# Alphabet / Google Data Center Capex and Sites
Source: https://savrn.com/data-center-capital-atlas/company/alphabet
Markdown alternate of the page above; the site index is https://savrn.com/llms.txt

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Named sites

25

Site-level commitments the atlas ties to Alphabet / Google

Disclosed site capital

$124B

Sum of named sites with a stated dollar figure. Not a capex total; see the spending table

Disclosed capacity

4,000 MW

Sum of named sites with a stated megawatt figure

Financing transactions

36

Transactions naming Alphabet / Google or tied to one of its sites

Spending

## Reported and guided spending

Audited, reported and guided figures as the filing or release states them. Reported lines are what was spent; guidance is what management said it expects. They are shown side by side and never combined.

| Period | Kind | Amount | As stated | Sources |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| FY2023 | reported | $32.3B | Audited purchases of property and equipment, $(32,251)M in 2023 |  |
| FY2024 | reported | $52.5B | Filing states 'During the years ended December 31, 2024 and 2025, we spent $52.5 billion and $91.4 billion on capital expenditures, respectively'; finance-lease additions were comparatively small at $313M in 2024 |  |
| FY2025 | reported | $91.4B | Audited purchases of property and equipment, $(91,447)M in 2025; finance-lease additions $1,606M in 2025, indicating Google self-builds and owns far more of its fleet than Microsoft leases |  |
| CY2026 (initial guide) | guidance | ≥$180B | Midpoint of initial range: 'Alphabet said it expects 2026 capital expenditures to be in the range of $175 billion to $185 billion', the top end more than double its 2025 capex spend |  |
| CY2026 (Q2 raised guide) | guidance | $200B | Midpoint of raised range: CFO Anat Ashkenazi raised full-year capex guidance to between $195 billion and $205 billion, up from $180 billion to $190 billion |  |
| Q2 2026 | reported | $44.9B | Q2 2026 exhibit confirms purchases of property and equipment of $(44,924)M for the quarter and $(80,598)M year-to-date, versus $(22,446)M and $(39,643)M in prior-year periods; trailing-twelve-month figure $(132,402)M; capex doubled year-over-year to a record $44.9 billion, producing negative free cash flow of $5.9 billion, the first cash-negative quarter since the 2004 IPO |  |

Named sites

## Where Alphabet / Google builds

Texas

4 sites · $43.0B disclosed

Open the Texas investment tracker →

Ohio

3 sites · $20.5B disclosed

Open the Ohio investment tracker →

Georgia

1 site · $17.0B disclosed

Open the Georgia investment tracker →

Wyoming

1 site · $17.0B disclosed

Open the Wyoming investment tracker →

South Carolina

1 site · $9.0B disclosed

Open the South Carolina investment tracker →

Iowa

3 sites · $7.0B disclosed

Open the Iowa investment tracker →

Arkansas

1 site · $4.0B disclosed

Open the Arkansas investment tracker →

Indiana

2 sites · $3.0B disclosed

Open the Indiana investment tracker →

Virginia

2 sites · $3.0B disclosed

Open the Virginia investment tracker →

Nevada

1 site · $400M disclosed

Open the Nevada investment tracker →

Minnesota

2 sites

Open the Minnesota investment tracker →

Kansas

1 site

Open the Kansas investment tracker →

Michigan

1 site

Open the Michigan investment tracker →

Oklahoma

1 site

Open the Oklahoma investment tracker →

West Virginia

1 site

Open the West Virginia investment tracker →

| Site | State | Place | Capital | MW | Status | Sources |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| Texas program (Armstrong County, Haskell County, Midlothian)Through 2027 | [Texas](https://savrn.com/data-center-capital-atlas/texas) | Armstrong County, Haskell County, and Midlothian (Ellis County) | $40.0B | n.a. | announced |  |
| Ohio operations (New Albany, Columbus, Lancaster)Cumulative since 2019 | [Ohio](https://savrn.com/data-center-capital-atlas/ohio) | New Albany, Columbus, and Lancaster | ≥$20.0B | n.a. | operating |  |
| Project Tembo (formerly Project Jade), Switchgrass Industrial Parkwith Jupiter Star Holdings LLC (Google subsidiary), Tallgrass Energy, Black Hills Energy | [Wyoming](https://savrn.com/data-center-capital-atlas/wyoming) | Cheyenne (8 miles south), Laramie County | $17.0B | 2,700 | approved |  |
| Columbia County Data Center, White Oak Technology Park (and Pumpkin Center site)with Kinetic Infrastructure Solutions (Alphabet subsidiary), Economic Development Authority of Columbia County, Georgia Power, Trammell Crow Co. (original proposer) | [Georgia](https://savrn.com/data-center-capital-atlas/georgia) | Between Appling and Harlem, Columbia County | ≥$17.0B | n.a. | approved |  |
| South Carolina: Berkeley County campus and two Dorchester County sitesThrough 2027 | [South Carolina](https://savrn.com/data-center-capital-atlas/south-carolina) | Berkeley County and Dorchester County | $9.0B | n.a. | expansion |  |
| Iowa: Council Bluffs expansion and new Cedar Rapids data centerWithin the next two years from announcement | [Iowa](https://savrn.com/data-center-capital-atlas/iowa) | Council Bluffs and Cedar Rapids | $7.0B | n.a. | expansion |  |
| Google Arkansas commitment2025-2026 | [Arkansas](https://savrn.com/data-center-capital-atlas/arkansas) | n.a. | $4.0B | n.a. | announced |  |
| Google data center campus, Botetourt Center at Greenfieldwith Appalachian Power, Western Virginia Water Authority | [Virginia](https://savrn.com/data-center-capital-atlas/virginia) | Daleville, Botetourt County | $3.0B | 300 | site work underway |  |
| Project Zodiac, Google Fort Wayne data center campuswith Hatchworks LLC (developer), Openings Mitigation Bank | [Indiana](https://savrn.com/data-center-capital-atlas/indiana) | Fort Wayne, Allen County | $2.0B | n.a. | under construction |  |
| Franklin Township proposal (withdrawn)Withdrawn in September | [Indiana](https://savrn.com/data-center-capital-atlas/indiana) | Franklin Township, outside Indianapolis | $1.0B | n.a. | withdrawn |  |
| Google Project Raptor hyperscale data center (Three Way Road)with Dynamo Ventures LLC (builder and TCEQ permit applicant), City Concrete Inc. (batch plant permit) | [Texas](https://savrn.com/data-center-capital-atlas/texas) | Near Lakeside City (Three Way Road, south of FM 1954), Archer County | $1.0B | n.a. | proposed |  |
| Midlothian / Red Oak campuses (Ellis County) | [Texas](https://savrn.com/data-center-capital-atlas/texas) | Midlothian and Red Oak, Ellis County | $1.0B | n.a. | expansion |  |
| Project Rise 1A and Rise 2A data centers, Vernonwith AES (co-located clean energy) | [Texas](https://savrn.com/data-center-capital-atlas/texas) | Vernon, Wilbarger County | $1.0B | n.a. | filed |  |
| Lima data center | [Ohio](https://savrn.com/data-center-capital-atlas/ohio) | Lima | $500M | n.a. | announced |  |
| Nevada campuses (Storey and Clark counties)In-year investment; cumulative since 2019 | [Nevada](https://savrn.com/data-center-capital-atlas/nevada) | Storey and Clark counties | ≥$400M | n.a. | expansion |  |
| Project Cannoli data center (east of Haggerty Road, north of the I-94 North Service Drive)with Panattoni (developer), DTE Energy (proposed 2.7 GW renewable and storage portfolio) | [Michigan](https://savrn.com/data-center-capital-atlas/michigan) | Van Buren Township, Wayne County | n.a. | 1,000 | proposed |  |
| Google Buffalo data center campus (Putnam County)with Putnam County Development Authority | [West Virginia](https://savrn.com/data-center-capital-atlas/west-virginia) | Buffalo, Putnam County | n.a. | n.a. | announced |  |
| Google Chesterfield campuses: Project Peanut (Meadowville), Project Skye (Moseley Road) and Project Loch (Watkins Centre Parkway)with Dominion Energy, Chesterfield County | [Virginia](https://savrn.com/data-center-capital-atlas/virginia) | Chesterfield County (Meadowville Technology Park and western Chesterfield), Chesterfield County | n.a. | n.a. | under construction |  |
| Google Project Dazzler data center campus (Franklin Furnace, Green Township)with Tilted Gate LLC (Google-affiliated development entity) | [Ohio](https://savrn.com/data-center-capital-atlas/ohio) | Franklin Furnace, Scioto County | n.a. | n.a. | under construction |  |
| Potential Google data center, Salix (MidAmerican Energy site)with MidAmerican Energy | [Iowa](https://savrn.com/data-center-capital-atlas/iowa) | Salix, Woodbury County | n.a. | n.a. | exploratory |  |
| Project Clydesdale data center campus, near Cherokee Industrial Parkwith Beale Infrastructure, Public Service Company of Oklahoma, Tulsa Regional Chamber | [Oklahoma](https://savrn.com/data-center-capital-atlas/oklahoma) | Unincorporated Tulsa County, west of Owasso, Tulsa County | n.a. | n.a. | under construction |  |
| Project Helium (Sharon)Development agreement approved 31 August 2026 | [Kansas](https://savrn.com/data-center-capital-atlas/kansas) | Sharon, Barber County | n.a. | n.a. | announced |  |
| Project Skyway, Pine Islandwith Ryan Cos. | [Minnesota](https://savrn.com/data-center-capital-atlas/minnesota) | Pine Island | n.a. | n.a. | halted |  |
| Proposed Google data center near Duane Arnold Energy Center (Palo)with NextEra Energy, City of Palo, Linn County | [Iowa](https://savrn.com/data-center-capital-atlas/iowa) | Palo (unincorporated Linn County, possible annexation), Linn County | n.a. | n.a. | proposed |  |
| Proposed Google hyperscale data center, Hermantownwith Mortenson Development, Minnesota Power, City of Hermantown | [Minnesota](https://savrn.com/data-center-capital-atlas/minnesota) | Hermantown, St. Louis County | n.a. | n.a. | proposed |  |

Financing

## Financing transactions

Transactions that name Alphabet / Google as a party or attach to one of its named sites. Amounts are as stated; overlapping commitments are never summed.

| Parties | Instrument | Amount | Date | Site | Sources |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| Anthropic + Google + Google CloudCNBC referenced Anthropic's $200 billion commitment to Google Cloud in coverage of the SpaceX capacity deal. | other | $200B | referenced May 2026 | n.a. |  |
| AlphabetIn June 2026 Alphabet issued a combination of Class A stock, Class C stock and mandatory convertible preferred stock for aggregate net proceeds of $49.6 billion, to be used for general corporate purposes, including capital expenditures. | equity raise | $49.6B | June 2026 | n.a. |  |
| AlphabetAlphabet sold a ten-tranche US dollar bond with maturities from 2028 to 2066. Reuters, citing Bloomberg News, reported on 6 August 2026 that Alphabet was seeking up to $25 billion to fund AI infrastructure and capital expenditures. The issue followed Alphabet's raise of its 2026 capex guidance to $195 billion to $205 billion on 22 July 2026 | senior notes | $25.0B | Issued August 2026; legal opinion exhibit to Form 8-K dated 10 August 2026 | n.a. |  |
| Crux AI + Blackstone + Google + Goldman Sachs + Sumitomo Mitsui Banking Corp + Barclays + BNP Paribas + Bank of Nova ScotiaBanks provided a $22 billion loan to Crux AI, the Blackstone and Google cloud venture, to buy Google TPUs. Blackstone provided $5 billion of initial equity, recorded as blackstone-google-tpu-jv-2026. The venture plans to bring its first 500 MW online in 2027 | debt facility | $22.0B | Reported by Reuters 16 September 2026, citing a source | n.a. |  |
| Alphabet Inc.Alphabet sold $20.0 billion of senior unsecured notes in seven tranches maturing from 2029 to 2066, paired the same week with a sterling offering. | senior notes | ~$20.0B | Backfill (not previously recorded). Final prospectus supplement filed 11 February 2026; settlement on or about 13 February 2026 | n.a. |  |
| Nexus Data Centers + Morgan Stanley + Google + AnthropicA Morgan Stanley-led bank group is lending about $15 billion to Nexus Data Centers for the Hubbard, Texas campus leased to Anthropic, with Google guaranteeing Anthropic's lease and power-payment obligations in exchange for a reported stake of about 20% in the project. DigitalToday, citing Cryptopolitan, reported the lenders planned to sell the debt into the bond market once funded, and Bloomberg reported Nexus may refinance the bank debt with high-yield bonds later in 2026 Eagle Point said on 19 August 2026 that its HoldCo loan completed the capital structure for the first Hubbard phase and allowed Nexus to reach final investment decision, and Bloomberg reported the $1.3 billion mezzanine piece sits within a roughly $16 billion package | construction loan | ~$15.0B | Reported 30 July 2026 by the Wall Street Journal, confirmed by CNBC; plan to sell the debt into the bond market reported 4 to 5 August 2026 | Nexus Data Centers Hubbard AI campus (Anthropic anchor tenant) (TX) |  |
| Alphabet (Google) + IntersectAlphabet completed its acquisition of Intersect, a developer of renewable energy, on 10 March 2026 for $5.9 billion after purchase price adjustments. Alphabet's Form 10-Q says the acquisition enables acceleration of data center capacity and energy development, that Intersect is a variable interest entity of which Alphabet is the primary beneficiary, and that its results are consolidated from closing. | acquisition | $5.9B | Completed 10 March 2026 (Alphabet Form 10-Q for the quarter ended 30 June 2026) | n.a. |  |
| Blackstone + GoogleBlackstone announced a joint venture with Google to create a new United States company offering data center capacity, operations, networking and Google Cloud Tensor Processing Units as a compute-as-a-service offering, with an initial $5 billion equity commitment from Blackstone. The company is led by Benjamin Treynor Sloss, most recently Google's chief programs officer, and expects to bring a first 500 MW of capacity online in 2027. The venture has since been publicly named Crux AI, and has hired Alan Duong, Meta's vice president and head of data center engineering and construction. Reporting places the internal project codename as Project Braid and a stated scaling ambition of 2 GW over time. On 8 September 2026 Bloomberg reported that the venture has hit delays at major data center locations intended to run Google's chips, including a site under development in Cheyenne, Wyoming, and that executives involved now put the probability of projects meeting delivery dates at about 50%, down from about 90% three years ago, citing organized opposition, switchgear supply shortages and skilled labor constraints. The 500 MW 2027 target is the figure the parties have stated; the delay reporting is secondary and the parties have not confirmed a revised date. | jv equity | $5.0B | Announced 18 May 2026; venture publicly named Crux AI September 2026; site delays reported 8 September 2026 | n.a. |  |
| Alphabet + IntersectAlphabet agreed to acquire data center company Intersect for $4.75 billion in cash and the assumption of debt in December 2025. | acquisition | $4.8B | December 2025 | n.a. |  |
| TeraWulf + Morgan Stanley + Fluidstack + GoogleNotes fund expansion at the Lake Mariner campus in Barker, New York. | senior notes | $3.2B | priced October 16, 2025; closing October 23, 2025 | Lake Mariner campus (NY) |  |
| US Department of Energy (Office of Energy Dominance Financing) + NextEra Energy + GoogleDOE closed a loan of up to $1.9 billion to NextEra Energy to restart the 615 MW Duane Arnold Energy Center in Linn County, Iowa, pending NRC licensing approvals. NextEra targets restart no later than the first quarter of 2029 and said the Iowa Utilities Commission issued a construction and operation certificate in June 2026. Neither DOE nor NextEra mentioned Google in the loan releases; mgrid.org reported that Google holds a 25-year agreement for the plant's output for its cloud and AI infrastructure | doe loan | $1.9B | Loan closed 8 September 2026 | n.a. |  |
| Black Hills Corp. + GoogleBlack Hills signed a Large Power Contract Services Agreement and a Generation Facilities Agreement, effective 30 September 2026 with terms through 2048, to serve a planned Google data center in Cheyenne, Wyoming. The project is to be served by a total resource mix of 2.7 GW including reserve margins: up to 590 MW of grid-connected service from 564 MW of new gas generation that a non-regulated Black Hills affiliate will build at the Cheyenne Prairie Generating Station plus market energy, and about 2.1 GW of Wyoming-based third-party contracted resources managed through a private microgrid under Black Hills' Large Power Contract Service tariff. Energy service is planned to begin in late 2027 and ramp to peak load in 2030. Black Hills says Google bears all costs of serving the data center and expects the project to contribute about $150 million of net income in 2030. The release does not name the Google campus; the atlas tracks Google's 2.7 GW Project Tembo south of Cheyenne (google-project-tembo-laramie-wy). | power supply agreement | $1.8B | Agreements effective 30 September 2026; announced Tuesday 6 October 2026 (Black Hills release and Form 8-K) | n.a. |  |
| Google + FluidstackGoogle lease backstop supporting the Anthropic/Fluidstack buildout. | backstop | $1.4B | n.a. | n.a. |  |
| Nexus Data Centers + Eagle Point Credit Management + Morgan Stanley + Google + Anthropic (anchor tenant) + Transition Equity PartnersEagle Point led a $1.3 billion HoldCo loan for Nexus Data Centers' 2,900-acre campus in Hubbard, Texas, completing the first-phase capital structure and taking the project to final investment decision. The campus has its own gas-fired generation, and Anthropic is the expected anchor tenant. Nexus is backed by Transition Equity Partners | debt facility | ~$1.3B | Announced 19 August 2026 | Nexus Data Centers Hubbard AI campus (TX) |  |
| Google + Monroe County Development AuthorityMonroe County approved a plan for splitting more than $1.2 billion that Google offered to pay over the construction phase and the subsequent two decades for a proposed data center. Year-one payments total $31 million, split $14.5 million to the county, $14.5 million to the school district and $1.8 million to the development authority. By year 20 annual payments reach $77 million, split $29 million to the county, $43.5 million to the school district and $4.6 million to the development authority. The structure relies on ownership by the Monroe County Development Authority, which would lease the facility back to Google, exempting it from standard private property taxes and replacing those levies with contractual payments distributed through the lease. The project still requires further clearances, including confirmation of the site location within Monroe County and adherence to job-creation targets. Google purchased 950 acres in Monroe County for $42 million in October 2025. | other | ≥$1.2B | Revenue-split plan approved by Monroe County 8 September 2026; land purchased October 2025 | Google Monroe County campus (GA) |  |
| Google + SpaceXOn June 5, 2026, Google agreed to rent access to approximately 110,000 GPUs from SpaceX beginning October 2026 through June 2029 for $920 million per month, making xAI's Memphis complex function partly as merchant AI capacity. | lease | ~$920M | agreed June 5, 2026; term October 2026 through June 2029 | n.a. |  |
| Google + Entergy ArkansasRecords reported by the Arkansas Democrat-Gazette show Google will pay Entergy Arkansas $526 million up front toward Cypress Solar, a 600 MW solar and 350 MW battery facility in Jefferson County that supports the grid serving Google's $4 billion West Memphis data center, plus $190 million for transmission upgrades. The terms sit within a special rate contract the Arkansas Public Service Commission approved in December 2025, and Entergy sought to stop further publication of the records. Entergy later characterized the full 20-year value at about $2.103 billion | utility special rate contract | ≥$716M | Reported by the Arkansas Democrat-Gazette on 31 August 2026 from records obtained under the Arkansas FOIA; special rate contract approved by the Arkansas PSC in December 2025 | Google Arkansas commitment (AR) |  |
| Google + Entergy ArkansasPublic Service Commission records obtained through a Freedom of Information Act request show Google will pay Entergy Arkansas $526 million up front toward Cypress Solar, a 600 MW solar and 350 MW battery facility in Jefferson County that will feed the grid serving Google's $4 billion West Memphis data center. The Arkansas PSC approved the special rate contract in December. Entergy sued the publishers over the disclosure on 1 September 2026, a federal judge declined to block further reporting, and Entergy voluntarily dismissed the complaint without prejudice on 16 September 2026. | Special rate contract with upfront generation and transmission payments | ≥$526M | Contract documents reported 31 August 2026; Entergy full-term estimate reported 4 September 2026 | Google Arkansas commitment (AR) |  |
| Appalachian Power (AEP) + GoogleAppalachian Power's 4 September 2026 SCC application estimates $264 million to upgrade transmission lines and substations to serve Google's Botetourt County campus, with peak demand of about 300 MW. The utility said other customers are not expected to pay more because the new load's revenue offsets the cost, and cited the Ratepayer Protection Pledge under which Google agrees to pay for delivery upgrades. | other | ~$264M | Application filed with the Virginia SCC 4 September 2026; reported 16 September 2026 | Google data center campus, Botetourt Center at Greenfield (VA) |  |
| Google + Kairos PowerGoogle's Kairos Power agreement will enable up to 500 MW of new 24/7 carbon-free power to U.S. electricity grids, with the initial phase intended to bring Kairos Power's first SMR online by 2030 and additional reactor deployments through 2035. | ppa | n.a. | First SMR online by 2030; additional reactor deployments through 2035 | n.a. |  |
| Google + Kairos Power + TVAKairos Power's Hermes 2 Plant in Oak Ridge, Tennessee will deliver up to 50 MW to the TVA grid that powers Google data centers in Tennessee and Alabama, with output increased from 28 MW to 50 MW and operations scheduled to begin in 2030; Hermes 2 is the first deployment under the Kairos-Google deal to enable 500 MW of advanced nuclear capacity by 2035. | ppa | n.a. | Scheduled to begin operations in 2030 | n.a. |  |
| Anthropic + GoogleA cloud deal worth tens of billions giving Anthropic access to up to one million TPUs and more than a gigawatt of capacity in 2026. | other | n.a. | October 2025 | n.a. |  |
| Anthropic + Google + BroadcomAnthropic signed a new agreement with Google and Broadcom for multiple gigawatts of next-generation TPU capacity, with the vast majority of the new compute to be sited in the United States, described as a major expansion of the November 2025 $50 billion American infrastructure commitment. | other | n.a. | April 2026 | n.a. |  |
| Google + Fervo EnergyFervo Energy and Google signed a 396 MW power purchase agreement for the Cape Station enhanced geothermal project in Utah, announced 1 September 2026 and reported by Fervo as the largest enhanced geothermal power purchase agreement signed to date. Google will purchase carbon-free energy described as a foundational building block for a potential data center in Utah; the facility is not named or located in the release. The agreement carries an option for Google to expand offtake by approximately 600 MW, for a total of nearly 1 GW, by June 2030. Cape Station is expected to come online in 2028. | ppa | n.a. | Announced 1 September 2026 | n.a. |  |
| Google + Cypress Creek EnergyGoogle will invest in and buy energy and storage from the Steel River Energy Center in Mississippi County, Arkansas, developed with Cypress Creek Energy and described by Google as its largest solar and battery project. The full three-phase project is 2.5 GWdc of solar and 2.9 GWh of storage, with initial phases of 1.6 GWdc and 1.9 GWh and completion expected in 2029. Google tied the project to nearby AI data centers and a Greater West Memphis Energy Impact Fund | ppa | n.a. | Groundbreaking announced 14 July 2026 | n.a. |  |
| Google + Lincoln Electric System + NextEra EnergyLincoln Electric System and Google agreed a 20-year contract under which up to 202 MW of capacity from NextEra's 304 MW Panama Energy Center near Hallam, Nebraska, is sold to Google and then to LES to support resource adequacy for Google's data center north of Lincoln, operating since fall 2025. Google is also paying for 423 MW of wind energy from Bluestem Wind and Great Western Wind to support the new load. The City of Lincoln said it is not seeking more data centers for the foreseeable future | ppa | n.a. | Reported 23 August 2026; 20-year contract starting November 2026 | n.a. |  |
| Georgia Power + GoogleGeorgia Power and Google announced on 21 September 2026 an agreement, subject to Georgia Public Service Commission approval, under which Google will support extended power uprates on Georgia Power's owned portion of the nuclear units at Plants Vogtle and Hatch, adding about 96 MW of capacity. Google will subscribe to a new Nuclear Uprate (NU-1) tariff and receive Zero-Emission Credits for the carbon-free attributes of the uprated output. The filings, in Georgia PSC Dockets 44280 and 56002, also ask the commission to approve a new extended power uprate for Hatch Units 1 and 2; the Vogtle Units 1 and 2 uprate was approved in the 2025 Integrated Resource Plan. Georgia Power projects about $900 million of benefits to customers over the life of the units. Google's payment amount was not disclosed. | tariff agreement | n.a. | Filed at the Georgia PSC and announced 21 September 2026; subject to PSC approval | n.a. |  |
| Google + DTE Energy (DTE Electric)Google announced plans for a new data center in DTE Energy's Michigan service territory, served by 2.7 GW of new clean resources under a Clean Capacity Acceleration Agreement with DTE (the same structure as Google's Clean Transition Tariff), plus a $10 million Energy Impact Fund; Google said it is evaluating a site in Van Buren Township. Planet Detroit reports the project is 1 GW, with DTE promising 1.6 GW of renewables, up to 480 MW of storage and demand response, a 20-year contract, and the first contested case for a hyperscale data center before the Michigan Public Service Commission. DTE's investor presentation lists the 1 GW Google agreement as executed and in the MPSC approval process, as upside to its capital plan. On Thursday 1 October 2026 the Michigan Public Service Commission unanimously approved, with conditions, DTE Electric's special contracts with Google LLC in Case No. U-22058: a primary supply agreement with a 20-year term, a minimum billing demand of 80% of contract capacity, an early termination payment ensuring at least 15 years of minimum monthly charges, and credit and collateral requirements; and a clean capacity accelerator agreement under which Google pays for DTE Electric to develop up to 1,600 MW of renewable energy and 480 MW of battery storage. DTE Electric expects service to begin in December 2027 and maximum load by December 2028. It is the first hyperscale data center contract in Michigan decided through a contested case; Attorney General Dana Nessel had sought a 90% minimum billing demand. No contract value was disclosed. | power supply agreement | n.a. | Announced 17 March 2026 (Google blog); DTE special contracts approved with conditions by the Michigan Public Service Commission on 1 October 2026 (Case No. U-22058) | Project Cannoli data center (east of Haggerty Road, north of the I-94 North Service Drive) (MI) |  |
| Alphabet Inc.Alphabet sold GBP 5.5 billion of senior unsecured notes in five tranches, including a 100-year tranche due 2126. | senior notes | n.a. | Backfill (not previously recorded). Final prospectus supplement filed 12 February 2026; settlement on or about 13 February 2026 | n.a. |  |
| Alphabet Inc.Alphabet sold EUR 9.0 billion of senior unsecured notes in six tranches maturing from 2030 to 2063, alongside a Canadian dollar offering filed the same day. | senior notes | n.a. | Backfill (not previously recorded). Final prospectus supplement filed 7 May 2026; settlement on or about 11 May 2026 | n.a. |  |
| Alphabet Inc.Alphabet sold C$8.5 billion of Maple bonds in four tranches maturing from 2031 to 2056. | senior notes | n.a. | Backfill (not previously recorded). Final prospectus supplement filed 7 May 2026; settlement on or about 11 May 2026 (interest accrues from 15 May 2026) | n.a. |  |
| Alphabet Inc.Alphabet sold JPY 576.5 billion of senior unsecured yen notes in seven tranches maturing from 2029 to 2066. | senior notes | n.a. | Backfill (not previously recorded). Final prospectus supplement filed 18 May 2026; settlement on or about 21 May 2026 | n.a. |  |
| Google + Elementl PowerGoogle committed early-stage development capital to Elementl Power to pre-position three US sites for advanced nuclear projects, each expected to generate at least 600 MW, with Google holding an option for commercial offtake once complete. Elementl, a technology-agnostic nuclear developer, said it aims to bring more than 10 GW online in the US by 2035. Elementl separately announced a project of up to 1.5 GW in Letart Township, Meigs County, Ohio in June 2026, but its project page does not tie that site to Google. | power supply agreement | n.a. | Announced 7 May 2025 (Elementl Power release) | n.a. |  |
| Google + Constellation EnergyGoogle signed a 20-year power purchase agreement with Constellation Energy to bring 890 MW of new nuclear capacity onto the PJM grid through turbine, steam generator and digital control upgrades at 11 Constellation units in Illinois, Pennsylvania and New Jersey, with the first uprate expected by 2028. Constellation said it will invest more than $4.3 billion in the uprates. In a separate agreement Constellation will supply Google with 2,700 MW over 15 years through PJM, and the companies agreed a framework to evaluate new clean generation across the US. The deal follows Amazon's 690 MW Calvert Cliffs agreement of 30 September 2026. | ppa | n.a. | Announced Tuesday 6 October 2026 (Google and Constellation joint release; Chicago Tribune and Quartz via Yahoo Finance) | n.a. |  |
| Google + NV Energy + Fervo EnergyThe Public Utilities Commission of Nevada approved the Clean Transition Tariff agreed by Google, NV Energy and Fervo Energy, a first-of-its-kind rate under which NV Energy buys power from Fervo's 115 MW Corsac Station enhanced geothermal project, under development, and supplies it to Google's data centers in Nevada, with Google paying a premium so the cost of the new resource is not passed to other customers. Fervo said the project may be expanded given interest from other companies. | power supply agreement | n.a. | Tariff and supply agreement filed with the PUCN in June 2024; PUCN approval reported 19 May 2025 (ThinkGeoEnergy); exact order date not in the fetched source | n.a. |  |
| Google + VoltusGoogle became the first named customer of Voltus's bring-your-own-capacity program, under which a hyperscaler finances a virtual power plant of batteries, demand response and other distributed resources in the region where it needs data center power, and Voltus delivers the contracted capacity to the load-serving entity. Voltus will procure up to 100 MW of distributed flexible capacity for Google's data centers in PJM; the companies called it the first instance of a hyperscaler directly funding a VPP. Voltus launched the program in September 2025 with Cloverleaf Infrastructure and said its VPPs come online in 2027. | power supply agreement | n.a. | Backfill (not previously recorded). Announced 2 June 2026 (Latitude Media) | n.a. |  |

The record

## Sourced facts on Alphabet / Google

- Roughly 60% of Q2 2026 technical infrastructure investment went into servers, with the remaining 40% split across data centers and networking equipment.
- The Texas announcement includes a new $30 million Energy Impact Fund and more than 6,200 megawatts of new energy generation and capacity contracted to date through power purchase agreements.
- DCD's roundup corroborates the $9bn South Carolina figure alongside $4bn in Arkansas.
- Google's Kairos Power agreement will enable up to 500 MW of new 24/7 carbon-free power to U.S. electricity grids, with the initial phase intended to bring Kairos Power's first SMR online by 2030, followed by additional reactor deployments through 2035.
- In Ohio, Google is running a first-of-its-kind initiative to aggregate 100 megawatts of distributed capacity annually into a virtual power plant on the PJM grid.
- Google is reported to be eyeing a site in Palo, Iowa to bypass Linn County regulations.
- A discrete 2024-2026 Google Virginia dollar commitment is n.a. from fetched sources.
- Delayed or paused capacity for Google in MW is n.a.; confirmed blocked or withdrawn announced dollars are $1B (Franklin Township) plus an indefinite court-ordered halt at Pine Island.
- On 18 May 2026 Blackstone announced a joint venture with Google to create a new United States company offering data center capacity, operations, networking and Google Cloud TPUs as compute-as-a-service, with an initial $5 billion equity commitment from Blackstone and a first 500 MW of capacity targeted online in 2027. The venture is led by Benjamin Treynor Sloss.

Sources

## Sources for Alphabet / Google

Every source cited on this page, once each. The full atlas source register is at [Capital Atlas sources](https://savrn.com/data-center-capital-atlas/sources).

- blog.google[Google](https://blog.google/company-news/inside-google/company-announcements/google-american-innovation-texas/)
- datacenterdynamics.com[DCD](https://www.datacenterdynamics.com/en/news/google-commits-40bn-to-expand-cloud-and-ai-infrastructure-in-texas-through-2027/)
- tdlr.texas.gov[TDLR TABS project TABS2026026002](https://www.tdlr.texas.gov/TABS/Search/Project/TABS2026026002)
- tdlr.texas.gov[TDLR TABS project TABS2026026118](https://www.tdlr.texas.gov/TABS/Search/Project/TABS2026026118)
- crusoe.ai[Crusoe newsroom, 28 September 2026](https://www.crusoe.ai/resources/newsroom/crusoe-developing-data-center-campus-in-armstrong-county-texas)
- theminermag.com[TheEnergyMag, 29 September 2026](https://theminermag.com/news/2026-09-29/crusoe-google-texas-ai-armstrong)
- ohiotechnews.com[Ohio Tech News](https://www.ohiotechnews.com/google-ohio-jobs-grid-innovation-investment/)
- cowboystatedaily.com[Cowboy State Daily](https://cowboystatedaily.com/2026/07/08/google-revealed-as-owner-of-wyomings-largest-data-center-now-project-tembo/)
- datacenterknowledge.com[Data Center Knowledge (August 2026 roundup)](https://www.datacenterknowledge.com/data-center-construction/new-data-center-developments-august-2026)
- oilcity.news[Oil City News (Cap City News)](https://oilcity.news/business-feature-2/2026/09/11/google-stepping-in-for-crusoe-pitches-700-acre-data-center-campus-to-laramie-county-on-wednesday/)
- yahoo.com[Augusta Chronicle via Yahoo](https://www.yahoo.com/news/us/articles/google-picks-columbia-county-data-224048564.html)
- msn.com[WRDW via MSN](https://www.msn.com/en-us/money/real-estate/columbia-county-advances-17-billion-data-center-deal/ar-AA2aYPlt)
- msn.com[WJBF via MSN](https://www.msn.com/en-us/money/technology/columbia-county-google-data-center-to-be-one-of-the-largest-in-the-country/ar-AA295Cid)
- townhall.com[Townhall](https://townhall.com/news/dmitri-bolt/2026/08/31/a-data-center-project-is-about-to-eliminate-property-taxes-in-this-georgia-county-n2682151)
- blog.google[Google](https://blog.google/company-news/inside-google/company-announcements/google-american-innovation-south-carolina/)
- blog.google[Google](https://blog.google/feed/new-7-billion-investment-iowa/)
- cardinalnews.org[Cardinal News, 16 September 2026 (Appalachian Power SCC application of 4 September 2026)](https://cardinalnews.org/2026/09/16/new-details-emerge-about-botetourt-grid-upgrades-for-google-data-center/)
- roanoke.com[Roanoke Times, 18 September 2026](https://roanoke.com/news/local/business/development/article_8035f10f-4e4a-4060-9a9f-3c666d8af366.html)
- virginiabusiness.com[Virginia Business, 30 July 2026](https://virginiabusiness.com/botetourt-board-google-data-center-commission/)
- 21alivenews.com[21Alive (WPTA)](https://www.21alivenews.com/2026/09/11/idem-approves-googles-latest-request-fill-wetlands-fort-wayne-data-center-expansion/)
- wowo.com[WOWO](https://wowo.com/google-data-center-expansion-overview-following-new-wetland-expansion-request/)
- wane.com[WANE 15, 6 October 2026](https://www.wane.com/top-stories/google-pursues-purchase-of-homes-surrounding-data-center/)
- prnewswire.com[PR Newswire / Data Center Watch](https://www.prnewswire.com/news-releases/130-billion-in-ai-data-centers-have-been-blocked-or-delayed-in-2026-302821568.html)
- newschannel6now.com[KAUZ News Channel 6, 29 September 2026](https://www.newschannel6now.com/2026/09/29/rep-james-frank-joins-archer-county-residents-opposing-purposed-data-center/)
- msn.com[KFDX (via MSN), 29 September 2026](https://www.msn.com/en-us/news/other/archer-county-residents-fight-against-proposed-google-data-center/ar-AA2dc3H2)
- msn.com[Times Record News (via MSN), 1 October 2026](https://www.msn.com/en-us/news/other/archer-county-officials-make-moves-against-data-center-plans/ar-AA2dkKHH)
- datacenterdynamics.com[DCD](https://www.datacenterdynamics.com/en/news/google-to-invest-1bn-expanding-dallas-data-centers-signs-375mw-in-solar-ppas/)
- constructionreviewonline.com[Construction Review Online](https://constructionreviewonline.com/1bn-project-rise-1a-and-rise-2a-data-centers-by-google-filed-for-development-in-vernon-texas/)
- tdlr.texas.gov[TDLR TABS filing (Project Rise 1A)](https://www.tdlr.texas.gov/TABS/Search/Project/TABS2026025053)
- tdlr.texas.gov[TDLR TABS filing (Rise 2A)](https://www.tdlr.texas.gov/TABS/Search/Project/TABS2026025297)
- blog.google[Google blog](https://blog.google/innovation-and-ai/infrastructure-and-cloud/global-network/data-center-wilbarger-county/)
- datacenterdynamics.com[DCD](https://www.datacenterdynamics.com/en/news/google-confirmed-as-company-behind-500m-data-center-in-lima-ohio/)
- thenevadaindependent.com[The Nevada Independent](https://thenevadaindependent.com/article/google-to-spend-400-million-to-expand-nevada-data-centers)
- msn.com[The Detroit News (via MSN), 25 September 2026](https://www.msn.com/en-us/news/other/wayne-co-exec-vetoes-van-buren-twps-125m-data-center-tax-break/ar-AA2cZlzV)
- msn.com[Morning Overview (via MSN), 18 March 2026](https://www.msn.com/en-us/news/us/google-confirms-it-is-behind-the-project-cannoli-data-center-plan/ar-AA1YV7Ds)
- blog.google[Google blog](https://blog.google/innovation-and-ai/infrastructure-and-cloud/global-network/clean-energy-reliability-michigan/)
- planetdetroit.org[Planet Detroit](https://planetdetroit.org/2026/09/google-dte-van-buren-data-center-contracts/)
- sec.gov[DTE Energy investor presentation (SEC)](https://www.sec.gov/Archives/edgar/data/936340/000093634026000159/dtebusinessupdate92826fi.htm)
- planetdetroit.org[Planet Detroit, 1 October 2026](https://planetdetroit.org/2026/10/dte-google-data-center-contract-approval/)
- wxyz.com[WXYZ Detroit, 1 October 2026](https://www.wxyz.com/news/wayne-county-commissioners-override-veto-to-approve-google-data-center-tax-incentives-in-van-buren-township)
- fox2detroit.com[FOX 2 Detroit](https://www.fox2detroit.com/news/wayne-county-overrides-evans-veto-tax-breaks-van-buren-data-center)
- cbsnews.com[CBS News Detroit, 1 October 2026](https://www.cbsnews.com/detroit/news/wayne-county-commissioners-warren-evans-data-center-tax-incentives/)
- thealpenanews.com[The Alpena News (MPSC release), 1 October 2026](https://www.thealpenanews.com/news/local-news/2026/10/mpsc-approves-dte-electric-contracts-for-google-data-center/)
- msn.com[CBS Detroit (via MSN)](https://www.msn.com/en-us/news/other/wayne-county-commissioners-override-warren-evans-veto-on-van-buren-township-data-center-tax-breaks/ar-AA2do96h)
- wvgazettemail.com[Charleston Gazette-Mail, 27 March 2026](https://www.wvgazettemail.com/news/putnam_county/possible-1-700-acre-google-data-center-property-location-in-buffalo-identified/article_f9b741a7-7f15-461f-8b78-6e14409f42c2.html)
- wsaz.com[WSAZ, 27 March 2026](https://www.wsaz.com/2026/03/27/google-purchases-land-potential-data-center-putnam-county/)
- wvnews.com[WV News, 3 June 2026](https://www.wvnews.com/news/wvnews/google-launches-website-for-proposed-buffalo-west-virginia-data-center-project/article_8a07fa90-1006-457b-a011-34ae56e3b31f.html)
- wchstv.com[WCHS, 29 September 2026](https://wchstv.com/news/local/resolution-sets-rules-on-hyperscale-data-center-project-in-putnam-county)
- wvmetronews.com[WV MetroNews, 30 September 2026](https://wvmetronews.com/2026/09/30/putnam-county-commission-confident-in-data-center-resolution-resident-group-appreciative-of-concerns-addressed/)
- richmond.com[Richmond Times-Dispatch](https://richmond.com/news/local/business/article_1c57384c-a167-4d2e-be1a-7124456675ee.html)
- wtvr.com[WTVR](https://www.wtvr.com/news/local-news/chesterfield-county/data-center-timeline-aug-31-2026)
- richmond.com[Richmond Times-Dispatch (zoning)](https://richmond.com/news/local/business/development/article_841f286a-87d8-4a95-9789-70e8a7e46084.html)
- vpm.org[VPM News](https://www.vpm.org/news/2026-10-01/project-peanut-google-data-center-chesterfield-deq-violations-mcgarry-bernhardt/)
- 12onyourside.com[WWBT 12 On Your Side, 5 October 2026](https://www.12onyourside.com/2026/10/05/state-regulators-allege-environmental-violations-google-data-center-site-chesterfield/)
- herald-dispatch.com[Herald-Dispatch, June 2026](https://www.herald-dispatch.com/news/ohio_news/ohio-epa-seeks-more-information-on-proposed-google-data-center/article_b3203213-7293-4407-a5b9-cd35af18a365.html)
- yahoo.com[Portsmouth Daily Times via Yahoo (open house)](https://www.yahoo.com/news/articles/google-holds-open-house-project-184700058.html)
- yahoo.com[Portsmouth Daily Times via Yahoo (stormwater permit)](https://www.yahoo.com/news/science/articles/ohio-epa-approves-stormwater-permit-011800744.html)
- yahoo.com[Portsmouth Daily Times via Yahoo (commissioners)](https://www.yahoo.com/news/articles/scioto-county-commissioners-approve-p-011700967.html)
- yahoo.com[Portsmouth Daily Times via Yahoo News (29 August 2026)](https://www.yahoo.com/news/us/articles/public-meeting-set-tilted-gate-184700270.html)
- ktiv.com[KTIV](https://www.ktiv.com/2026/08/03/google-considering-data-center-salix-iowa-according-midamerican-energy/)
- siouxcityjournal.com[Sioux City Journal](https://siouxcityjournal.com/news/local/government-politics/article_1b8940ab-6d50-4e56-aa34-e32028c2c328.html)
- krmg.com[KRMG](https://krmg.com/2026/08/19/google-and-beale-infrastructure-building-project-clydesdale-data-center-campus-in-tulsa-county/)
- newson6.com[News On 6](https://www.newson6.com/data-centers-in-oklahoma/google-data-center-campus-tulsa-county-oklahoma)
- fox23.com[FOX23](https://fox23.com/news/local/google-beale-infrastructure-share-details-around-new-data-center-campus-in-tulsa-county)
- kwch.com[KWCH](https://www.kwch.com/2026/08/31/barber-county-commission-approves-agreement-google-data-center/)
- ksn.com[KSN](https://www.ksn.com/news/state-regional/google-data-center-approved-in-barber-county/)
- kake.com[KAKE](https://www.kake.com/home/commissioners-approve-google-data-center-in-barber-county/article_3226f1da-42df-4349-87bd-1d713615555c.html)
- msn.com[KSNW via MSN](https://www.msn.com/en-us/news/news/google-s-massive-data-center-approved-in-barber-county-amidst-public-concern/ar-AA2bhSse)
- constructiondive.com[Construction Dive](https://www.constructiondive.com/news/judge-halts-google-data-center-project/822152/)
- mprnews.org[MPR News, 3 October 2026](https://www.mprnews.org/story/2026/10/03/pine-island-data-center-raises-electricity-cost-concerns-from-attorney-general-keith-ellison)
- yahoo.com[Corridor Business Journal via Yahoo](https://www.yahoo.com/news/us/articles/iowa-council-advances-google-data-085200416.html)
- iowapublicradio.org[Iowa Public Radio](https://www.iowapublicradio.org/ipr-news/2026-07-21/palo-linn-county-google-data-center-duane-arnold-nuclear-plant)
- northernnewsnow.com[Northern News Now](https://www.northernnewsnow.com/2026/07/07/hermantown-city-council-approves-data-center-reimbursements/)
- wdio.com[WDIO](https://www.wdio.com/top-stories/duluth-chamber-backs-hermantown-google-data-center-project/)
- northernnewsnow.com[Northern News Now (Chamber resolution)](https://www.northernnewsnow.com/2026/09/04/devastating-betrayal-small-businesses-cut-ties-with-duluth-chamber-over-hermantown-data-center-endorsement/)
- mprnews.org[MPR News](https://www.mprnews.org/story/2026/08/20/google-launches-a-charm-offensive-in-2-minnesota-towns-as-data-center-opposition-grows)
- fox9.com[FOX 9](https://www.fox9.com/video/fmc-gao5nqdbvpyd9f2g)
- wdio.com[WDIO (council meeting)](https://www.wdio.com/top-stories/despite-not-being-on-the-agenda-data-center-tensions-dominate-hermantown-meeting/)
- wdio.com[WDIO, 5 October 2026](https://www.wdio.com/top-stories/hermantown-city-council-approves-auar-environmental-review-for-proposed-data-center/)
- anthropic.com[Anthropic-Google/Broadcom](https://www.anthropic.com/news/google-broadcom-partnership-compute)
- cnbc.com[CNBC](https://www.cnbc.com/2026/05/06/anthropic-spacex-data-center-capacity.html)
- sec.gov[Alphabet Q2 2026 exhibit](https://www.sec.gov/Archives/edgar/data/1652044/000165204426000066/googexhibit991q22026.htm)
- sec.gov[SEC Form 8-K Exhibit 5.1](https://www.sec.gov/Archives/edgar/data/0001652044/000119312526342390/d171253dex51.htm)
- investing.com[Investing.com (Reuters)](https://www.investing.com/news/stock-market-news/alphabet-seeks-up-to-25-billion-from-its-latest-bond-sale-bloomberg-news-reports-4842298)
- globalbankingandfinance.com[Global Banking & Finance Review (Reuters)](https://www.globalbankingandfinance.com/banks-provide-22-billion-chip-loan-blackstone-alphabet-cloud/)
- finance.yahoo.com[Bloomberg (via Yahoo Finance)](https://finance.yahoo.com/technology/ai/articles/banks-line-22-billion-chip-193810192.html)
- sec.gov[Alphabet final prospectus supplement, Form 424(b)(2) (SEC)](https://www.sec.gov/Archives/edgar/data/1652044/000119312526046846/d108033d424b2.htm)
- cnbc.com[CNBC](https://www.cnbc.com/2026/07/30/nexus-data-centers-in-advanced-talks-to-secure-15b-for-google-backed-anthropic-data-center.html)
- tradingview.com[TradingView (Stocktwits, citing WSJ)](https://www.tradingview.com/news/stocktwits:01dbbca1e094b:0-googl-backs-15b-financing-for-anthropic-linked-texas-ai-campus-project-reportedly-includes-1-6gw-power-plant/)
- digitaltoday.co.kr[DigitalToday](https://www.digitaltoday.co.kr/en/view/89792/wall-street-eyes-selling-15-billion-debt-for-google-backed-anthropic-texas-data-center)
- rutlandherald.com[Company press release (Eagle Point Credit Management, Business Wire via Rutland Herald)](https://www.rutlandherald.com/news/business/eagle-point-leads-holdco-financing-for-nexus-ai-data-center-campus-in-texas/article_7388e548-8ae6-550f-91b3-3f580e102665.html)
- finance.yahoo.com[Benzinga via Yahoo Finance (citing Bloomberg)](https://finance.yahoo.com/technology/ai/articles/eagle-point-backs-1-3b-195252331.html)
- sec.gov[Alphabet Form 10-Q, quarter ended 30 June 2026](https://www.sec.gov/Archives/edgar/data/1652044/000165204426000071/goog-20260630.htm)
- blackstone.com[Blackstone press release](https://www.blackstone.com/news/press/blackstone-announces-joint-venture-with-google-to-create-new-tpu-cloud/)
- cnbc.com[CNBC](https://www.cnbc.com/2026/05/19/blackstone-google-ai-data-center-joint-venture-tpu.html)
- siliconangle.com[SiliconANGLE](https://siliconangle.com/2026/05/19/google-blackstone-launch-ai-infrastructure-joint-venture/)
- datacenterdynamics.com[DCD](https://www.datacenterdynamics.com/en/news/google-blackstones-tpu-neocloud-named-crux-ai-hires-metas-data-center-engineering-head-alan-duong/)
- bloomberg.com[Bloomberg](https://www.bloomberg.com/news/articles/2026-09-08/google-blackstone-venture-faces-delays-at-data-center-sites)
- datacenterdynamics.com[DCD](https://www.datacenterdynamics.com/en/news/google-and-blackstone-jv-experiences-delays-in-data-center-projects-report/)
- cnbc.com[CNBC](https://www.cnbc.com/2026/02/04/alphabet-resets-the-bar-for-ai-infrastructure-spending.html)
- investors.terawulf.com[TeraWulf](https://investors.terawulf.com/news-events/press-releases/detail/119/terawulf-inc-announces-pricing-of-3-2-billion-of-senior-secured-notes)
- energy.gov[US DOE](https://www.energy.gov/articles/energy-department-closes-19-billion-loan-restart-duane-arnold-nuclear-plant)
- newsroom.nexteraenergy.com[NextEra Energy](https://newsroom.nexteraenergy.com/2026-09-08-U-S-Department-of-Energy-Closes-Up-to-1-9-Billion-Loan-to-Restart-NextEra-Energys-Duane-Arnold-Energy-Center?l=12)
- mgrid.org[mgrid.org](https://mgrid.org/2026/09/08/doe-closes-1-9-billion-loan-to-restart-615-mw-at-duane-arnold/)
- sec.gov[SEC EDGAR (Black Hills Corp. Ex. 99.1, 6 October 2026)](https://www.sec.gov/Archives/edgar/data/1130464/000119312526415597/bkh-ex99_1.htm)
- sec.gov[SEC EDGAR (Black Hills Corp. Form 8-K)](https://www.sec.gov/Archives/edgar/data/1130464/000119312526415597/bkh-20261006.htm)
- markets.businessinsider.com[Black Hills Corp. release via GlobeNewswire (Markets Insider), 6 October 2026](https://markets.businessinsider.com/news/stocks/black-hills-corp-executes-definitive-agreements-to-serve-google-s-planned-data-center-in-cheyenne-wyoming-1036602771)
- datacenterdynamics.com[DCD](https://www.datacenterdynamics.com/en/news/anthropic-plans-50bn-us-data-center-spend-starting-with-fluidstack-sites-in-texas-and-new-york/)
- w.media[W.Media](https://w.media/eagle-point-loan-greenlights-first-phase-of-nexus-hyperscale-campus/)
- thenextweb.com[The Next Web](https://thenextweb.com/news/eagle-point-nexus-anthropic-texas-data-center-loan)
- finance.yahoo.com[Yahoo Finance](https://finance.yahoo.com/technology/ai/articles/nexus-data-centers-obtains-1-180019483.html)
- 13wmaz.com[13WMAZ](https://www.13wmaz.com/article/news/local/monroe-county-man-reacts-to-new-proposed-data-center/93-677d60ad-6081-442d-a73b-7ee0c2f6fa9c)
- gpb.org[Georgia Public Broadcasting](https://www.gpb.org/news/2025/10/14/google-drops-42-million-on-monroe-county-land-for-data-center-what-we-know)
- datacenterdynamics.com[DCD](https://www.datacenterdynamics.com/en/news/google-purchases-950-acres-for-potential-data-center-in-monroe-county-georgia/)
- en.wikipedia.orgWikipedia: Colossus
- arkansasonline.com[Arkansas Democrat-Gazette](https://www.arkansasonline.com/news/2026/aug/31/google-to-pay-entergy-arkansas-526-million-for/)
- finance.yahoo.com[Yahoo Finance (Insider Monkey)](https://finance.yahoo.com/energy/articles/entergy-says-google-arkansas-solar-230127052.html)
- myarklamiss.com[KARD (Nexstar), via MSN](https://www.myarklamiss.com/news/arkansas-news/entergy-arkansas-alleges-serious-and-careless-mathematical-error-in-google-west-memphis-data-center-reporting/)
- arktimes.com[Arkansas Times](https://arktimes.com/arkansas-blog/2026/09/16/entergy-dismisses-case-against-publications-citizen-over-trade-secrets-beef)
- blog.google[Google](https://blog.google/company-news/outreach-and-initiatives/sustainability/google-kairos-power-nuclear-energy-agreement/)
- kairospower.com[Kairos Power](https://www.kairospower.com/updates/google-kairos-power-tva-collaborate-to-meet-americas-growing-energy-needs)
- cnbc.com[CNBC](https://www.cnbc.com/2025/10/23/anthropic-google-cloud-deal-tpu.html)
- cnbc.com[CNBC](https://www.cnbc.com/2026/04/06/broadcom-agrees-to-expanded-chip-deals-with-google-anthropic.html)
- fervoenergy.com[Fervo Energy](https://fervoenergy.com/fervo-energy-and-google-sign-396-mw-ppa/)
- sec.gov[SEC Form 8-K EX-99.1 (Fervo Energy)](https://www.sec.gov/Archives/edgar/data/1853868/000162828026059707/exhibit991pressrelease9126.htm)
- blog.google[Google](https://blog.google/innovation-and-ai/infrastructure-and-cloud/global-network/steel-river-arkansas/)
- finance.yahoo.com[Power Technology via Yahoo Finance](https://finance.yahoo.com/energy/articles/cypress-creek-google-start-construction-085945856.html)
- omaha.com[Omaha World-Herald](https://omaha.com/news/state-regional/nebraska/article_ab9db184-33a5-5a82-9ae3-097268283458.html)
- prnewswire.com[Georgia Power press release via PR Newswire (21 September 2026)](http://www.prnewswire.com/news-releases/georgia-power-agreement-with-google-to-provide-approximately-900-million-in-projected-benefits-for-customers-and-advance-nuclear-energy-in-georgia-302885197.html)
- psc.ga.gov[Georgia PSC filing, Docket 44280](https://psc.ga.gov/search/facts-document/?documentId=228894)
- psc.ga.gov[Georgia PSC filing, Docket 56002](https://psc.ga.gov/search/facts-document/?documentId=228893)
- world-nuclear-news.org[World Nuclear News](https://www.world-nuclear-news.org/articles/google-agreement-to-support-Georgia-plant-uprates)
- clickondetroit.com[ClickOnDetroit (WDIV), 2 October 2026](https://www.clickondetroit.com/news/local/2026/10/02/state-regulators-approve-dte-contracts-for-google-data-center-in-wayne-county/)
- sec.gov[Alphabet final prospectus supplement, Form 424(b)(2) (SEC)](https://www.sec.gov/Archives/edgar/data/1652044/000119312526048730/d108423d424b2.htm)
- sec.gov[Alphabet final prospectus supplement, Form 424(b)(2) (SEC)](https://www.sec.gov/Archives/edgar/data/1652044/000119312526212210/d152073d424b2.htm)
- sec.gov[Alphabet final prospectus supplement, Form 424(b)(2) (SEC)](https://www.sec.gov/Archives/edgar/data/1652044/000119312526212222/d325417d424b2.htm)
- sec.gov[Alphabet final prospectus supplement, Form 424(b)(5) (SEC)](https://www.sec.gov/Archives/edgar/data/1652044/000119312526228923/d137872d424b5.htm)
- elementlpower.com[Elementl Power](https://www.elementlpower.com/newsroom/050725/google)
- elementlpower.com[Elementl Power (Meigs County project page)](https://www.elementlpower.com/projects/meigs-county-ohio)
- chicagotribune.com[Chicago Tribune, 6 October 2026](https://www.chicagotribune.com/2026/10/06/nuclear-capacity-constellation-google/)
- finance.yahoo.com[Quartz via Yahoo Finance, 6 October 2026](https://finance.yahoo.com/energy/articles/google-signs-4-3-billion-111947905.html)
- businesswire.com[Business Wire joint release (403 to fetch; cited for reference)](https://www.businesswire.com/news/home/20261006125246/en/Google-and-Constellation-Announce-Landmark-Agreement-to-Bring-890-MW-of-New-Nuclear-Capacity-to-PJM-Grid-as-Part-of-Long-Term-Power-Deal)
- finance.yahoo.com[Yahoo Finance (MT Newswires)](https://finance.yahoo.com/energy/articles/google-enters-20-nuclear-power-112128878.html)
- coincentral.com[CoinCentral](https://coincentral.com/constellation-energy-ceg-stock-jumps-9-after-google-nuclear-deal/)
- constructionreviewonline.com[Construction Review Online, 6 October 2026](https://constructionreviewonline.com/google-and-constellation-energy-sign-4-3b-deal-to-add-890-mw-of-nuclear-power-for-ai/)
- rttnews.com[RTTNews](https://www.rttnews.com/3696896/constellation-energy-shares-up-on-3-60-gw-power-deals-with-google-on-pjm-grid.aspx)
- thinkgeoenergy.com[ThinkGeoEnergy, 19 May 2025](https://www.thinkgeoenergy.com/nevada-approves-first-of-its-kind-geothermal-power-supply-agreement/)
- latitudemedia.com[Latitude Media, 2 June 2026](https://www.latitudemedia.com/news/google-is-voltus-first-bring-your-own-capacity-customer/)
- sec.gov[Alphabet FY2025 Form 10-K](https://www.sec.gov/Archives/edgar/data/1652044/000165204426000018/goog-20251231.htm)
- tomshardware.com[Tom's Hardware](https://www.tomshardware.com/tech-industry/big-tech/alphabet-goes-cash-flow-negative-for-the-first-time-as-ai-capex-doubles-to-44-9-billion-in-a-single-quarter)
- iowapublicradio.org[Iowa Public Radio](https://www.iowapublicradio.org/ipr-news/2026-03-04/google-data-center-palo-linn-county)

### Hyperscaler: one page each

[Alphabet / Google 25](https://savrn.com/data-center-capital-atlas/company/alphabet)[Amazon (AWS) 20](https://savrn.com/data-center-capital-atlas/company/amazon)[Apple 1](https://savrn.com/data-center-capital-atlas/company/apple)[Meta Platforms 12](https://savrn.com/data-center-capital-atlas/company/meta)[Microsoft (Azure) 16](https://savrn.com/data-center-capital-atlas/company/microsoft)[Oracle 2](https://savrn.com/data-center-capital-atlas/company/oracle)

The figure beside each provider is its count of named sites in the atlas.

Part of the [North American Data Center Capital Atlas](https://savrn.com/data-center-capital-atlas), refreshed every Tuesday, Thursday and Saturday. Site commitments overlap reported capital expenditure and overlap one another, so this page shows each figure as its source states it and never adds them into a single deployment number. Informational, not investment advice.

The SAVRN reference set

## Seven references, one system

Capital, delay, policy, water, grid, permits and scarcity are one system seen from seven sides. Each reference is primary-sourced, refreshed on a schedule, and links into the others, so a project can be followed from the money committed to the docket that stopped it.

Delay Watchlist

Project-level slippage: named projects, jurisdictional actions, utility and federal dockets, SEC disclosures, and the interconnection queue.

[Open the watchlist →](https://savrn.com/data-center-delay-tracker)

Moratorium Tracker

The policy layer: every state measure and local moratorium mapped and cited, with one page per state.

Open the tracker →

Water Tracker

Every federal, state, local and interstate water measure that touches a data center, plus a fifty-state water ledger.

Open the water tracker →

Grid Operator Watchlist

ERCOT, PJM, MISO, CAISO, SPP, NYISO, ISO-NE and FERC: the large-load rules, filings and queue positions that decide whether a site can energize.

Open the watchlist →

Permits and Power Development

Data center and substation permits, large loads in the interconnection queues, and the power plants planned to serve them, refreshed hourly from public records.

Open the permits tracker →

SAVRN Scarcity Tracker

Eleven primary-sourced indicators of AI infrastructure scarcity, one composite index, read against the token index, SAVRN's own cost basis and the frontier ceiling.

Open the scarcity tracker →

Have a specific address? Site Intelligence reads all seven references against one location, county, utility and grid operator included, and cites every finding.

[Check an address →](https://savrn.com/site-intelligence)