# Behind the Meter AI Power: Sources & Citations | SAVRN Source: https://savrn.com/sources/behind-the-meter Markdown alternate of the page above; the site index is https://savrn.com/llms.txt --- [All research sources](https://savrn.com/sources) Sources & Citations # Behind the Meter AI Power 13 primary sources 6 categories We publish the receipts A ## Federal grid & queue data LBNL · RMI Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory ‘Queued Up’ 2024 interconnection report — 2,600+ GW in U.S. queues, 5-year median wait that drives the behind-the-meter case. LBNL — Queued Up 2024 interconnection report [View source](https://emp.lbl.gov/queues) RMI 2024 interconnection queue analysis — independent corroboration of LBNL queue data plus policy reform framing. RMI — Queued Up 2024 Edition analysis [View source](https://emp.lbl.gov/publications/queued-2024-edition-characteristics/) B ## FERC regulatory orders FERC FERC November 2024 order rejecting amended ISA for Amazon-Talen co-located load — establishes the regulatory precedent governing co-located generation+load arrangements. FERC — November 2024 order on Amazon-Talen co-located load [View source](https://www.ferc.gov/media/news-releases/ferc-rejects-amended-isa-amazon-talen-co-located-load) C ## Permitting & nuclear regulatory EPA · NRC EPA Title V Operating Permits program — air-emissions permitting baseline for behind-the-meter natural gas generation. EPA — Title V Operating Permits [View source](https://www.epa.gov/title-v-operating-permits) Nuclear Regulatory Commission Small Modular Reactor program — federal regulatory framework for the nuclear behind-the-meter path. NRC — Small Modular Reactor program [View source](https://www.nrc.gov/reactors/new-reactors/smr.html) D ## Hyperscaler precedent reporting Reuters · Google Reuters September 2024 reporting on Constellation’s Three Mile Island restart for Microsoft AI data centers. Reuters — Constellation Three Mile Island restart for Microsoft (Sept 2024) [View source](https://www.reuters.com/business/energy/constellation-restart-three-mile-island-power-microsofts-ai-data-centers-2024-09-20/) Reuters March 2024 reporting on Amazon Web Services’ $650 million purchase of Talen Energy data center campus. Reuters — AWS buys data center campus from Talen Energy (March 2024) [View source](https://www.reuters.com/markets/deals/aws-buys-data-center-campus-talen-energy-650-mln-2024-03-04/) Google’s October 2024 announcement of small modular reactor agreement with Kairos Power. Google — Kairos Power nuclear energy agreement announcement (Oct 2024) [View source](https://blog.google/outreach-initiatives/sustainability/google-kairos-power-nuclear-energy-agreement/) E ## Cost & power demand forecasting Lazard · Goldman · IEA Lazard 2024 Levelized Cost of Energy report — published cost curves used as the BTM-vs-retail benchmark. Lazard — Levelized Cost of Energy+ 2024 [View source](https://www.lazard.com/research-insights/levelized-cost-of-energyplus/) Goldman Sachs Research projection on AI-driven data center power demand growth. Goldman Sachs Research — AI poised to drive 160% increase in power demand [View source](https://www.goldmansachs.com/insights/articles/AI-poised-to-drive-160-increase-in-power-demand) IEA Electricity 2026 outlook on power demand from data centers and AI. IEA — Electricity 2026 [View source](https://www.iea.org/reports/electricity-2026) F ## Independent technical reporting IEEE · Uptime IEEE Spectrum 2025 modular data center coverage — independent technical reporting on co-located generation+compute architectures. IEEE Spectrum — AI Data Center reporting [View source](https://spectrum.ieee.org/tag/data-centers) Uptime Institute Global Data Center Survey 2024 — operator practice baseline. Uptime Institute Global Data Center Survey 2024 [View source](https://www.uptimeinstitute.com/resources/asset/global-data-center-survey-results-2024) These are the primary sources behind our research. Have a better one, or spot an error? [Tell us](https://savrn.com/contact?topic=sources) — we’ll correct it.