# The 49 Billion Gallon Mirage: Sources & Citations | SAVRN
Source: https://savrn.com/sources/water-mirage
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[All research sources](https://savrn.com/sources)

Sources & Citations

# The 49 Billion Gallon Mirage

4 primary sources 4 categories We publish the receipts

A

## State water authorities

Texas Water Dev. Board

Texas Water Development Board statewide demand projections used as the bottoms-up validation anchor for the verified water model.

Texas Water Development Board — State Water Plan [View source](https://www.twdb.texas.gov/waterplanning/swp/)

B

## Federal research

LBNL

Lawrence Berkeley National Lab’s 2024 United States Data Center Energy Usage Report — the canonical federal study on data center energy and water intensity.

LBNL — 2024 United States Data Center Energy Usage Report (Shehabi et al.) [View source](https://eta.lbl.gov/publications/2024-united-states-data-center-energy)

C

## Independent research

HARC

Houston Advanced Research Center — independent research on Texas water use, climate, and infrastructure that contextualizes the verified water model.

Houston Advanced Research Center (HARC) [View source](https://harcresearch.org/)

D

## Municipal benchmarks

NYC DEP

New York City municipal water consumption benchmarks used as a population-scale comparison anchor in the verified water model.

New York City Department of Environmental Protection — water consumption statistics [View source](https://www.nyc.gov/site/dep/water/drinking-water.page)

These are the primary sources behind our research. Have a better one, or spot an error? [Tell us](https://savrn.com/contact?topic=sources) — we’ll correct it.