# Amazon Data Center Capex and Sites Source: https://savrn.com/data-center-capital-atlas/company/amazon Markdown alternate of the page above; the site index is https://savrn.com/llms.txt --- Named sites 20 Site-level commitments the atlas ties to Amazon (AWS) Disclosed site capital $128B Sum of named sites with a stated dollar figure. Not a capex total; see the spending table Disclosed capacity 532 MW Sum of named sites with a stated megawatt figure Financing transactions 19 Transactions naming Amazon (AWS) or tied to one of its sites Spending ## Reported and guided spending Audited, reported and guided figures as the filing or release states them. Reported lines are what was spent; guidance is what management said it expects. They are shown side by side and never combined. | Period | Kind | Amount | As stated | Sources | | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | | FY2023 | reported | $52.7B | Cash-flow statement purchases of property and equipment, $(52,729)M in 2023 | | | FY2024 | reported | $83.0B | Cash-flow statement purchases of property and equipment, $(82,999)M in 2024; net of proceeds and incentives, cash capital expenditures were $77.7 billion in 2024 | | | FY2025 | reported | ~$132B | Cash-flow statement purchases of property and equipment, $(131,819)M in 2025; net cash capital expenditures $128.3 billion, primarily investments in technology infrastructure, the majority to support AWS business growth, expected to increase in 2026 | | | CY2025 | guidance | $100B | Amazon guided to $100 billion for 2025 | | | CY2026 (Feb 2026 guide) | guidance | $200B | Amazon plans to double its capex spend in 2026, investing $200 billion, most of which will be funnelled into data centers for its AWS cloud division; held steady on that forecast in April | | | CY2026 (Jul 2026 guide) | guidance | $220B | In July 2026 CEO Andy Jassy said the company expects capital spending to reach $220 billion this year | | | Q2 2026 | reported | $54.2B | Capital expenditures reached $54.2 billion during the June quarter, compared with $32.1 billion a year ago | | Named sites ## Where Amazon (AWS) builds Virginia 2 sites · $35.0B disclosed Open the Virginia investment tracker → Indiana 3 sites · $33.0B disclosed Open the Indiana investment tracker → Pennsylvania 3 sites · $20.0B disclosed Open the Pennsylvania investment tracker → Mississippi 2 sites · $13.0B disclosed Open the Mississippi investment tracker → North Carolina 1 site · $10.0B disclosed Open the North Carolina investment tracker → Ohio 5 sites · $6.0B disclosed Open the Ohio investment tracker → MX-Queretaro 1 site · $5.0B disclosed Arizona 1 site · $3.6B disclosed Open the Arizona investment tracker → Texas 2 sites · $2.1B disclosed Open the Texas investment tracker → | Site | State | Place | Capital | MW | Status | Sources | | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | | AWS Virginia standing commitmentJan 2023 | [Virginia](https://savrn.com/data-center-capital-atlas/virginia) | n.a. | $35.0B | n.a. | announced | | | Project Rainier, New Carlisle / St. Joseph Countywith NIPSCO | [Indiana](https://savrn.com/data-center-capital-atlas/indiana) | New Carlisle, St. Joseph County | $26.0B | n.a. | operating | | | Pennsylvania campuses (Salem Township and Falls Township) | [Pennsylvania](https://savrn.com/data-center-capital-atlas/pennsylvania) | Luzerne and Bucks counties | ≥$20.0B | n.a. | announced | | | AWS data center campus, Energy Way Industrial Park (Airport Road), Hamletwith Duke Energy, Richmond County | [North Carolina](https://savrn.com/data-center-capital-atlas/north-carolina) | Hamlet, Richmond County | ~$10.0B | n.a. | under construction | | | Madison County data center complexes | [Mississippi](https://savrn.com/data-center-capital-atlas/mississippi) | Madison County | $10.0B | n.a. | announced | | | AWS data center campus near R.M. Schahfer Generating Station (Wheatfield)with NIPSCO (site owner), Jasper County | [Indiana](https://savrn.com/data-center-capital-atlas/indiana) | Wheatfield, Jasper County | $7.0B | n.a. | under construction | | | AWS Mexico (Central) RegionRegion first announced February 2024; launched with the $5 billion commitment on Tuesday 14 January 2025 | MX-Queretaro | Queretaro, n.a. (State of Queretaro) | ≥$5.0B | n.a. | operating | | | Wilmington campus (tabled)Permitting ordinances passed 3 September 2026; zoning initiative kept off ballot 18 September 2026 | [Ohio](https://savrn.com/data-center-capital-atlas/ohio) | Wilmington, Clinton County | $4.0B | n.a. | delayed | | | Project Blue, TucsonRejected; Tucson subsequently adopted new datacenter approval rules (reported August 2026) | [Arizona](https://savrn.com/data-center-capital-atlas/arizona) | Tucson | $3.6B | n.a. | rejected | | | Vicksburg campusTimeline presented 17 September 2026; operations targeted early 2029 | [Mississippi](https://savrn.com/data-center-capital-atlas/mississippi) | Vicksburg | $3.0B | n.a. | announced | | | Sunbury data center campus | [Ohio](https://savrn.com/data-center-capital-atlas/ohio) | Sunbury | $2.0B | n.a. | announced | | | Project Eagle campus, Bolingwith VisionFirst Advisors (consultant) | [Texas](https://savrn.com/data-center-capital-atlas/texas) | Boling, Wharton County | ~$1.2B | 75 | announced | | | GW Ranch data center and power campuswith Pacifico Energy Group (developer), Gensler (design) | [Texas](https://savrn.com/data-center-capital-atlas/texas) | Fort Stockton area, Pecos County | ~$900M | n.a. | under construction | | | Amazon data center, Faircrest Street SW (Perry Township and Canton JEDD)with Panattoni Development | [Ohio](https://savrn.com/data-center-capital-atlas/ohio) | Perry Township, Stark County | n.a. | 240 | under construction | | | Bridgefield Tech Center (former George Washington University Virginia Science and Technology Campus)with George Washington University (seller, may remain up to five years) | [Virginia](https://savrn.com/data-center-capital-atlas/virginia) | Ashburn, Loudoun County | n.a. | 217 | site plan filed | | | AWS Hobart data center campus (Hobart Tech Park and Ewen Farm)with NIPSCO, City of Hobart | [Indiana](https://savrn.com/data-center-capital-atlas/indiana) | Hobart, Lake County | n.a. | n.a. | under construction | | | AWS data center campus, Scioto Darby Road (Hilliard area) with AEP Ohio fuel cell plantwith AEP Ohio, Bloom Energy | [Ohio](https://savrn.com/data-center-capital-atlas/ohio) | Hilliard area (Norwich Township), Franklin County | n.a. | n.a. | under construction | | | AWS data centers at Homer City Energy Campus (Center and Blacklick townships)with Homer City Redevelopment LLC, FirstEnergy | [Pennsylvania](https://savrn.com/data-center-capital-atlas/pennsylvania) | Homer City area (Center and Blacklick townships), Indiana County | n.a. | n.a. | proposed | | | Kline Township campusApproved unanimously by the Kline Township Board of Supervisors on Wednesday 30 September 2026, two days after the planning commission's conditional recommendation; first presented January 2026 | [Pennsylvania](https://savrn.com/data-center-capital-atlas/pennsylvania) | Kline Township (McAdoo area), Schuylkill County | n.a. | n.a. | approved | | | New Albany five-building campus | [Ohio](https://savrn.com/data-center-capital-atlas/ohio) | New Albany | n.a. | n.a. | announced | | Financing ## Financing transactions Transactions that name Amazon (AWS) as a party or attach to one of its named sites. Amounts are as stated; overlapping commitments are never summed. | Parties | Instrument | Amount | Date | Site | Sources | | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | | OpenAI + SoftBank Group (Vision Fund 2) + Nvidia + AmazonOpenAI's $122 billion funding round, which valued the company at $852 billion, drew commitments of up to $50 billion from Amazon and $30 billion each from Nvidia and SoftBank. SoftBank paid its $30 billion in three $10 billion tranches due 1 April, 1 July and 1 October 2026, funding the last from an $11.1 billion high-yield bond sale announced 24 September 2026, which lifted its total OpenAI investment to $64.6 billion for about a 13% stake; it also repaid and closed its $40 billion bridge loan. SBS, citing The Information, reported that Nvidia also paid its final $10 billion and that Amazon's $50 billion was paid in full in July 2026. OpenAI is now reported to be seeking a further $30 billion at a $1.4 trillion valuation. | equity raise | $122B | Round agreed early 2026 (TNW: SoftBank commitment agreed late February 2026; SBS: March 2026 round); SoftBank's third and final $10 billion tranche paid 1 October 2026 Japan time, completing its $30 billion; Nvidia's final $10 billion reported paid by The Information on 1 October 2026 (relayed by SBS) | n.a. | | | Anthropic + Amazon (AWS) + AWSAnthropic committed more than $100 billion over ten years to AWS technologies, securing up to 5GW of new capacity to train and run Claude, with nearly 1GW total of Trainium2 and Trainium3 capacity coming online by end of 2026. | other | ≥$100B | April 2026 | n.a. | | | Qualcomm + Amazon (AWS)Qualcomm and Amazon announced a multi-generational partnership under which Amazon may buy up to $60 billion of Qualcomm AI data center chips and related products. The scope covers customized processors for large-scale AI inference, optical connectivity for Amazon's data center networks, and expanded use of AWS infrastructure in Qualcomm's chip-design workflow. Qualcomm granted Amazon warrants worth approximately $4 billion that vest with product purchases, exercisable at $161.26 per share. Qualcomm stated it expects the partnership to help drive its data center chip revenue to $15 billion by 2029. | other | $60.0B | Announced 8 September 2026 | n.a. | | | Amazon.com, Inc.Amazon sold $37.0 billion of senior unsecured notes in eleven tranches maturing from 2028 to 2076 under its shelf registration, for general corporate purposes. It was one of three Amazon note offerings in the first half of 2026 not previously in the atlas, alongside a euro offering the same week and a Canadian dollar offering in June. | senior notes | ~$37.0B | Backfill (not previously recorded). Priced 10 March 2026; final prospectus supplement filed 12 March 2026; settlement on or about 13 March 2026 | n.a. | | | AmazonAmazon closed an eight-tranche US dollar notes offering on 9 July 2026, maturing between 2029 and 2066. Amazon later raised its 2026 capital expenditure guidance to about $220 billion on 30 July 2026, mostly for AWS data centers | senior notes | ~$24.9B | Closed 9 July 2026 | n.a. | | | Generac Holdings + AmazonGenerac signed a long-term agreement to supply backup power generators for Amazon data centers worth up to $8 billion and issued warrants to an Amazon subsidiary that vest in stages as Amazon's purchase payments accrue, with full vesting at $8 billion of payments. 307,954 warrant shares became exercisable at signing and the warrants run through 16 September 2033 | supply agreement | ~$8.0B | Announced 16 September 2026 | n.a. | | | Cipher Mining (now Cipher Digital) + Amazon Web ServicesCipher signed a 15-year lease with Amazon Web Services to provide turnkey space and power for AI workloads, delivering 300 MW of gross capacity with air and liquid cooling in two phases from July 2026 to the fourth quarter of 2026, with rent commencing in August 2026. Cipher's November 2025 investor presentation pairs the 300 MW Black Pearl facility with Amazon Web Services in its capacity chart; the Black Pearl site record describes the tenant as an undisclosed investment-grade hyperscaler. | lease | ≥$5.5B | Announced 3 November 2025 (Cipher third quarter 2025 business update, Form 8-K exhibits) | Black Pearl Facility (TX) | | | Amazon + AnthropicAmazon is investing $5 billion in Anthropic with up to an additional $20 billion in the future, building on the $8 billion previously invested. | equity raise | $5.0B | April 2026 | n.a. | | | Amazon + AnthropicAmazon's equity investment in Anthropic reached $4 billion in March 2024, comprising an initial $1.25 billion and an additional $2.75 billion. | equity raise | $4.0B | initial September 2023 ('Last September'); completed March 2024 | n.a. | | | Amazon (Amazon Web Services)Amazon announced on Friday 2 October 2026 a community investment program pledging more than $1 billion over five years to towns and counties where it operates data centers. It covers community college tuition and fees not met by financial aid and an expansion of its Modular Training Centers from three to 25 by the end of 2028. Amazon said it had already contributed more than $1 billion to US data center communities over the prior three years, and also said it has stopped using nondisclosure agreements with government agencies on data center projects. This is community spending, not data center capital expenditure. | other | ≥$1.0B | Announced Friday 2 October 2026 | n.a. | | | Amazon + X-energy + Citadel + Ares Management + NGP + University of MichiganAmazon's Climate Pledge Fund led an approximately $500 million Series C-1 round in SMR developer X-energy, alongside Citadel founder Ken Griffin, affiliates of Ares Management, NGP and the University of Michigan. Amazon and X-energy stated a target of bringing more than 5 GW of new power projects online across the United States by 2039. | equity raise | ~$500M | Announced 16 October 2024 | n.a. | | | Amazon + Talen EnergyTalen entered a power purchase agreement to provide Amazon with 1,920 megawatts of carbon-free nuclear power through 2042 from the Susquehanna plant in Pennsylvania, at full quantity, with options to extend and exploration of SMR technology. Amazon's quote in the release ties it to the $20B Pennsylvania commitment and 1,250 jobs; Talen owns approximately 10.7 GW of power infrastructure including 2.2 GW of nuclear. | ppa | n.a. | Through 2042, with options to extend | Pennsylvania campuses (Salem Township and Falls Township) (PA) | | | Amazon + NIPSCOAmazon's November 2025 Indiana announcement included an energy agreement with NIPSCO expected to provide approximately $1 billion in cost savings to Indiana residents and businesses over 15 years. | other | n.a. | Announced November 2025 alongside the $15B Indiana expansion | Project Rainier, New Carlisle / St. Joseph County (IN) | | | Amazon + Energy Northwest + X-energyAmazon is funding Energy Northwest's Cascade Advanced Energy Facility outside Richland, Washington, near the Columbia Generating Station. The project begins as a four-unit, 320 MW installation of X-energy Xe-100 reactors at 80 MW per module, with an option to expand to 12 units and 960 MW. Utility Dive reported in October 2025 that the plan had moved to the full 12-unit configuration, with construction expected at the end of the decade and operations in the 2030s. | other | n.a. | Announced October 2024; scope update October 2025 | n.a. | | | AmazonAmazon closed a four-tranche British pound notes offering under its February 2026 shelf registration. The filing does not mention data centers, and use of proceeds is not stated in the 8-K | senior notes | n.a. | Closed per Form 8-K filed 14 September 2026 | n.a. | | | Amazon + Pacifico EnergyAmazon confirmed ownership of the GW Ranch site in Pecos County, Texas, acquired from Pacifico Energy, when it filed building permits for three 189,000 sq ft data center buildings. Permits show 35 gas turbines capable of up to 7.65 GW, with up to 750 MW of solar and 1.8 GW of battery storage planned. Inside Climate News reported the project holds the largest air permit issued in the country this year, allowing about 33 million tons per year of emissions Amazon confirmed it is investing in a natural gas power plant to supply its planned Pecos County data center project, which The New York Times reported on 8 August 2026 could become the largest single source of climate pollution in the United States; Ars Technica described it as Amazon's first big investment in an off-grid data center. | acquisition | n.a. | Ownership disclosed through building permits filed August 2026; reported 11 August 2026 | n.a. | | | Amazon (Amazon Web Services) + Constellation EnergyAmazon signed a 20-year power purchase agreement with Constellation covering 690 MW from the Calvert Cliffs Clean Energy Center in Lusby, Maryland. Constellation said the revenue certainty supports about $3 billion of plant upgrades, a 20-year relicensing of the two reactors (licenses expire in 2034 and 2036) and about 190 MW of added output beginning between 2030 and 2032, and that it will evaluate small modular reactors at the site. The power stays on the PJM grid rather than flowing directly to Amazon data centers; the companies also signed a related retail supply agreement for Amazon operations in the 13-state PJM market. Amazon withdrew its own Calvert County data center campus plan in August 2026 (see capital at risk). | ppa | n.a. | Announced Wednesday 30 September 2026 (Constellation release, reported by Maryland Matters) | n.a. | | | Amazon.com, Inc.Amazon sold EUR 14.5 billion of senior unsecured notes in eight tranches maturing from 2028 to 2064, a day after pricing its $37.0 billion US dollar offering. | senior notes | n.a. | Backfill (not previously recorded). Final prospectus supplement filed 13 March 2026; settlement on or about 16 March 2026 | n.a. | | | Amazon.com, Inc.Amazon sold C$14.0 billion of Maple bonds in five tranches maturing from 2029 to 2056, for general corporate purposes including capital expenditures. | senior notes | n.a. | Backfill (not previously recorded). Priced 8 June 2026; final prospectus supplement filed 10 June 2026; settlement on or about 12 June 2026 | n.a. | | The record ## Sourced facts on Amazon (AWS) - Since 2011, AWS has invested more than $108 billion in its infrastructure across the U.S. - By 2030, AWS's planned investment toward data center expansion in Ohio is forecast to surpass $23 billion, one of the largest private investment commitments Ohio has ever received; the December 2024 increment was an estimated $7.8 billion by 2030, and cumulative Ohio cloud infrastructure investment since 2016 was more than $10.3 billion. - AWS's standing Virginia commitment is $35 billion in additional data center investment by 2040, announced January 2023; it predates the 2024-2026 window but remains the largest single-state AWS commitment. - Aggregate delayed or paused capacity in MW for Amazon is n.a.; no source quantifies AWS pull-back in MW. Confirmed blocked or delayed announced dollars: $3.6B (Tucson) plus $4B (Wilmington, tabled). - After rejecting Project Blue, Tucson adopted rules requiring council approval for any datacenter larger than 25,000 sq ft or requiring more than 20 megawatts of power, with water-disclosure triggers above 7 million gallons per month. Sources ## Sources for Amazon (AWS) Every source cited on this page, once each. The full atlas source register is at [Capital Atlas sources](https://savrn.com/data-center-capital-atlas/sources). - vedp.org[Virginia Economic Development Partnership](https://www.vedp.org/press-release/2023-01/amazon-web-services-2023) - datacenterdynamics.com[DCD](https://www.datacenterdynamics.com/en/news/st-joseph-county-leaders-approve-11bn-amazon-data-center-in-indiana/) - cnbc.com[CNBC](https://www.cnbc.com/2025/10/29/amazon-opens-11-billion-ai-data-center-project-rainier-in-indiana.html) - aboutamazon.com[Amazon](https://www.aboutamazon.com/news/company-news/amazon-15-billion-indiana-data-centers) - indystar.com[IndyStar](https://www.indystar.com/story/news/investigations/2026/08/13/data-dominion-power-needs-pollution-and-politics-collide-at-amazon-data-center/91203989007/) - wndu.com[WNDU](https://www.wndu.com/2026/07/23/amazon-web-services-investment-st-joseph-county-data-center-campus-surpasses-138-billion/) - pa.gov[Pennsylvania Governor's Office](https://www.pa.gov/governor/newsroom/2025-press-releases/gov-announces-amazon-to-invest--20b-in-pa--largest-capital-inves) - ir.talenenergy.com[Talen Energy IR](https://ir.talenenergy.com/news-releases/news-release-details/talen-energy-expands-nuclear-energy-relationship-amazon/) - richmondobserver.com[Richmond Observer](https://richmondobserver.com/stories/ncdeq-division-of-air-quality-issues-permits-for-amazon-data-center-project,107004) - wfae.org[WFAE](https://www.wfae.org/energy-environment/2026-08-29/amazons-richmond-county-data-center-gets-green-light-on-air-quality-permits) - yourdailyjournal.com[Richmond County Daily Journal](https://www.yourdailyjournal.com/news/265639/aws-to-host-open-house-on-hamlet-data-center) - yahoo.com[News & Observer via Yahoo](https://www.yahoo.com/news/us/articles/nc-deq-approves-air-permits-145432872.html) - wral.com[WRAL](https://www.wral.com/news/state/duke-energy-gas-turbine-amazon-data-center-september-2026/) - wsoctv.com[WSOC](https://www.wsoctv.com/news/local/regulators-deny-584m-gas-turbine-project-duke-energy/XZEQ3RT2QVHCNAT7W6TQ75W6FQ/) - duke-energy.com[Duke Energy Smith project page](https://www.duke-energy.com/info/smith) - aboutamazon.com[Amazon](https://www.aboutamazon.com/news/aws/aws-10-billion-investment-mississippi) - inkfreenews.com[InkFreeNews (county release), 22 June 2026](https://www.inkfreenews.com/2026/06/22/jasper-county-approves-agreements-for-7b-aws-data-center-campus/) - chicagotribune.com[Chicago Tribune, 23 August 2026](https://www.chicagotribune.com/2026/08/23/we-want-to-stop-it-jasper-county-residents-raise-money-for-legal-help-against-data-center/) - shawlocal.com[Daily Journal (Shaw Local)](https://www.shawlocal.com/daily-journal/2026/10/03/concerns-raised-regarding-indiana-draw-on-kankakee-river/) - techcrunch.com[TechCrunch, 14 January 2025](https://techcrunch.com/2025/01/14/aws-pledges-to-spend-5b-in-mexico-launches-new-mexico-server-region/) - convergedigest.com[Converge Digest](https://convergedigest.com/aws-opens-mexico-cloud-region-with-5-billion-investment/) - latintimes.com[Latin Times](https://www.latintimes.com/mexicos-data-center-boom-how-queretaro-became-latin-americas-digital-heartland-599851) - datacenterdynamics.com[DCD](https://www.datacenterdynamics.com/en/news/aws-data-center-project-tabled-in-wilmington-ohio/) - msn.com[WLWT via MSN](https://www.msn.com/en-us/news/news/petitioners-launch-effort-to-block-amazon-data-center-in-wilmington/ar-AA2c2JYY) - msn.com[The Cool Down via MSN](https://www.msn.com/en-us/money/economy/ohio-city-eyes-4b-amazon-data-center-after-emergency-vote-fails/ar-AA2btF6q) - courtnewsohio.gov[Court News Ohio (Supreme Court of Ohio)](https://www.courtnewsohio.gov/cases/2026/SCO/0918/261165.asp) - prnewswire.com[PR Newswire / Data Center Watch](https://www.prnewswire.com/news-releases/130-billion-in-ai-data-centers-have-been-blocked-or-delayed-in-2026-302821568.html) - aztechcouncil.org[AZ Tech Council](https://www.aztechcouncil.org/phoenix-microsoft-data-centers-investment/) - kjzz.org[KJZZ](https://www.kjzz.org/fronteras-desk/2026-08-06/here-is-whats-in-tucsons-new-data-center-rules-while-city-explores-ban-options) - datacenterdynamics.com[DCD](https://www.datacenterdynamics.com/en/news/amazon-capex-to-hit-200bn-in-2026-will-mostly-fund-aws-data-centers/) - constructionreviewonline.com[Construction Review Online](https://constructionreviewonline.com/aws-lays-out-timeline-for-historic-3-billion-vicksburg-data-center-campus/) - usdatacenterprojects.com[US Data Center Projects (TDLR filings)](https://usdatacenterprojects.com/texas/aws-files-1-2-billion-permit-for-four-building-data-center-campus-in-wharton-county-texas) - finance.yahoo.com[Yahoo Finance (CRE Daily)](https://finance.yahoo.com/real-estate/articles/amazon-10b-houston-data-center-164242528.html) - msn.com[Houston Chronicle via MSN](https://www.msn.com/en-us/money/general/amazon-clears-first-water-hurdle-for-10b-data-center-near-houston-bigger-obstacles-remain/ar-AA2dpHVY) - enr.com[Engineering News-Record](https://www.enr.com/articles/63464-amazon-discloses-ownership-of-gw-ranch-giant-texas-data-center-gas-power-complex) - finance.yahoo.com[Yahoo Finance](https://finance.yahoo.com/technology/articles/amazon-seemingly-plans-nearly-1b-230200275.html) - msn.com[The Canton Repository via MSN, 4 September 2026](https://www.msn.com/en-us/news/other/residents-sue-over-approvals-tied-to-perry-township-data-center/ar-AA2bAVeI) - aol.com[The Canton Repository via AOL, 15 July 2026](https://www.aol.com/articles/supporters-see-opportunity-critics-see-091202000.html) - virginiabusiness.com[Virginia Business](https://virginiabusiness.com/amazon-data-centers-gwu-ashburn/) - wtop.com[WTOP](https://wtop.com/virginia/2026/08/concrete-jungle-as-amazon-details-plans-for-new-ashburn-data-centers-some-residents-are-fed-up/) - gwhatchet.com[The GW Hatchet](https://gwhatchet.com/2026/08/03/amazon-proposes-building-over-800000-square-feet-of-data-centers-on-gws-virginia-campus/) - loudountimes.com[Loudoun Times-Mirror](https://www.loudountimes.com/news/business_and_economy/amazon-can-t-build-data-centers-on-gwu-campus-without-board-approval-zoning-administrator-says/article_4bc476c5-babd-4e61-b3f1-bb9669731146.html) - chicagotribune.com[Chicago Tribune](https://www.chicagotribune.com/2026/09/09/hobart-delays-final-approval-of-amazon-data-center-plat/) - msn.com[The Columbus Dispatch via MSN](https://www.msn.com/en-us/news/other/hilliard-withdraws-appeal-of-fuel-cell-power-for-amazon-data-center/ar-AA2cjwCt) - wosu.org[WOSU Public Media](https://www.wosu.org/politics-government/2026-09-16/hilliard-drops-appeal-on-permit-for-natural-gas-fuel-cells-for-data-center) - indianagazette.com[Indiana Gazette](https://www.indianagazette.com/local_news/three-page-amazon-narrative-is-proposed-for-county-planning-commission/article_8f3e5c2f-8c5b-4822-9b6d-d7b88ce1168f.html) - wccsradio.com[WCCS](https://www.wccsradio.com/2026/09/09/county-planning-commission-tables-amazon-data-center-project/) - datacenterdynamics.com[DCD](https://www.datacenterdynamics.com/en/news/aws-plans-25-million-sq-ft-data-center-campus-in-kline-township-pennsylvania/) - standardspeaker.com[Standard-Speaker](https://www.standardspeaker.com/2026/08/28/amazon-replies-to-kline-residents-about-data-center/) - fox56.com[FOX56 (WOLF), 30 September 2026](https://fox56.com/news/local/kline-twp-supervisors-approve-amazon-data-center-proposal-conditions) - thenextweb.com[The Next Web](https://thenextweb.com/news/softbank-completes-30bn-openai-investment) - news.sbs.co.kr[SBS News (citing The Information)](https://news.sbs.co.kr/english/article.do?news_id=N1008780373) - cryptobriefing.com[Crypto Briefing](https://cryptobriefing.com/softbank-closes-final-openai-tranche/) - anthropic.com[Anthropic-Amazon](https://www.anthropic.com/news/anthropic-amazon-compute) - cnbc.com[CNBC](https://www.cnbc.com/2026/09/08/qualcomm-amazon-data-center-infrastructure-deal.html) - finance.yahoo.com[Yahoo Finance](https://finance.yahoo.com/markets/stocks/article/qualcomm-and-amazon-ink-deal-for-custom-data-center-chips-170048117.html) - fool.com[Motley Fool](https://www.fool.com/investing/2026/09/09/forget-smartphones-qualcomm-just-landed-a-massive-ai-deal-with-amazon/) - sec.gov[Amazon final prospectus supplement, Form 424(b)(5) (SEC)](https://www.sec.gov/Archives/edgar/data/1018724/000110465926027125/tm266670-4_424b5.htm) - sec.gov[SEC Form 8-K](https://www.sec.gov/Archives/edgar/data/1018724/000110465926082293/tm2619352d4_8k.htm) - cnbc.com[CNBC](https://www.cnbc.com/2026/07/07/amazon-bond-sale-ai-debt.html) - sec.gov[SEC Form FWP final term sheet (Amazon)](https://www.sec.gov/Archives/edgar/data/1018724/000110465926081334/tm2619352d3_fwp.htm) - finance.yahoo.com[Quartz via Yahoo Finance](https://finance.yahoo.com/markets/stocks/articles/amazon-takes-warrant-stake-generac-123324020.html) - sec.gov[Generac Form 8-K (SEC)](https://www.sec.gov/Archives/edgar/data/1474735/000143774926030550/gnrc20260915_8k.htm) - sec.gov[Cipher Mining Q3 2025 release (Form 8-K Ex. 99.1)](https://www.sec.gov/Archives/edgar/data/1819989/000181998925000110/nov3_earningspressreleasex.htm) - sec.gov[Cipher Mining business update presentation (Form 8-K Ex. 99.2)](https://www.sec.gov/Archives/edgar/data/1819989/000181998925000110/ciphermining_businessupd.htm) - aboutamazon.com[Amazon](https://www.aboutamazon.com/news/company-news/amazon-anthropic-ai-investment) - finance.yahoo.com[Yahoo Finance](https://finance.yahoo.com/technology/articles/amazon-pledges-1-billion-data-113539101.html) - x-energy.com[X-energy](https://x-energy.com/media/news-releases/amazon-invests-in-x-energy-to-support-advanced-small-modular-nuclear-reactors-and-expand-carbon-free-power) - utilitydive.com[Utility Dive](https://www.utilitydive.com/news/amazon-small-modular-reactor-deals-nuclear-dominion-x-energy-energy-northwest/730022/) - utilitydive.com[Utility Dive](https://www.utilitydive.com/news/washington-nuclear-facility-smrs-cascade-amazon-modular/802967/) - sec.gov[SEC Form 8-K](https://www.sec.gov/Archives/edgar/data/0001018724/000110465926107526/tm2624614d5_8k.htm) - finance.yahoo.com[Quartz via Yahoo Finance (citing Reuters)](https://finance.yahoo.com/technology/ai/articles/amazon-raises-4-25-billion-173531801.html) - sec.gov[SEC Form FWP final term sheet (Amazon)](https://www.sec.gov/Archives/edgar/data/1018724/000110465926106322/tm2624614d4_fwp.htm) - insideclimatenews.org[Inside Climate News](https://insideclimatenews.org/news/25082026/texas-data-center-gas-projects/) - arstechnica.com[Ars Technica](https://arstechnica.com/tech-policy/2026/08/amazon-funds-biggest-gas-power-plant-in-us-despite-climate-pledge/) - marylandmatters.org[Maryland Matters, 30 September 2026](https://marylandmatters.org/2026/09/30/calvert-cliffs-power-purchase-amazon/) - sec.gov[Amazon final prospectus supplement, Form 424(b)(5) (SEC)](https://www.sec.gov/Archives/edgar/data/1018724/000110465926027669/tm266670-6_424b5.htm) - sec.gov[Amazon final prospectus supplement, Form 424(b)(5) (SEC)](https://www.sec.gov/Archives/edgar/data/1018724/000110465926072332/tm2613616-2_424b5.htm) - sec.gov[Amazon FY2025 Form 10-K](https://www.sec.gov/Archives/edgar/data/1018724/000101872426000004/amzn-20251231.htm) - cnbc.com[CNBC, Feb 2025](https://www.cnbc.com/2025/02/06/amazon-expects-to-spend-100-billion-on-capital-expenditures-in-2025.html) - cnbc.com[CNBC](https://www.cnbc.com/2026/07/30/amazon-amzn-q2-earnings-report-2026.html) - aboutamazon.com[Amazon](https://www.aboutamazon.com/news/aws/aws-continues-to-invest-in-ohio) - seattletimes.com[The Seattle Times, 3 October 2026](https://www.seattletimes.com/business/amazons-1b-data-center-pledge-underscores-rising-tension-over-ai-build-out/) ### Hyperscaler: one page each [Alphabet / Google 25](https://savrn.com/data-center-capital-atlas/company/alphabet)[Amazon (AWS) 20](https://savrn.com/data-center-capital-atlas/company/amazon)[Apple 1](https://savrn.com/data-center-capital-atlas/company/apple)[Meta Platforms 12](https://savrn.com/data-center-capital-atlas/company/meta)[Microsoft (Azure) 16](https://savrn.com/data-center-capital-atlas/company/microsoft)[Oracle 2](https://savrn.com/data-center-capital-atlas/company/oracle) The figure beside each provider is its count of named sites in the atlas. Part of the [North American Data Center Capital Atlas](https://savrn.com/data-center-capital-atlas), refreshed every Tuesday, Thursday and Saturday. Site commitments overlap reported capital expenditure and overlap one another, so this page shows each figure as its source states it and never adds them into a single deployment number. Informational, not investment advice. The SAVRN reference set ## Seven references, one system Capital, delay, policy, water, grid, permits and scarcity are one system seen from seven sides. Each reference is primary-sourced, refreshed on a schedule, and links into the others, so a project can be followed from the money committed to the docket that stopped it. Delay Watchlist Project-level slippage: named projects, jurisdictional actions, utility and federal dockets, SEC disclosures, and the interconnection queue. [Open the watchlist →](https://savrn.com/data-center-delay-tracker) Moratorium Tracker The policy layer: every state measure and local moratorium mapped and cited, with one page per state. Open the tracker → Water Tracker Every federal, state, local and interstate water measure that touches a data center, plus a fifty-state water ledger. Open the water tracker → Grid Operator Watchlist ERCOT, PJM, MISO, CAISO, SPP, NYISO, ISO-NE and FERC: the large-load rules, filings and queue positions that decide whether a site can energize. Open the watchlist → Permits and Power Development Data center and substation permits, large loads in the interconnection queues, and the power plants planned to serve them, refreshed hourly from public records. Open the permits tracker → SAVRN Scarcity Tracker Eleven primary-sourced indicators of AI infrastructure scarcity, one composite index, read against the token index, SAVRN's own cost basis and the frontier ceiling. Open the scarcity tracker → Have a specific address? Site Intelligence reads all seven references against one location, county, utility and grid operator included, and cites every finding. [Check an address →](https://savrn.com/site-intelligence)