# North Dakota Data Center Investment Tracker Source: https://savrn.com/data-center-capital-atlas/north-dakota Markdown alternate of the page above; the site index is https://savrn.com/llms.txt --- Named sites 6 Site-level commitments the atlas records in North Dakota Disclosed capital floor $26.9B Sum of sites with a stated dollar figure. Sites without one are listed, not counted Disclosed capacity 1,840 MW Sum of sites with a stated megawatt figure Blocked, delayed or restricted 4 $10.0B of announced capital in those projects Who is investing ## Who is investing in data centers in North Dakota? The largest disclosed commitments in North Dakota are Applied Digital (Polaris Forge 1, ~$11.0B); Critical Data House (Project Fighting Pike data center (southwest of U.S. Highway 2 and U.S. 85 Bypass), $10.0B); Applied Digital (Polaris Forge 2, $5.0B). Together the 6 named sites here carry a disclosed floor of $26.9B; sites with no dollar figure are listed but not counted. [Applied Digital 3 sites · $16.0B](https://savrn.com/data-center-capital-atlas/company/applied-digital)[Macquarie Asset Management 1 site · $900M](https://savrn.com/data-center-capital-atlas/company/macquarie-am) Named sites ## Named data center sites in North Dakota Each row is one site-level commitment with its capital provider, the figure the source states, and the status the source gives it. Capital is shown as one compact figure; the verbatim wording is in the row's sources. | Site | Capital provider | Place | Capital | MW | Status | Sources | | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | | Polaris Forge 1Building 2 completed (250 MW operational) 2 October 2026; third building ready-for-service calendar 2027 | [Applied Digital](https://savrn.com/data-center-capital-atlas/company/applied-digital)with CoreWeave | Ellendale | ~$11.0B | 400 | operating | | | Project Fighting Pike data center (southwest of U.S. Highway 2 and U.S. 85 Bypass)Subdivision plat approved 25 March 2025; delay to late 2028 or early 2029 reported 17 September 2026; single outlet | Critical Data House | Williston, Williams County | $10.0B | n.a. | announced | | | Polaris Forge 2broke ground August 18, 2025 | [Applied Digital](https://savrn.com/data-center-capital-atlas/company/applied-digital) | Harwood | $5.0B | 200 | construction | | | Applied Digital Polaris Forge 1facility executed October 7, 2025; first-tranche financing February 2025 | [Macquarie Asset Management](https://savrn.com/data-center-capital-atlas/company/macquarie-am)with Applied Digital, CoreWeave | Ellendale | $900M | 400 | construction | | | Harmony Energy Park data center (near the Bison Substation)Conditional use permit application filed; reported 29 September 2026 (North Dakota Monitor) | Geronimo Powerwith Otter Tail Power (proposed large load tariff under PSC review) | Harmony Township, north of Mapleton, Cass County | n.a. | 540 | proposed | | | Applied Digital Polaris Forge 3May 20, 2026 | [Applied Digital](https://savrn.com/data-center-capital-atlas/company/applied-digital) | Center, Oliver | n.a. | 300 | announced | | Capital at risk ## Blocked, delayed or restricted in North Dakota Every project in North Dakota on the atlas's capital-at-risk record: the action taken, who took it, and the announced capital affected. Restarts and reversals are recorded with the same weight as blocks. | Project | Developer | Jurisdiction | Action | Capital | Sources | | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | | Project Fighting Pike data center (Critical Data House)delayed Plat approved 25 March 2025; delay to late 2028 or early 2029 reported 17 September 2026; single outlet | Critical Data House | City of Williston (title acquisition under Hague Convention service) | Critical Data House originally said its $10 billion, 450-acre Williston data center would operate by January 2027. No work has started since the city approved the subdivision plat on 25 March 2025, because the company cannot take clear title until more than 1,100 foreign investors in an abandoned development on the land, mostly in Malaysia and Singapore, are served under Hague Convention procedures. The company told the Williston Herald it now expects operations in late 2028 or early 2029, with a 20 to 24 month build once it holds title. | $10.0B | | | Mandan large-scale data center ban (citizen petition, special election)other Special election set for 15 December 2026 (reported 7 October 2026); single outlet | n.a. | City of Mandan | Following a citizen petition, Mandan voters will decide in a special election on Tuesday 15 December 2026 whether to ban large-scale data centers, City Administrator Jim Neubauer said; the measure cannot share a date with a separate special election for a vacant City Commission seat. | n.a. | | | Mercer County campus (530+ acres)moratorium Mar 4 2026; dollar value n.a. | NextEra / Boulevard Associates | Mercer County, ND | One-year moratorium | n.a. | | | Morton County data center and cryptocurrency facility moratoriummoratorium Hearing 12 September 2024 (adoption date not stated in sources); still in place 10 September 2026 when a data center ordinance passed 4-1; lifting pending | n.a. | Morton County Commission | Morton County scheduled a public hearing for 12 September 2024 on a moratorium on data centers, following a July 2024 moratorium on direct air capture facilities. The Bismarck Tribune reported that the county's moratorium on data centers and cryptocurrency facilities, adopted by resolution, was still in place when the commission approved a data center ordinance 4-1 on 10 September 2026. The commission considered lifting the moratorium that day, but staff said a notice period was required and expected it at the next meeting. | n.a. | | Financing ## Financing transactions tied to North Dakota sites Transactions the atlas ties to a named site in North Dakota: joint ventures, project bonds, credit facilities, leases and power agreements. Amounts are as stated; overlapping commitments are never summed. | Parties | Instrument | Amount | Date | Site | Sources | | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | | Applied Digital + CoreWeaveAdditional 150MW lease with CoreWeave, taking Ellendale to 400MW. | lease | ≥$11.0B | August 29, 2025 | Polaris Forge 1 | | | Applied Digital + CoreWeaveTwo 15-year lease agreements with CoreWeave at Ellendale, North Dakota. | lease | ~$7.0B | June 2, 2025 | Polaris Forge 1 | | | Applied Digital + unnamed investment-grade hyperscalerAI factory lease with a US-based, unnamed investment-grade hyperscaler at Polaris Forge 2. | lease | $5.0B | October 22, 2025 | Polaris Forge 2 | | | Macquarie Asset Management + Applied DigitalExecuted with Macquarie Asset Management, not Blackstone (premise correction preserved from the source). | preferred | $5.0B | executed October 7, 2025 | Applied Digital Polaris Forge 1 | | | Applied DigitalSenior secured notes funding Polaris Forge 2. | senior notes | $2.1B | priced March 4, 2026 | Polaris Forge 2 | | | Applied Digital + Macquarie Asset ManagementEarlier Ellendale financing referenced in the first-tranche coverage. | debt facility | $375M | February 2025 | Applied Digital Polaris Forge 1 | | | Applied Digital + Base Electron CorporationOn 4 October 2026 Applied Digital entered into a Power Purchase Agreement and a related credit support agreement with Base Electron for capacity and energy from an approximately 1,200 MW natural gas-fired generation facility Base Electron is to develop in Center, North Dakota, as dedicated generation for the Polaris Forge 3 campus. The agreement has a 15-year delivery term and may be terminated by Base Electron if financial close for the plant has not occurred by 31 March 2027. Base Electron is a related party: Applied Digital owns about 10% and it is owned and managed by certain Applied Digital officers and directors, including Wes Cummins; Applied Digital also holds a demand promissory note from Base Electron of up to $100 million ($59.3 million outstanding at 31 August 2026). | ppa | n.a. | Signed 4 October 2026; disclosed in Applied Digital's Form 10-Q and earnings release filed 7 October 2026 | Applied Digital Polaris Forge 3 | | Policy context ## What governs a data center in North Dakota North Dakota (special session vote on data center nondisclosure agreements)state Senate Bill 2406 would have banned NDAs between government entities and developers of data centers and other industrial projects The North Dakota Senate voted 32-15 on 3 September 2026, during a three-day special session, to reject SB 2406, which carried penalties for companies entering NDAs with government agencies. Governor Kelly Armstrong testified that existing transparency laws are sufficient, and the committee chair said the bill needed full hearings. The policy layer for North Dakota lives in three companion references: the [North Dakota Data Center Moratorium Tracker](https://savrn.com/data-center-moratorium-tracker/north-dakota) for every state measure and local moratorium on record, the [Water Tracker](https://savrn.com/data-center-water-tracker) for the water rules that touch a site, and the [Grid Operator Watchlist](https://savrn.com/data-center-grid-operator-watchlist) for the large-load rules of the RTO or utility that decides whether it can energize. Next door ## States next door Minnesota 3 sites 31 blocked, delayed or restricted Montana 1 site 10 blocked, delayed or restricted South Dakota 1 site 6 blocked, delayed or restricted On the map ## Data centers in North Dakota The US Data Center Map identifies 26 facilities run by 10 operators in North Dakota, each one placed from primary sources and listed by city and by operator, with this atlas record beside it. North Dakota data centers 26 facilities · 10 operators Map, locations, operators, rules North Dakota power and local economy Generation, utilities and county records Explore the power supply chain and local conditions behind the build-out US Data Center Map Every state, one page each The national map and the operator directory Sources ## Sources for North Dakota Every source cited on this page, once each. The full atlas source register is at [Capital Atlas sources](https://savrn.com/data-center-capital-atlas/sources). - stocktitan.net[StockTitan 10-K summary](https://www.stocktitan.net/sec-filings/APLD/10-k-applied-digital-corp-files-annual-report-d66fc29f9461.html) - ir.applieddigital.com[APLD](https://ir.applieddigital.com/news-events/press-releases/detail/123/applied-digital-announces-two-15-year-lease-agreements-with-coreweave) - ir.applieddigital.com[APLD](https://ir.applieddigital.com/news-events/press-releases/detail/128/applied-digital-announces-additional-150-mw-lease-with-coreweave) - sec.gov[SEC EDGAR (Applied Digital FY2026 Q4 press release, 27 July 2026)](https://www.sec.gov/Archives/edgar/data/1144879/000114487926000044/apldq426earningsreleaseasf.htm) - markets.businessinsider.com[Applied Digital release via GlobeNewswire (Markets Insider), 2 October 2026](https://markets.businessinsider.com/news/stocks/applied-digital-brings-an-additional-75-mw-of-ai-infrastructure-online-at-polaris-forge-1-1036593178) - ir.applieddigital.com[Applied Digital release, 2 October 2026](https://ir.applieddigital.com/news-events/press-releases/detail/161/applied-digital-brings-an-additional-75-mw-of-ai) - finance.yahoo.com[Proactive (Yahoo Finance)](https://finance.yahoo.com/technology/ai/articles/applied-digital-adds-75-mw-140100686.html) - willistonherald.com[Williston Herald, 17 September 2026](https://www.willistonherald.com/business/critical-data-house-provides-update-on-project-fighting-pike-progress) - cnbc.com[CNBC](https://www.cnbc.com/2025/10/22/applied-digital-signs-5-billion-ai-factory-lease-with-us-based-hyperscaler.html) - ir.applieddigital.com[APLD](https://ir.applieddigital.com/news-events/press-releases/detail/146/applied-digital-announces-pricing-of-2-15-billion-senior-secured-notes) - ir.applieddigital.com[Applied Digital](https://ir.applieddigital.com/news-events/press-releases/detail/130/applied-digital-and-macquarie-asset-management-execute) - macquarie.com[Macquarie](https://www.macquarie.com/au/en/about/company/macquarie-asset-management/insights/macquarie-asset-management-invests-in-applied-digital-and-aligned-data-centers.html) - datacenterdynamics.com[DCD](https://www.datacenterdynamics.com/en/news/applied-digital-secures-first-tranche-of-5bn-funding-from-macquarie/) - yahoo.com[North Dakota Monitor (via Yahoo News), 29 September 2026](https://www.yahoo.com/news/articles/2nd-fargo-area-data-center-222636152.html) - kfgo.com[KFGO, 30 September 2026](https://kfgo.com/2026/09/30/2nd-fargo-area-data-center-would-use-double-the-power-of-harwood-site/) - ir.applieddigital.com[APLD](https://ir.applieddigital.com/news-events/press-releases/detail/152/applied-digital-reaches-significant-milestone-surpassing-1) - sec.gov[SEC EDGAR (Applied Digital Form 10-Q, filed 7 October 2026)](https://www.sec.gov/Archives/edgar/data/1144879/000114487926000059/apld-20260831.htm) - sec.gov[SEC EDGAR (Applied Digital Q1 FY2027 earnings release)](https://www.sec.gov/Archives/edgar/data/1144879/000114487926000057/apldq127earningsrelease.htm) - kfyrtv.com[KFYR-TV](https://www.kfyrtv.com/2026/10/07/mandan-hold-separate-special-elections/) - interconnectedcapital.com[Interconnected Capital](https://www.interconnectedcapital.com/research/data-center-moratoriums) - bismarcktribune.com[Bismarck Tribune](https://bismarcktribune.com/news/community/mandannews/article_0021219d-1629-47ff-a9b8-13bc11620613.html) - govtech.com[Government Technology (Bismarck Tribune/TNS)](https://www.govtech.com/policy/morton-county-n-d-will-consider-data-center-moratorium) - ir.applieddigital.com[APLD](https://ir.applieddigital.com/news-events/press-releases/detail/130/applied-digital-announces-5-0-billion-perpetual-preferred) - markets.businessinsider.com[Applied Digital fiscal Q1 2027 results via GlobeNewswire (Markets Insider), 7 October 2026](https://markets.businessinsider.com/news/stocks/applied-digital-reports-fiscal-first-quarter-2027-results-1036606858) - yahoo.com[North Dakota Monitor via Yahoo](https://www.yahoo.com/news/politics/articles/data-center-nondisclosure-bill-dies-200807279.html) ### Every state, one page each [Alabama 9 / 21](https://savrn.com/data-center-capital-atlas/alabama)[Alaska 1 / 1](https://savrn.com/data-center-capital-atlas/alaska)[Arizona 11 / 11](https://savrn.com/data-center-capital-atlas/arizona)[Arkansas 2 / 8](https://savrn.com/data-center-capital-atlas/arkansas)[California 10 / 35](https://savrn.com/data-center-capital-atlas/california)[Colorado 6 / 21](https://savrn.com/data-center-capital-atlas/colorado)[Connecticut 0 / 6](https://savrn.com/data-center-capital-atlas/connecticut)[Delaware 0 / 5](https://savrn.com/data-center-capital-atlas/delaware)[Florida 0 / 46](https://savrn.com/data-center-capital-atlas/florida)[Georgia 23 / 57](https://savrn.com/data-center-capital-atlas/georgia)[Hawaii 0 / 0](https://savrn.com/data-center-capital-atlas/hawaii)[Idaho 2 / 2](https://savrn.com/data-center-capital-atlas/idaho)[Illinois 10 / 35](https://savrn.com/data-center-capital-atlas/illinois)[Indiana 14 / 44](https://savrn.com/data-center-capital-atlas/indiana)[Iowa 3 / 22](https://savrn.com/data-center-capital-atlas/iowa)[Kansas 5 / 19](https://savrn.com/data-center-capital-atlas/kansas)[Kentucky 6 / 26](https://savrn.com/data-center-capital-atlas/kentucky)[Louisiana 7 / 3](https://savrn.com/data-center-capital-atlas/louisiana)[Maine 0 / 20](https://savrn.com/data-center-capital-atlas/maine)[Maryland 1 / 22](https://savrn.com/data-center-capital-atlas/maryland)[Massachusetts 0 / 11](https://savrn.com/data-center-capital-atlas/massachusetts)[Michigan 4 / 55](https://savrn.com/data-center-capital-atlas/michigan)[Minnesota 3 / 31](https://savrn.com/data-center-capital-atlas/minnesota)[Mississippi 7 / 5](https://savrn.com/data-center-capital-atlas/mississippi)[Missouri 10 / 25](https://savrn.com/data-center-capital-atlas/missouri)[Montana 1 / 10](https://savrn.com/data-center-capital-atlas/montana)[Nebraska 3 / 16](https://savrn.com/data-center-capital-atlas/nebraska)[Nevada 8 / 12](https://savrn.com/data-center-capital-atlas/nevada)[New Hampshire 0 / 5](https://savrn.com/data-center-capital-atlas/new-hampshire)[New Jersey 4 / 61](https://savrn.com/data-center-capital-atlas/new-jersey)[New Mexico 3 / 10](https://savrn.com/data-center-capital-atlas/new-mexico)[New York 6 / 21](https://savrn.com/data-center-capital-atlas/new-york)[North Carolina 10 / 45](https://savrn.com/data-center-capital-atlas/north-carolina)[North Dakota 6 / 4](https://savrn.com/data-center-capital-atlas/north-dakota)[Ohio 24 / 80](https://savrn.com/data-center-capital-atlas/ohio)[Oklahoma 11 / 20](https://savrn.com/data-center-capital-atlas/oklahoma)[Oregon 1 / 8](https://savrn.com/data-center-capital-atlas/oregon)[Pennsylvania 16 / 42](https://savrn.com/data-center-capital-atlas/pennsylvania)[Rhode Island 0 / 5](https://savrn.com/data-center-capital-atlas/rhode-island)[South Carolina 6 / 20](https://savrn.com/data-center-capital-atlas/south-carolina)[South Dakota 1 / 6](https://savrn.com/data-center-capital-atlas/south-dakota)[Tennessee 6 / 26](https://savrn.com/data-center-capital-atlas/tennessee)[Texas 106 / 35](https://savrn.com/data-center-capital-atlas/texas)[Utah 11 / 12](https://savrn.com/data-center-capital-atlas/utah)[Vermont 0 / 3](https://savrn.com/data-center-capital-atlas/vermont)[Virginia 33 / 50](https://savrn.com/data-center-capital-atlas/virginia)[Washington 9 / 22](https://savrn.com/data-center-capital-atlas/washington)[Washington, DC 0 / 0](https://savrn.com/data-center-capital-atlas/washington-dc)[West Virginia 4 / 3](https://savrn.com/data-center-capital-atlas/west-virginia)[Wisconsin 4 / 45](https://savrn.com/data-center-capital-atlas/wisconsin)[Wyoming 11 / 5](https://savrn.com/data-center-capital-atlas/wyoming) Figures beside each state are named sites and blocked, delayed or restricted projects. Part of the [North American Data Center Capital Atlas](https://savrn.com/data-center-capital-atlas), refreshed every Tuesday, Thursday and Saturday. Announced commitments overlap one another and overlap reported capital expenditure, so this page shows disclosed floors and never adds them into a single deployment figure. Informational, not investment or legal advice. The SAVRN reference set ## Seven references, one system Capital, delay, policy, water, grid, permits and scarcity are one system seen from seven sides. Each reference is primary-sourced, refreshed on a schedule, and links into the others, so a project can be followed from the money committed to the docket that stopped it. Delay Watchlist Project-level slippage: named projects, jurisdictional actions, utility and federal dockets, SEC disclosures, and the interconnection queue. [Open the watchlist →](https://savrn.com/data-center-delay-tracker) Moratorium Tracker The policy layer: every state measure and local moratorium mapped and cited, with one page per state. Open the tracker → Water Tracker Every federal, state, local and interstate water measure that touches a data center, plus a fifty-state water ledger. Open the water tracker → Grid Operator Watchlist ERCOT, PJM, MISO, CAISO, SPP, NYISO, ISO-NE and FERC: the large-load rules, filings and queue positions that decide whether a site can energize. Open the watchlist → Permits and Power Development Data center and substation permits, large loads in the interconnection queues, and the power plants planned to serve them, refreshed hourly from public records. Open the permits tracker → SAVRN Scarcity Tracker Eleven primary-sourced indicators of AI infrastructure scarcity, one composite index, read against the token index, SAVRN's own cost basis and the frontier ceiling. Open the scarcity tracker → Have a specific address? Site Intelligence reads all seven references against one location, county, utility and grid operator included, and cites every finding. [Check an address →](https://savrn.com/site-intelligence)