# Data Center Land Requirements: Sources & Citations | SAVRN
Source: https://savrn.com/sources/land-requirements
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[All research sources](https://savrn.com/sources)

Sources & Citations

# Data Center Land Requirements

4 primary sources 2 categories We publish the receipts

A

## Thermal & density standards

ASHRAE · Uptime

ASHRAE Technical Committee 9.9 thermal guidance for high-density data center computing — defines air-cooling cliff (50-60 kW/rack) and liquid-cooling thresholds that shape footprint and acreage requirements.

ASHRAE TC 9.9 — Mission Critical Facilities, Data Centers, Technology Spaces [View source](https://tc0909.ashraetcs.org/)

Uptime Institute Global Data Center Survey on rack density distribution — confirms approximately 8 kW average typical density and ~1% of operators above 100 kW/rack.

Uptime Institute Global Data Center Survey 2024 [View source](https://intelligence.uptimeinstitute.com/resource/uptime-institute-global-data-center-survey-2024)

B

## Power tariff & grid data

EIA · LBNL

U.S. Energy Information Administration Electric Power Monthly — publicly tracked retail commercial-industrial power tariffs by state and utility, used as the baseline for site-by-site cost modeling.

U.S. Energy Information Administration — Electric Power Monthly [View source](https://www.eia.gov/electricity/monthly/)

Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory ‘Queued Up: 2024 Edition’ — 5-year median U.S. interconnection wait, ~2,600 GW in queue, drives the site-selection emphasis on behind-the-meter generation.

LBNL — “Queued Up: 2024 Edition” [View source](https://emp.lbl.gov/publications/queued-2024-edition-characteristics)

These are the primary sources behind our research. Have a better one, or spot an error? [Tell us](https://savrn.com/contact?topic=sources) — we’ll correct it.