"https://www.centralwinews.com/main/2026/06/02/marathon-county-to-consider-data-center-moratorium/?destination=tribune-phonograph","label":"www.centralwinews.com"}],"parties":[{"role":"Jurisdiction","name":"Marathon County"}],"groups":["restriction:local:enacted"],"attribution":null,"provenance":"Published SAVRN record; source status retained, not newly reverified here."},{"id":"d41ed6223bfeed81","state":"WI","tracker":"moratorium","section":"local","title":"County moratorium on data centers","summary":"County Board passed 12-month moratorium in voice vote at Aug 18, 2026 meeting. Applies to townships of Algoma, Neenah, Nekimi, and Omro. Cities must adopt own regulations. Preemptive, no known data center proposals in county. The measure has no documented term.","scope":"Local: Winnebago County","status":"enacted","date":null,"sources":[{"url":"https://fox11online.com/news/local/winnebago-county-to-pursue-12-month-data-center-moratorium","label":"fox11online.com"}],"parties":[{"role":"Jurisdiction","name":"Winnebago County"}],"groups":["restriction:local:enacted"],"attribution":null,"provenance":"Published SAVRN record; source status retained, not newly reverified here."},{"id":"844ad5858c872078","state":"WI","tracker":"moratorium","section":"local","title":"County moratorium on data centers for a stated term","summary":"Ordinance 07-2026-0 amends the county zoning code to enact an 18-month moratorium on receipt of applications and the granting of all zoning permits or approvals for siting or placement of data centers. Effective on publication; runs 18 months from publication or until the board amends or rescinds it, whichever comes first. Publication date not recorded, so no end date is stored. The measure has a stated duration whose end date is not recorded.","scope":"Local: Sauk County","status":"enacted","date":"2026-09","sources":[{"url":"https://www.co.sauk.wi.us/resolutions/07-2026-0","label":"www.co.sauk.wi.us"}],"parties":[{"role":"Jurisdiction","name":"Sauk County"}],"groups":["restriction:local:enacted"],"attribution":"AI GridWatch moratorium tracker, CC BY 4.0 (aigridwatch.com)","provenance":"Published SAVRN record; source status retained, not newly reverified here."},{"id":"47a591fadc2e8900","state":"WI","tracker":"moratorium","section":"local","title":"County moratorium on data centers for a stated term","summary":"County board adopted an 18-month temporary moratorium on development of large data centers and associated infrastructure, to give staff time to draft setback, permitting and performance standards. Zoning committee had recommended it 5-0 on Jul 15. Source is meeting coverage, not the county's own ordinance; end date is not stated in it. The measure has a stated duration whose end date is not recorded.","scope":"Local: Sawyer County","status":"enacted","date":"2026-08","sources":[{"url":"https://citizenportal.ai/articles/9605659/Wisconsin/Sawyer-County/Sawyer-County-adopts-18-month-moratorium-on-large-data-centers","label":"citizenportal.ai"}],"parties":[{"role":"Jurisdiction","name":"Sawyer County"}],"groups":["restriction:local:enacted"],"attribution":"AI GridWatch moratorium tracker, CC BY 4.0 (aigridwatch.com)","provenance":"Published SAVRN record; source status retained, not newly reverified here."},{"id":"02ac37032bda8131","state":"WI","tracker":"moratorium","section":"local","title":"County moratorium on data centers through August 19, 2027","summary":"1-year moratorium on data centers; unanimous vote; preemptive action with no known proposals. Excludes un-zoned areas of Sugar Camp, Monico, Enterprise, and City of Rhinelander. The measure runs to August 19, 2027.","scope":"Local: Oneida County","status":"enacted","date":"2026-08","sources":[{"url":"https://www.wxpr.org/energy-environment/2026-08-19/oneida-county-passes-one-year-data-center-moratorium","label":"www.wxpr.org"}],"parties":[{"role":"Jurisdiction","name":"Oneida County"}],"groups":["restriction:local:enacted"],"attribution":null,"provenance":"Published SAVRN record; source status retained, not newly reverified here."},{"id":"aee74a04d13b1375","state":"WI","tracker":"moratorium","section":"local","title":"County moratorium on data centers through January 21, 2028","summary":"18-month moratorium on medium/large data centers and all battery storage; passed 10-3. Small-scale DCs (<500 kW, no crypto) exempt. Environmental concerns include trout streams in driftless area. The measure runs to January 21, 2028 and applies at a threshold of 500 kW.","scope":"Local: Monroe County","status":"enacted","date":"2026-01","sources":[{"url":"https://www.news8000.com/news/local-news/sparta/monroe-county-board-passes-18-month-moratorium-on-data-center-and-battery-storage-permits/article_c99ee674-946e-4422-b382-82f7737634d1.html","label":"www.news8000.com"}],"parties":[{"role":"Jurisdiction","name":"Monroe County"}],"groups":["restriction:local:enacted"],"attribution":null,"provenance":"Published SAVRN record; source status retained, not newly reverified here."},{"id":"2f12caa1fa8a1620","state":"WI","tracker":"moratorium","section":"local","title":"County moratorium on data centers through June 18, 2027","summary":"Board of Supervisors voted 15-0 for 12-month moratorium on hyperscale data center zoning permits in unincorporated areas. Related to collapsed $1B data center proposal. The measure runs to June 18, 2027.","scope":"Local: Grant County","status":"enacted","date":"2026-01","sources":[{"url":"https://www.telegraphherald.com/news/tri-state/article_3404fac2-9efe-4bd9-82a0-4bafd5193038.html","label":"www.telegraphherald.com"}],"parties":[{"role":"Jurisdiction","name":"Grant County"}],"groups":["restriction:local:enacted"],"attribution":null,"provenance":"Published SAVRN record; source status retained, not newly reverified here."},{"id":"7650d4a5b8a48f92","state":"WI","tracker":"moratorium","section":"local","title":"County moratorium on data centers through June 24, 2027","summary":"12-month moratorium on data centers in unincorporated towns under county zoning; does not affect cities, villages, or self-zoning towns. The measure runs to June 24, 2027.","scope":"Local: Shawano County","status":"enacted","date":"2026-01","sources":[{"url":"https://www.newmedia-wi.com/board-adopts-moratorium-data-center-development","label":"www.newmedia-wi.com"}],"parties":[{"role":"Jurisdiction","name":"Shawano County"}],"groups":["restriction:local:enacted"],"attribution":null,"provenance":"Published SAVRN record; source status retained, not newly reverified here."},{"id":"0a3550a0b812064e","state":"WI","tracker":"moratorium","section":"local","title":"County moratorium on data centers through May 26, 2027","summary":"1-year moratorium on data centers and battery energy storage in unincorporated areas; board retains option to extend. The measure runs to May 26, 2027.","scope":"Local: Door County","status":"enacted","date":"2026-01","sources":[{"url":"https://wisconsinwatch.org/2026/04/latest-wisconsin-data-center-news-you-might-have-missed/","label":"wisconsinwatch.org"}],"parties":[{"role":"Jurisdiction","name":"Door County"}],"groups":["restriction:local:enacted"],"attribution":null,"provenance":"Published SAVRN record; source status retained, not newly reverified here."},{"id":"2b2ac1debfbe57ca","state":"WI","tracker":"moratorium","section":"local","title":"Local moratorium on data centers","summary":"City of Middleton Common Council adopted data center moratorium as of Jul 1, 2026. Pauses issuance of zoning certificates for data centers. Planning department directed to draft comprehensive data center ordinance. The measure has no documented term.","scope":"Local: Middleton","status":"enacted","date":null,"sources":[{"url":"https://www.middletontimes.com/articles/2026/07/01/data-center-moratorium-adopted","label":"www.middletontimes.com"}],"parties":[{"role":"Jurisdiction","name":"Middleton"}],"groups":["restriction:local:enacted"],"attribution":null,"provenance":"Published SAVRN record; source status retained, not newly reverified here."},{"id":"b916df50f4c51b94","state":"WI","tracker":"moratorium","section":"local","title":"Local moratorium on data centers","summary":"Interim zoning ordinance blocking large data centers. Grant County; related to collapsed $1B data center proposal. The measure has no documented term.","scope":"Local: Town of Beetown","status":"enacted","date":"2026-05","sources":[{"url":"https://sustainruralwisconsin.org/data-centers","label":"sustainruralwisconsin.org"}],"parties":[{"role":"Jurisdiction","name":"Town of Beetown"}],"groups":["restriction:local:enacted"],"attribution":null,"provenance":"Published SAVRN record; source status retained, not newly reverified here."},{"id":"643f527e927e4058","state":"WI","tracker":"moratorium","section":"local","title":"Local moratorium on data centers","summary":"Data center temporary moratorium (Chapter 18 ordinance). Columbia County. The measure has no documented term.","scope":"Local: Town of Hampden","status":"enacted","date":"2026-05","sources":[{"url":"https://townofhampden.wi.gov/documents/ch-18-data-center-temporary-moratorium","label":"townofhampden.wi.gov"}],"parties":[{"role":"Jurisdiction","name":"Town of Hampden"}],"groups":["restriction:local:enacted"],"attribution":null,"provenance":"Published SAVRN record; source status retained, not newly reverified here."},{"id":"c32fbb4074e34eba","state":"WI","tracker":"moratorium","section":"local","title":"Local moratorium on data centers for a stated term","summary":"12-month moratorium, 19-0, first and second readings the same night (extended from the 10 months committee proposed). Applies only to the six towns under county zoning, Anson, Eagle Point, Hallie, Lafayette, Wheaton, Woodmohr. Coverage puts the effective date in September without naming it, so the end date is not derivable. The measure has a stated duration whose end date is not recorded.","scope":"Local: Chippewa County","status":"enacted","date":"2026-08","sources":[{"url":"http://www.leadertelegram.com/news/daily-updates/chippewa-county-board-approves-data-center-moratorium/article_91eb4e5d-9858-41ec-b515-d5d3fc97b747.html","label":"www.leadertelegram.com"}],"parties":[{"role":"Jurisdiction","name":"Chippewa County"}],"groups":["restriction:local:enacted"],"attribution":null,"provenance":"Published SAVRN record; source status retained, not newly reverified here."},{"id":"5a64d5c33607de67","state":"WI","tracker":"moratorium","section":"local","title":"Local moratorium on data centers for a stated term","summary":"2-year moratorium, unanimous. 36 sq mi in Grant County. Residents mobilized against a \\$1B proposed project. The measure has a stated duration whose end date is not recorded.","scope":"Local: Town of Cassville","status":"enacted","date":"2026-04","sources":[{"url":"https://dailyreporter.com/2026/06/05/wisconsin-counties-impose-moratoriums-on-hyperscale-data-centers/","label":"dailyreporter.com"}],"parties":[{"role":"Jurisdiction","name":"Town of Cassville"}],"groups":["restriction:local:enacted"],"attribution":null,"provenance":"Published SAVRN record; source status retained, not newly reverified here."},{"id":"7b1745a42047131e","state":"WI","tracker":"moratorium","section":"local","title":"Local moratorium on data centers through April 6, 2027","summary":"1-year moratorium restricting new data centers and telecom centers to max 10,000 sq ft; voted 4-1. Catalyst was QTS Data Centers proposal in nearby DeForest. Dane County. The measure runs to April 6, 2027 and applies at a threshold of 10,000 sq ft.","scope":"Local: Town of Westport","status":"enacted","date":"2026-04","sources":[{"url":"https://www.hngnews.com/tribune_enterprise/news/local/westport-enacts-data-center-moratorium/article_41bd7395-3dc5-4617-8fbd-72dcc27142f3.html","label":"www.hngnews.com"}],"parties":[{"role":"Jurisdiction","name":"Town of Westport"}],"groups":["restriction:local:enacted"],"attribution":null,"provenance":"Published SAVRN record; source status retained, not newly reverified here."},{"id":"502234e3282fa94d","state":"WI","tracker":"moratorium","section":"local","title":"Local moratorium on data centers through December 18, 2027","summary":"18-month pause in unincorporated areas; county stood up an ad hoc committee to study data centers, and the city of La Crosse is taking part in that work while drafting its own rules. The measure runs to December 18, 2027.","scope":"Local: La Crosse County","status":"enacted","date":"2026-06","sources":[{"url":"https://www.wxow.com/news/la-crosse-county-board-approves-data-center-moratorium/article_89162c21-3240-4d86-9e2d-8a6c3489ddc8.html","label":"www.wxow.com"}],"parties":[{"role":"Jurisdiction","name":"La Crosse County"}],"groups":["restriction:local:enacted"],"attribution":null,"provenance":"Published SAVRN record; source status retained, not newly reverified here."},{"id":"d383195f7d8cd078","state":"WI","tracker":"moratorium","section":"local","title":"Local moratorium on data centers through December 4, 2027","summary":"18-month moratorium on hyperscale data centers in county zoning areas. Advisory committee to study benefits and pitfalls. The measure runs to December 4, 2027.","scope":"Local: Dane County","status":"enacted","date":"2026-06","sources":[{"url":"https://isthmus.com/news/news/dane-county-board-approves-data-center-moratorium/","label":"isthmus.com"}],"parties":[{"role":"Jurisdiction","name":"Dane County"}],"groups":["restriction:local:enacted"],"attribution":null,"provenance":"Published SAVRN record; source status retained, not newly reverified here."},{"id":"07b5a8ef15cadf6b","state":"WI","tracker":"moratorium","section":"local","title":"Local moratorium on data centers through February 10, 2028","summary":"18-month moratorium on data-center development in county-zoned unincorporated areas, approved 29-2 by the Board of Supervisors after a public hearing. Initiated by Supervisor Cathy Houchin following constituent concerns about a Beaver Dam-area data center's impact on water. The measure runs to February 10, 2028.","scope":"Local: Dodge County","status":"enacted","date":"2026-08","sources":[{"url":"https://dailydodge.com/dodge-county-to-hold-public-hearing-on-proposed-data-center-moratorium/","label":"dailydodge.com"}],"parties":[{"role":"Jurisdiction","name":"Dodge County"}],"groups":["restriction:local:enacted"],"attribution":null,"provenance":"Published SAVRN record; source status retained, not newly reverified here."},{"id":"e18b7a4b7fbc1df5","state":"WI","tracker":"moratorium","section":"local","title":"Local moratorium on data centers through July 23, 2027","summary":"12-month moratorium on data centers over 10,000 sq ft; unanimously approved. No existing zoning codes for data centers. The measure runs to July 23, 2027 and applies at a threshold of 10,000 sq ft.","scope":"Local: Sheboygan","status":"enacted","date":"2026-01","sources":[{"url":"https://whbl.com/2026/07/23/data-center-moratorium-passes-common-council/","label":"whbl.com"}],"parties":[{"role":"Jurisdiction","name":"Sheboygan"}],"groups":["restriction:local:enacted"],"attribution":null,"provenance":"Published SAVRN record; source status retained, not newly reverified here."},{"id":"197cdb77aa511062","state":"WI","tracker":"moratorium","section":"local","title":"Local moratorium on data centers through June 2, 2027","summary":"12-month moratorium on hyperscale data centers (>100,000 sq ft and >20 MW); Plan Commission voted 7-0. The measure runs to June 2, 2027 and applies at a threshold of 100,000 sq ft.","scope":"Local: Ashwaubenon","status":"enacted","date":"2026-01","sources":[{"url":"https://www.nbc26.com/ashwaubenon/ashwaubenon-plan-commission-votes-unanimously-to-pause-hyperscale-data-center-development-for-12-months","label":"www.nbc26.com"}],"parties":[{"role":"Jurisdiction","name":"Ashwaubenon"}],"groups":["restriction:local:enacted"],"attribution":null,"provenance":"Published SAVRN record; source status retained, not newly reverified here."},{"id":"b56152d653914388","state":"WI","tracker":"moratorium","section":"local","title":"Local moratorium on data centers through September 1, 2027","summary":"1-year moratorium on medium- and large-scale data centers, 18-0, in unincorporated areas under county zoning -- does not apply to the towns of Forest, Hudson, St. Joseph, or Troy, which zone themselves. The measure runs to September 1, 2027.","scope":"Local: St. Croix County","status":"enacted","date":"2026-09","sources":[{"url":"https://www.hudsonstarobserver.com/news/st-croix-county-board-of-supervisors-approves-data-center-moratorium-unanimously/article_ffb0d3f1-77a5-43c7-8ba5-e9fd44b1aa32.html","label":"www.hudsonstarobserver.com"}],"parties":[{"role":"Jurisdiction","name":"St. Croix County"}],"groups":["restriction:local:enacted"],"attribution":null,"provenance":"Published SAVRN record; source status retained, not newly reverified here."},{"id":"f7cf8bb4ab48824a","state":"WI","tracker":"moratorium","section":"local","title":"Local moratorium on data centers through September 28, 2027","summary":"City council voted unanimously for a 12-month moratorium barring the city from accepting, processing, reviewing or approving data center applications (rezoning, permits, annexation). The end date is counted from the vote; the ordinance takes effect on publication, so the true end may fall a few days later. Separate from the Town of Janesville. The measure runs to September 28, 2027 and covers rezoning requests.","scope":"Local: Janesville","status":"enacted","date":"2026-09","sources":[{"url":"https://www.gazettextra.com/news/local/janesville-city-council-approves-12-month-pause-for-data-centers/article_a2a675b4-4862-4f51-ada2-460aeee20a45.html","label":"www.gazettextra.com"}],"parties":[{"role":"Jurisdiction","name":"Janesville"}],"groups":["restriction:local:enacted"],"attribution":"AI GridWatch moratorium tracker, CC BY 4.0 (aigridwatch.com)","provenance":"Published SAVRN record; source status retained, not newly reverified here."},{"id":"a7f7ac4ffcf569cf","state":"WI","tracker":"moratorium","section":"states","title":"Moratorium on operation of data centers","summary":"Would impose a moratorium on operating data centers absent a statewide planning authority, cost-shift prohibitions, and renewable-energy requirements; AB 1099 failed pursuant to Senate Joint Resolution 1.","scope":"State: Wisconsin","status":"failed","date":"2026-03","sources":[{"url":"https://docs.legis.wisconsin.gov/2025/related/proposals/sb1061","label":"docs.legis.wisconsin.gov"}],"parties":[],"groups":["restriction:states:failed"],"attribution":null,"provenance":"Published SAVRN record; source status retained, not newly reverified here."},{"id":"1ef57a5ad557563c","state":"WI","tracker":"moratorium","section":"local","title":"One-year data center moratorium","summary":"The Superior City Council unanimously approved a one-year moratorium on data centers at its June 16, 2026 meeting, acting before receiving any application.","scope":"Local: City of Superior","status":"enacted","date":"2026-06","sources":[{"url":"https://www.wpr.org/news/superior-joins-growing-number-of-wisconsin-communities-to-pass-data-center-moratorium","label":"www.wpr.org"}],"parties":[{"role":"Jurisdiction","name":"City of Superior"}],"groups":["restriction:local:enacted"],"attribution":null,"provenance":"Published SAVRN record; source status retained, not newly reverified here."},{"id":"1a270a98a4fa2e6d","state":"WI","tracker":"moratorium","section":"local","title":"One-year data center moratorium","summary":"The Wrightstown Village Board unanimously approved a one-year data center moratorium on July 7, 2026 after a resident petition; an Aug. 11, 2026 advisory referendum then rejected a data center in the village.","scope":"Local: Village of Wrightstown","status":"enacted","date":"2026-07","sources":[{"url":"https://www.wearegreenbay.com/news/local-news/wrightstown-places-moratorium-on-data-centers/","label":"www.wearegreenbay.com"}],"parties":[{"role":"Jurisdiction","name":"Village of Wrightstown"}],"groups":["restriction:local:enacted"],"attribution":null,"provenance":"Published SAVRN record; source status retained, not newly reverified here."},{"id":"69f22ea5aa3e34d3","state":"WI","tracker":"moratorium","section":"local","title":"One-year data center moratorium (10,000 sq ft+)","summary":"The Greenville Village Board unanimously adopted a one-year moratorium on July 13, 2026 on new data centers of 10,000 sq ft or more to study impacts and develop regulations.","scope":"Local: Village of Greenville (Outagamie County)","status":"enacted","date":"2026-07","sources":[{"url":"https://www.wearegreenbay.com/news/local-news/greenville-adopts-data-center-moratorium/","label":"www.wearegreenbay.com"}],"parties":[{"role":"Jurisdiction","name":"Village of Greenville (Outagamie County)"}],"groups":["restriction:local:enacted"],"attribution":null,"provenance":"Published SAVRN record; source status retained, not newly reverified here."},{"id":"112e1e1079c890e9","state":"WI","tracker":"moratorium","section":"local","title":"One-year data center moratorium (Resolution 2026-04)","summary":"The Town of New Denmark in Brown County adopted Resolution 2026-04 on June 8, 2026, imposing a one-year moratorium on the placing of data centers within the town. The moratorium may be extended for an additional six months.","scope":"Local: Town of New Denmark","status":"enacted","date":"2026-06","sources":[{"url":"https://townofnewdenmarkwi.gov/news-and-notices/notice-of-moratorium-of-data-centers/","label":"townofnewdenmarkwi.gov"}],"parties":[{"role":"Jurisdiction","name":"Town of New Denmark"}],"groups":["restriction:local:enacted"],"attribution":null,"provenance":"Published SAVRN record; source status retained, not newly reverified here."},{"id":"6e56afd4aed59791","state":"WI","tracker":"moratorium","section":"local","title":"Proposed county moratorium on data centers","summary":"The Polk County Board of Supervisors adopted Resolution 29-26 on August 18, 2026, creating Polk County Code Ch. 42-41 and enacting a temporary moratorium on data centers. The resolution provides for a 12-month moratorium while the county develops zoning and regulatory standards.","scope":"Local: Polk County","status":"enacted","date":"2026-08","sources":[{"url":"https://www.polkcountywi.gov/government/county_board_of_supervisors/resolutions.php","label":"www.polkcountywi.gov"}],"parties":[{"role":"Jurisdiction","name":"Polk County"}],"groups":["restriction:local:enacted"],"attribution":null,"provenance":"Published SAVRN record; source status retained, not newly reverified here."},{"id":"f04d2abd046f97a9","state":"WI","tracker":"moratorium","section":"local","title":"Proposed moratorium on data center development, hearing set","summary":"The Town of Bloomer Town Board scheduled a public hearing for October 7, 2026 that includes discussion and action on a Planning Commission recommendation for a moratorium on data center development in the town.","scope":"Local: Town of Bloomer","status":"proposed","date":"2026-10","sources":[{"url":"https://www.weau.com/2026/10/03/town-bloomer-hold-public-hearing-about-data-centers/","label":"www.weau.com"}],"parties":[{"role":"Jurisdiction","name":"Town of Bloomer"}],"groups":["restriction:local:proposed"],"attribution":null,"provenance":"Published SAVRN record; source status retained, not newly reverified here."},{"id":"68e48cc43363c3ba","state":"WI","tracker":"moratorium","section":"local","title":"Proposed one-year data center moratorium","summary":"The De Pere Plan Commission approved a proposed one-year moratorium on large-scale data center development on September 28, 2026. The measure still needs final approval from the Common Council.","scope":"Local: De Pere","status":"proposed","date":"2026-09","sources":[{"url":"https://spectrumnews1.com/wi/milwaukee/news/2026/09/29/de-pere-milwaukee-data-center-moratoriums","label":"spectrumnews1.com"}],"parties":[{"role":"Jurisdiction","name":"De Pere"}],"groups":["restriction:local:proposed"],"attribution":null,"provenance":"Published SAVRN record; source status retained, not newly reverified here."},{"id":"e66086d4c7d49f01","state":"WI","tracker":"moratorium","section":"local","title":"Proposed one-year pause on new data centers","summary":"The Milwaukee City Plan Commission unanimously approved a proposed one-year data center moratorium on Sept. 28, 2026, after a Common Council committee postponed action in July over a public hearing requirement. The measure still needs final approval from the Common Council.","scope":"Local: Milwaukee","status":"proposed","date":"2026-09","sources":[{"url":"https://spectrumnews1.com/wi/milwaukee/news/2026/09/29/de-pere-milwaukee-data-center-moratoriums","label":"spectrumnews1.com"}],"parties":[{"role":"Jurisdiction","name":"Milwaukee"}],"groups":["restriction:local:proposed"],"attribution":null,"provenance":"Published SAVRN record; source status retained, not newly reverified here."},{"id":"c8953b5f4533a4b5","state":"WI","tracker":"moratorium","section":"local","title":"Proposed temporary development moratorium on data centers","summary":"The Wisconsin Rapids Planning Commission scheduled a public hearing for Oct. 5, 2026 on a temporary development moratorium for data centers within city limits, with notice posted Sept. 3, 2026. The moratorium could last up to 12 months. It has not been enacted; the outcome of the Oct. 5 hearing was not yet reported.","scope":"Local: Wisconsin Rapids","status":"proposed","date":"2026-09","sources":[{"url":"https://www.yahoo.com/news/us/articles/wisconsin-rapids-schedules-public-hearing-192158075.html","label":"www.yahoo.com"}],"parties":[{"role":"Jurisdiction","name":"Wisconsin Rapids"}],"groups":["restriction:local:proposed"],"attribution":null,"provenance":"Published SAVRN record; source status retained, not newly reverified here."},{"id":"893a3aae04278c40","state":"WI","tracker":"moratorium","section":"local","title":"Referendum requiring a public vote on large tax incentives","summary":"Voters approved the nation's first anti-data-center referendum in April 2026 with roughly 66% support, requiring that approval of tax incremental financing for any project with a base value or cost above $10 million be put to a community vote. It followed Vantage Data Centers' announcement of a $15 billion AI campus with OpenAI and Oracle; the referendum does not stop that project, which was already under construction with $458 million in approved tax benefits.","scope":"Local: Port Washington","status":"enacted","date":"2026-04","sources":[{"url":"https://www.wpr.org/news/port-washington-referendum-concerns-data-center-project","label":"www.wpr.org"}],"parties":[{"role":"Jurisdiction","name":"Port Washington"}],"groups":["restriction:local:enacted"],"attribution":null,"provenance":"Published SAVRN record; source status retained, not newly reverified here."},{"id":"bf5f897298b22196","state":"WI","tracker":"moratorium","section":"states","title":"Relating to: a sales and use tax exemption for data center equipment or software. (FE)","summary":"Wisconsin AB 302 (2023): Relating to: a sales and use tax exemption for data center equipment or software. (FE). Last action 2024-04-15: Failed to concur in pursuant to Senate Joint Resolution 1.","scope":"State: Wisconsin","status":"failed","date":"2024-04","sources":[{"url":"https://docs.legis.wisconsin.gov/2023/proposals/reg/asm/bill/ab302","label":"docs.legis.wisconsin.gov"}],"parties":[],"groups":["restriction:states:failed"],"attribution":"OpenStates v3 (openstates.org), CC BY 4.0","provenance":"Published SAVRN record; source status retained, not newly reverified here."},{"id":"1fa055042bc56cba","state":"WI","tracker":"moratorium","section":"states","title":"Relating to: modifying the sales and use tax exemption for qualified data centers. (FE)","summary":"Wisconsin SB 244 (2025): Relating to: modifying the sales and use tax exemption for qualified data centers. (FE). Last action 2026-03-23: Failed to pass pursuant to Senate Joint Resolution 1.","scope":"State: Wisconsin","status":"failed","date":"2026-03","sources":[{"url":"https://docs.legis.wisconsin.gov/2025/proposals/reg/sen/bill/sb244","label":"docs.legis.wisconsin.gov"}],"parties":[],"groups":["restriction:states:failed"],"attribution":null,"provenance":"Published SAVRN record; source status retained, not newly reverified here."},{"id":"e87712374a5a9bb6","state":"WI","tracker":"moratorium","section":"states","title":"Wisconsin AB 840 / SB 843 (Rep. Shannon Zimmerman R-River Falls, Sen. Romaine Quinn R-Birchwood), a GOP-led data center bill, passed the Assembly in January","summary":"Wisconsin AB 840 / SB 843 (Rep. Shannon Zimmerman R-River Falls, Sen. Romaine Quinn R-Birchwood), a GOP-led data center bill, passed the Assembly in January 2026 by a 53-44 mostly party-line vote (2 Democrats yes, 1 Republican no). The bill would have prevented data center operators from passing energy costs onto residential consumers, required them to pay for their own generation/transmission infrastructure, mandated closed-loop water systems, required annual water use reporting, and required reclamation bonds. However, the Wisconsin Senate adjourned without taking up AB-840, or any data center regulation bill, on the floor. Democrats and several construction unions opposed the bill due to lack of prevailing wage requirements and concerns over energy consumption. The competing Democratic Data Center Accountability Act (SB 729/AB 722) by Sen. Habush Sinykin and Rep. Stroud, requiring 70% renewable sourcing and a new very-large-customer rate class, was heard in the Senate Utilities Committee on Feb 17, 2026 but never advanced.","scope":"State: Wisconsin","status":"failed","date":"2026-01","sources":[{"url":"https://docs.legis.wisconsin.gov/2025/related/proposals/ab840.pdf","label":"docs.legis.wisconsin.gov"}],"parties":[],"groups":["restriction:states:failed"],"attribution":null,"provenance":"Published SAVRN record; source status retained, not newly reverified here."},{"id":"5db6a8a411191d98","state":"WI","tracker":"moratorium","section":"states","title":"Wisconsin: Governor Tony Evers signed Assembly Bill 140 (now 2025 Wisconsin Act 16), which created statutory exceptions from the standard 12% equalized-value","summary":"Governor Tony Evers signed Assembly Bill 140 (now 2025 Wisconsin Act 16), which created statutory exceptions from the standard 12% equalized-value cap on Tax Increment Districts specifically for TID No. 5 in Port Washington and TID No. 10 in Beaver Dam, but only if all project costs are tied to a 'certified data center.' This carve-out paved the way for the Vantage data center's $458 million TID financing structure, which would otherwise have been impossible under standard TID law. Critics argue the state-level subsidy was passed before residents had any meaningful chance to weigh in.","scope":"State: Wisconsin","status":"enacted","date":"2025-07","sources":[{"url":"https://docs.legis.wisconsin.gov/2025/related/acts/16","label":"docs.legis.wisconsin.gov"}],"parties":[],"groups":["restriction:states:enacted"],"attribution":null,"provenance":"Published SAVRN record; source status retained, not newly reverified here."},{"id":"d9aeb06afb1cc48b","state":"WI","tracker":"moratorium","section":"states","title":"Wisconsin: Two Wisconsin PSC dockets address data center rate structures.","summary":"Two Wisconsin PSC dockets address data center rate structures. Docket 6630-TE-113: We Energies proposed a 'Very Large Customer' rate class for customers with electricity demands above 500 MW (targeting hyperscale data centers like Microsoft in Mount Pleasant). Over 200 people joined virtual hearings on Feb 10-11, 2026, with ~85% of speakers voicing concerns about the proposal, urging that tech companies pay their full share of infrastructure costs. Critics argue the proposal would only require data centers to pay 75% of infrastructure costs, leaving 25% subsidized by the public. Docket 6680-TE-115: Alliant Energy's Individual Contract Rate Agreement to serve a data center campus in Beaver Dam (widely assumed to be Meta). The PSC required Alliant to refile the contract with fewer redactions after advocates raised transparency concerns. A coalition of 42 environmental justice, faith, conservation, and community organizations submitted formal comments voicing concerns about the proposals. On April 24, 2026 the Wisconsin PSC adopted a \"full-benefits\" model requiring data centers to pay 100% of their costs, extended the minimum term to 15 years, and lowered the threshold from 500 MW to 100 MW (removing the 75% capacity-only option), a ratepayer-protection win.","scope":"State: Wisconsin","status":"proposed","date":"2026-02","sources":[{"url":"https://psc.wi.gov/Documents/PressReleases/04.24.2026PressRelease.PDF","label":"psc.wi.gov"}],"parties":[],"groups":["restriction:states:proposed"],"attribution":null,"provenance":"Published SAVRN record; source status retained, not newly reverified here."},{"id":"3444375a101841bb","state":"WI","tracker":"permits","section":"air_permits","title":"AMERITECH HOWELL DATA CENTER","summary":"Facility listing; a permit or issuance date may not be recorded.","scope":"Facility: Oak Creek","status":"Not recorded","date":null,"sources":[{"url":"https://echodata.epa.gov/echo/echo_rest_services.get_facility_info?output=JSON&p_fn=DATA%20CENTER&responseset=1000","label":"echodata.epa.gov"},{"url":"https://echo.epa.gov/detailed-facility-report?fid=110005416022","label":"echo.epa.gov"}],"parties":[],"groups":[],"attribution":"U.S. EPA ECHO","provenance":"Published SAVRN record; source status retained, not newly reverified here."},{"id":"6fc22742becb826a","state":"WI","tracker":"permits","section":"substations","title":"Elm Road-Racine Transmission Line Project","summary":"The PSC Final Decision dated September 14, 2026 authorizes ATC to build the Elm Road-Racine 345 kV project (estimated $63,959,000), which the applicant said is needed partly to serve a new large data center load in southeastern Wisconsin.","scope":"Facility: Milwaukee, Racine","status":"approved","date":"2026-09-14","sources":[{"url":"https://apps.psc.wi.gov/ERF/ERFview/viewdoc.aspx?docid=610399","label":"apps.psc.wi.gov"}],"parties":[{"role":"Named utility","name":"American Transmission Company LLC"}],"groups":[],"attribution":"Public Service Commission of Wisconsin","provenance":"Published SAVRN record; source status retained, not newly reverified here."},{"id":"43f5aae106976d17","state":"WI","tracker":"permits","section":"air_permits","title":"MICROSOFT CORPORATION - MKE 3B DATA CENTER","summary":"Facility listing; a permit or issuance date may not be recorded.","scope":"Facility: Mount Pleasant","status":"Operating","date":null,"sources":[{"url":"https://echodata.epa.gov/echo/echo_rest_services.get_facility_info?output=JSON&p_fn=DATA%20CENTER&responseset=1000","label":"echodata.epa.gov"},{"url":"https://echo.epa.gov/detailed-facility-report?fid=110071538060","label":"echo.epa.gov"}],"parties":[],"groups":[],"attribution":"U.S. EPA ECHO","provenance":"Published SAVRN record; source status retained, not newly reverified here."},{"id":"2b23adc92b6209f3","state":"WI","tracker":"permits","section":"air_permits","title":"Microsoft Mount Pleasant Data Centers, 4800 90th Street","summary":"Wisconsin DNR noticed a 28 Apr 2026 virtual public hearing on Microsoft construction permit 25-MIN-133 and operation permit 25230249A-F05, covering larger and new fire pumps and changes to fuel usage and emission limits at the Mount Pleasant data centers.","scope":"Facility: Mount Pleasant","status":"Public notice","date":null,"sources":[{"url":"https://dnr.wisconsin.gov/calendar/hearing/121621","label":"dnr.wisconsin.gov"}],"parties":[],"groups":[],"attribution":"Wisconsin Department of Natural Resources","provenance":"Published SAVRN record; source status retained, not newly reverified here."},{"id":"115129d047f94161","state":"WI","tracker":"permits","section":"substations","title":"Ozaukee County Distribution Interconnection Project","summary":"ATC filed a new CPCN application (PSC REF# 610442, received 9/14/2026) for two double-circuit 345 kV lines to a new Decker Substation in Port Washington and related substations, to serve the Vantage Lighthouse data center.","scope":"Facility: Ozaukee, Sheboygan, Washington, Fond du Lac, Calumet, Manitowoc","status":"filed","date":"2026-09-14","sources":[{"url":"https://apps.psc.wi.gov/ERF/ERFview/viewdoc.aspx?docid=610442","label":"apps.psc.wi.gov"}],"parties":[{"role":"Named utility","name":"American Transmission Company LLC"}],"groups":[],"attribution":"American Transmission Company LLC (filed with PSC of Wisconsin)","provenance":"Published SAVRN record; source status retained, not newly reverified here."},{"id":"c7b0d6e225c4168d","state":"WI","tracker":"permits","section":"air_permits","title":"Vantage Data Centers Lighthouse campus","summary":"Wisconsin DNR issued minor source construction permit 25-MIN-094 and initial operation permit 24618528A-F01 on 12 Jun 2026 for 45 diesel emergency generators at the Vantage Lighthouse data center, after a 3 Mar to 14 Apr 2026 comment period and 14 Apr hearing.","scope":"Facility: Port Washington","status":"Issued","date":"2026-06-12","sources":[{"url":"https://dnr.wisconsin.gov/topic/EIA/Portwashington.html","label":"dnr.wisconsin.gov"}],"parties":[],"groups":[],"attribution":"Wisconsin Department of Natural Resources","provenance":"Published SAVRN record; source status retained, not newly reverified here."},{"id":"4157cf76b6d65b0a","state":"WI","tracker":"water","section":"measures","title":"Data center standards sent to City Council","summary":"Recommends supplemental standards requiring data centers to use the lowest amount of water allowable for cooling as technology advances, along with water use, noise, light and air standards. The committee approved its recommendations on Sep 16, 2026 and forwarded them to City Council.","scope":"local: Eau Claire, Wisconsin","status":"proposed","date":"2026-09-16","sources":[{"url":"https://www.weau.com/2026/09/17/sustainability-committee-approves-data-center-considerations/","label":"www.weau.com"}],"parties":[{"role":"Jurisdiction","name":"Eau Claire, Wisconsin"}],"groups":["water:siting:proposed"],"attribution":null,"provenance":"Published SAVRN record; source status retained, not newly reverified here."},{"id":"52d3503b7b7a29d2","state":"WI","tracker":"water","section":"measures","title":"Large energy customer fees; electric utility very large customer class; a renewable resource tariff; building requirements for data centers","summary":"As introduced, would require each city, village, town, or county to have data center owners or operators record and report actual water usage within one year of operation and annually after, with the local government posting the figure online or by class 1 notice. It would also require a water utility to notify the Public Service Commission when a new or expanding customer would account for 25 percent of the utility's total water usage. AB722. Failed to pass pursuant to Senate Joint Resolution 1 on Mar 23, 2026; Representative Johnson was added as a coauthor on Apr 6, 2026, after the bill had failed. Water is two sections of a bill that is otherwise about electricity tariffs.","scope":"state: Wisconsin","status":"proposed","date":"2026-04-06","sources":[{"url":"https://docs.legis.wisconsin.gov/2025/proposals/reg/asm/bill/ab722","label":"docs.legis.wisconsin.gov"}],"parties":[{"role":"Jurisdiction","name":"Wisconsin"}],"groups":["water:disclosure:proposed"],"attribution":null,"provenance":"Published SAVRN record; source status retained, not newly reverified here."},{"id":"3d11e7d09b3698e1","state":"WI","tracker":"water","section":"measures","title":"Large energy customer fees; very large customer class; building requirements","summary":"No requirement took effect. The official history records the bill as failing to pass pursuant to Senate Joint Resolution 1 on March 23, 2026, the same outcome the tracker already shows for its Assembly companion AB 722. This corrects a stale status and did not occur after September 9.","scope":"state: Wisconsin","status":"failed","date":"2026-03-23","sources":[{"url":"https://docs.legis.wisconsin.gov/2025/proposals/reg/sen/bill/sb729","label":"docs.legis.wisconsin.gov"}],"parties":[{"role":"Jurisdiction","name":"Wisconsin"}],"groups":["water:disclosure:failed"],"attribution":null,"provenance":"Published SAVRN record; source status retained, not newly reverified here."},{"id":"0d06b92b967fdc00","state":"WI","tracker":"water","section":"measures","title":"One-year pause on data center applications","summary":"Would stop city processing of data center applications for one year or until permanent zoning rules are adopted, citing demands on energy and water infrastructure. Sponsored by Alderwoman Marina Dimitrijevic with three colleagues. The City Plan Commission approved the ordinance unanimously on Sep 28, 2026; it goes next to the Common Council's Zoning, Neighborhoods and Development Committee, and it takes effect only if the Common Council passes it.","scope":"local: Milwaukee, Wisconsin","status":"proposed","date":"2026-09-28","sources":[{"url":"https://www.fox6now.com/news/milwaukee-city-plan-commission-approves-data-center-moratorium","label":"www.fox6now.com"}],"parties":[{"role":"Jurisdiction","name":"Milwaukee, Wisconsin"}],"groups":["water:moratorium:proposed"],"attribution":null,"provenance":"Published SAVRN record; source status retained, not newly reverified here."},{"id":"dabd0296a8769724","state":"WI","tracker":"water","section":"measures","title":"Statewide moratorium conditioned on a protections package","summary":"Would have prohibited data center operation in Wisconsin until the legislature enacted a package of protections, including a statewide data center planning authority and bans on shifting data center energy costs, water costs and energy infrastructure costs onto residential customers. The draft was introduced on Feb 26, 2026 as Senate Bill 1061 by Senators Larson and Carpenter and failed to pass pursuant to Senate Joint Resolution 1 on Mar 23, 2026, when the session's general business floor period ended. The explicit ban on shifting water costs to households is unusual: most bills address electricity rates only.","scope":"state: Wisconsin","status":"failed","date":"2026-03-23","sources":[{"url":"https://docs.legis.wisconsin.gov/2025/proposals/reg/sen/bill/sb1061","label":"docs.legis.wisconsin.gov"}],"parties":[{"role":"Jurisdiction","name":"Wisconsin"}],"groups":["water:moratorium:failed"],"attribution":null,"provenance":"Published SAVRN record; source status retained, not newly reverified here."}],"groups":{"restriction:local:enacted":["197cdb77aa511062","c32fbb4074e34eba","9fa928579bf6e19b","1ef57a5ad557563c","d383195f7d8cd078","07b5a8ef15cadf6b","0a3550a0b812064e","2f12caa1fa8a1620","4efd296b41cadd58","502234e3282fa94d","98de8d31bfd06c50","9baf377f17b48199","2b2ac1debfbe57ca","aee74a04d13b1375","02ac37032bda8131","375f029130348bd2","6e56afd4aed59791","893a3aae04278c40","7650d4a5b8a48f92","e18b7a4b7fbc1df5","b56152d653914388","b916df50f4c51b94","5a64d5c33607de67","643f527e927e4058","7b1745a42047131e","e09c79ad3db16d88","734fd94028341ac3","69f22ea5aa3e34d3","1a270a98a4fa2e6d","d41ed6223bfeed81","112e1e1079c890e9","844ad5858c872078","47a591fadc2e8900","f7cf8bb4ab48824a"],"restriction:local:failed":["0c67dadae5dac0e9"],"restriction:local:proposed":["e66086d4c7d49f01","c8953b5f4533a4b5","68e48cc43363c3ba","f04d2abd046f97a9","1eae3d6650182a35"],"restriction:states:enacted":["5db6a8a411191d98"],"restriction:states:proposed":["d9aeb06afb1cc48b"],"restriction:states:failed":["a7f7ac4ffcf569cf","e87712374a5a9bb6","1fa055042bc56cba","bf5f897298b22196"],"water:moratorium:failed":["dabd0296a8769724"],"water:disclosure:proposed":["52d3503b7b7a29d2"],"water:disclosure:failed":["3d11e7d09b3698e1"],"water:moratorium:proposed":["0d06b92b967fdc00"],"water:siting:proposed":["4157cf76b6d65b0a"],"delay:environmental_review:litigation_active":["debb467bcb4d5430"],"delay:litigation:litigation_active":["debb467bcb4d5430"],"delay:community_opposition:litigation_active":["debb467bcb4d5430"],"delay:litigation:active_litigation":["e199a6213982873d"],"delay:environmental_review_challenge:active_litigation":["e199a6213982873d"],"delay:regulatory_collateral_dispute:active_litigation":["e199a6213982873d"],"delay:corporate_reassessment:construction_partially_paused":["18d12b7d0ac7dea8"],"delay:design_changes:construction_partially_paused":["18d12b7d0ac7dea8"],"delay:community_opposition:under_council_consideration":["28e37770792b4c08"],"delay:withdrawal:cancelled":["ea733b19fc76a19b"],"delay:village_infeasibility_finding:cancelled":["ea733b19fc76a19b"],"delay:interconnection:denied":["fd3e6fff23dec30a"],"delay:water:cancelled":["6b688ff399652711"],"delay:community_opposition:cancelled":["6b688ff399652711"],"delay:financing:cancelled":["6b688ff399652711"],"utility:special contract:approved":["c0e0e62ba225486e"],"utility:tariff:approved":["477299baafe80b07","8b74b857f211fa23","9d22a2aeb195e4fc","124399acbd7a554c"],"utility:tariff:pending":["dde2390c69924c91","4b8f10b414687805","7d0c020f1825cea4"],"utility:rate case:pending":["fbf33f025d17bc1f"],"utility:other:pending":["8f81691272c2cefc"]},"grid":[{"name":"MISO","key":"MISO","rules":[{"title":"FERC Order to Show Cause on large-load integration (MISO)","summary":"FPA Section 206 order preliminarily finding the MISO tariff unjust and unreasonable because it lacks a consistent, transparent framework for large-load application, study, cost-transparency, co-location, and operational requirements. Defines 'Large Load' as a new commercial or industrial customer at a single site with peak load of 50 MW or greater, interconnecting above 69 kV, not part of a co-location arrangement. Required a generation-adequacy informational report by July 20, 2026 and a show-cause response by…","status":"Pending ,  held in abeyance (see abeyance entry)","date":"2026-06-18","sources":[{"url":"https://www.akingump.com/en/insights/blogs/speaking-energy/ferc-issues-show-cause-order-to-midcontinent-independent-system-operator-inc","label":"www.akingump.com"}]},{"title":"MISO generation-adequacy informational report (EL26-70)","summary":"Report required by the June 18 order on how MISO will ensure adequate generation for existing and new large loads. It acknowledged that concentrated, fast-moving large-load demand requires new tools and previewed two filings: a Zero-Injection GIA (then targeted on or about July 31, 2026) and a Large Load Parallel Study Process (targeted on or about end of September 2026). It stated the region is currently resource adequate.","status":"Filed","date":"2026-07-20","sources":[{"url":"https://www.climatesolutionslaw.com/2026/07/rtos-and-isos-answer-a-national-preview-of-how-all-six-grid-operators-plan-to-respond-to-the-large-load-surge/","label":"www.climatesolutionslaw.com"}]},{"title":"MISO abeyance motion and FERC grant ,  show-cause response deadline moved to November 16, 2026","summary":"MISO (like every RTO/ISO) moved on August 3, 2026 to hold the show-cause proceeding in abeyance for up to 90 days to develop Section 205 filings; American Municipal Power opposed. Per a docket tracker updated August 23, 2026, FERC granted full abeyance on August 14, 2026, resetting MISO's response to November 16, 2026 with answers due December 16, 2026. Consequence: MISO did NOT file a substantive show-cause response on August 17, 2026.","status":"Granted ,  proceeding in full abeyance; response due November 16, 2026, answers due December 16, 2026","date":"2026-08-03","sources":[{"url":"https://www.pranavaraparla.com/FERC-Orders-June-2026/","label":"www.pranavaraparla.com"}]},{"title":"Zero-Injection Generator Interconnection Agreement (ZGIA) tariff filing","summary":"Section 205(d) filing creating a fast-track interconnection path for generation co-located with large loads behind the same point of interconnection that will not inject power onto the transmission system (injection prevented beyond transient tolerance windows; POIs on the same voltage side of the same substation treated as electrically equivalent). Per the June 29, 2026 LLWG: ZGIA generators must register as market resources; associated loads are classified as firm NITS loads paying transmission on a gross…","status":"Filed ,  pending at FERC","date":"2026-08-18","sources":[{"url":"https://www.govinfo.gov/content/pkg/FR-2026-08-24/html/2026-17246.htm","label":"www.govinfo.gov"}]},{"title":"Large Load Parallel Study Process (planned tariff filing)","summary":"A new, expedited study process for large loads conducted outside MISO's regular interconnection queue, allowing concurrent rather than sequential study of new large loads and their associated ('devoted') generation. MISO also said it intends to develop a non-firm transmission service option for large loads. Developed through the Large Load Working Group, with meetings scheduled through November 2026.","status":"Proposed ,  pre-filing; announced in MISO's July 20, 2026 informational report","date":"2026-09","sources":[{"url":"https://www.climatesolutionslaw.com/2026/07/rtos-and-isos-answer-a-national-preview-of-how-all-six-grid-operators-plan-to-respond-to-the-large-load-surge/","label":"www.climatesolutionslaw.com"}]},{"title":"Large Load Interconnection Reliability Requirements (LLWG-2026-3) tariff package","summary":"MISO-wide reliability requirements for large loads: hourly 168-hour forecasts updated hourly plus 5-minute forecasts covering 6 hours; real-time SCADA/ICCP telemetry (MW, MVAR, voltage, breaker status); PMUs at each point of withdrawal streaming IEEE C37.118 data; ramp-rate limits, voltage/frequency ride-through, and remote-disconnect capability; new tariff definitions for computational load, large load customer, and points of withdrawal. Generation over 20 MVA behind the same POI needs individual, un-netted…","status":"Tariff language drafted; filing not independently confirmed","date":"2026-06-29","sources":[{"url":"https://cdn.misoenergy.org/20260716%20LLWG%20Item%2001c%20Minutes%2020260629769037.pdf","label":"cdn.misoenergy.org"}]},{"title":"Expedited Resource Addition Study (ERAS) ,  generation fast lane","summary":"Expedited interconnection track for shovel-ready generation addressing resource adequacy, including generation serving large-load growth; MISO began its first ERAS review with 6.1 GW of projects, about 70% gas. A third-party tracker lists ERAS as sunsetting August 31, 2027 or at a 68-project cap. MISO's large-load page pairs ERAS with Expedited Project Review (EPR) for accelerating transmission solutions.","status":"Approved/operating; first cycle reviewing 6.1 GW (~70% gas)","date":"2025-06","sources":[{"url":"https://www.utilitydive.com/news/miso-eras-fast-track-interconnection-study-gas/806747/","label":"www.utilitydive.com"}]},{"title":"Attachment GGG (Merchant HVDC Connection Procedures) and Improvements (PAC-2024-6)","summary":"Attachment GGG is MISO's connection-only procedure for merchant HVDC ties: it establishes safe physical interconnection while separating physical connection from injection rights and transmission service. MISO targeted a tariff/BPM filing in Q2-Q3 2026 with FERC action and implementation expected Q4 2026. The connection-only construct has been referenced in MISO's large-load interconnection policy discussions (January 21, 2026 PAC), making it a template of interest for load-only connections.","status":"Active ,  'FERC' phase on MISO dashboard (last modified August 12, 2026)","date":"2026-05-12","sources":[{"url":"https://www.misoenergy.org/engage/MISO-Dashboard/attachment-ggg-improvements/","label":"www.misoenergy.org"}]},{"title":"2026/27 Planning Resource Auction results","summary":"Annualized capacity prices fell ~42% to $116-126/MW-day across MISO's zones (from $212-217/MW-day for 2025/26). Summer-season prices cleared at $424.30/MW-day in North/Central, $384.10 in Arkansas/Mississippi, $412.10 in Louisiana/Texas (down from $666.50 footprint-wide). Driven by a 4% increase in offered capacity including 12.2 GW of accredited solar (up 59%).","status":"Final ,  all zones cleared, no shortfalls","date":"2026-04-28","sources":[{"url":"https://www.misoenergy.org/meet-miso/media-center/2026---news-releases/misos-planning-resource-auction-shows-sufficient-capacity-for-coming-year","label":"www.misoenergy.org"}]},{"title":"2026 OMS-MISO Resource Adequacy Survey","summary":"Members plan record additions averaging ~15 GW/year of new accredited summer capacity over five years (~100 GW of new supply by 2032; ~60% wind/solar/storage, ~40% gas), against 5.1%/year load growth. Projected surpluses above the planning reserve margin: summer 2028 +11.5 GW, summer 2031 up to +39 GW (November-forecast basis); the April-forecast basis shows materially lower margins. Record 99.5% survey participation.","status":"Published","date":"2026-06-03","sources":[{"url":"https://www.utilitydive.com/news/oms-miso-survey-resource-outlook-generation/821973/","label":"www.utilitydive.com"}]},{"title":"State commissions' complaint against LRTP Tranche 2.1 benefits/cost allocation","summary":"Utility commissions from Arkansas, Louisiana, Mississippi, Montana and North Dakota asked FERC to undo the Tranche 2.1 Multi-Value Project designation, alleging MISO's modeling overstated benefits. MISO, six other state commissions, multiple utilities, the Data Center Coalition, and the governor of Iowa opposed the complaint and sought dismissal. Outcome directly affects cost allocation for the 765 kV backbone that would serve large-load growth.","status":"Pending ,  no FERC merits ruling found as of 2026-08-24","date":"2025-07-30","sources":[{"url":"https://www.utilitydive.com/news/ferc-complaint-mvp-multi-value-project-transmission/756411/","label":"www.utilitydive.com"}]},{"title":"FERC rulemaking: Interconnection of Large Loads to the Interstate Transmission System","summary":"The Secretary of Energy initiated a rulemaking in October 2025 to facilitate timely large-load interconnection ('speed to power'). FERC's June 18, 2026 response was six tailored show cause orders (including EL26-70 for MISO) rather than a single national rule, while keeping the RM26-4 docket open. Binds all six RTO/ISO regions' reform schedules.","status":"Open rulemaking docket; FERC chose targeted Section 206 show-cause orders over an immediate generic rule","date":"2026-06-18","sources":[{"url":"https://www.ferc.gov/rm26-4","label":"www.ferc.gov"}]}]}],"grid_note":"Effectively the entire state is MISO (ATC transmission in east/central; Xcel NSP-W in west) ,  not a genuine multi-RTO state.","grid_operators":["MISO"],"counts":{"moratorium":46,"water":5,"delay":59,"atlas":44,"permits":6},"record_count":160},"states":[{"id":"AL","name":"Alabama","groups":{"restriction:local:enacted":["b754e99ab4330e15","decd6891258f47ef","f0af2bd58075bd01","acf788f0940c151f","5d2b5e02877a6db1","86b6b59a0f9f25d6","c4e0ec1c77b375f6","f54b7627480545ea","e01160ee3d027689","a5568f503c16796e","672a4451f57ed71f","130f0e56bf60745e","4985760687f3ce84","03643fb450f0e606","e03f681545f8685d","7e09fb347db9cc56","3eaa5dec8cc4f32e"],"restriction:local:failed":["c8b4ae70216bc13d"],"restriction:states:proposed":["e7f13067c265e602"],"water:moratorium:enacted":["fe369e5b2f828936"],"delay:litigation:active_litigation":["588eb0c7ad945e8c"],"delay:zoning_approval_challenge:active_litigation":["588eb0c7ad945e8c"],"delay:litigation:zoning_request_paused_active_litigation":["1b2abff9a622f18f"],"delay:council_agenda_removal:zoning_request_paused_active_litigation":["1b2abff9a622f18f"],"delay:environmental_concerns:zoning_request_paused_active_litigation":["1b2abff9a622f18f"],"utility:statement:pending":["11c4e5e5098ce897"],"utility:special 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