Liang Wang, Nan Yang, Xiaolong Huang, Linjun Yang, Rangan Majumder, Furu Wei, arXiv 2024 This model has 24 layers and the embedding size is 1024. Below is an example to encode queries and passages from the MS-MARCO passage ranking dataset. This model is initialized from xlm-roberta-large and continually trained on a mixture of multilingual datasets. It supports 100 languages from xlm-roberta, but low-resource languages may see performance degradation. For all labeled datasets, we only use its training set for fine-tuning. For other training details, please refer to our paper at https://arxiv.org/pdf/2402.05672. Check out unilm/e5 to reproduce evaluation results on the BEIR and MTEB…
Open-weight model · Feature extraction
multilingual-e5-large-instruct
by Liang Wang intfloat/multilingual-e5-large-instruct
Liang Wang, Nan Yang, Xiaolong Huang, Linjun Yang, Rangan Majumder, Furu Wei, arXiv 2024 This model has 24 layers and the embedding size is 1024. Below are examples to encode queries and passages from the MS-MARCO passage ranking dataset.
Runs On
What it takes to serve multilingual-e5-large-instruct (560M parameters): the memory its weights need at each precision, and the cheapest way to rent enough data-center GPUs to hold them.
| Precision | Weights | Memory needed | Cheapest setup | Per hour | Also fits |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 16-bit | 1.1 GB | 1.3 GB | 1x MI300X (192 GB) Vultr |
$1.85 | 1x H100 $1.99 · 1x MI325X $2.00 |
| 8-bit | 0.6 GB | 0.7 GB | 1x MI300X (192 GB) Vultr |
$1.85 | 1x H100 $1.99 · 1x MI325X $2.00 |
| 4-bit | 0.3 GB | 0.3 GB | 1x MI300X (192 GB) Vultr |
$1.85 | 1x H100 $1.99 · 1x MI325X $2.00 |
Memory is the weights at that precision plus 20% for the runtime and a short context; a long context needs more. Prices are the lowest on-demand hourly rates in the SAVRN Index, read Sep 18, 2026.
SAVRN's Notes on multilingual-e5-large-instruct
Loaded at 16-bit, this encoder needs 1.3 GB of memory for 1.1 GB of weights, a sliver of the 192 GB on the single MI300X our Index lists as the cheapest fit at $1.85 per hour. Nobody rents that card for one 560M-parameter embedding model; it fits beside a serving model on hardware you already run. The output is a 1,024-dimension vector for retrieval, and the publisher initialized it from xlm-roberta-large, so it carries that base's 100 languages.
MIT terms allow commercial use, modification and redistribution provided the copyright and permission notices stay with the files, so building it into a hosted product is simple. Check the 514-token context first: long documents must be chunked before encoding, and that chunking decides recall more than the card does. The Index carries no host prices for it, which fits a model operators run themselves.
Model Card
By Liang Wang, published under mit, revision 274baa43b0e1.
Multilingual E5 Text Embeddings: A Technical Report. Liang Wang, Nan Yang, Xiaolong Huang, Linjun Yang, Rangan Majumder, Furu Wei, arXiv 2024
This model has 24 layers and the embedding size is 1024.
Usage
Below are examples to encode queries and passages from the MS-MARCO passage ranking dataset.
Transformers
Configuration
- Architecture
- XLMRobertaModel
- Context length (tokens)
- 514
- Layers
- 24
- Hidden size
- 1,024
- Feed-forward size
- 4,096
- Attention heads
- 16
- Vocabulary size
- 250,002
- Stored precision
- float16
- Model type
- xlm-roberta
Identity and Version
- Repository
- intfloat/multilingual-e5-large-instruct
- Publisher
- Liang Wang
- Task
- Feature extraction
- Modality
- Text
- Library
- sentence-transformers
- Parameters
- 560M parameters
- Languages
- af, am, ar, as, az, be, bg, bn
- Revision
- 274baa43b0e13e37fafa6428dbc7938e62e5c439
- First published
- 2024-02-08
- Last updated
- 2025-07-10
Files and Weights
19 files, 3.4 GB in total. The weights are 2 files totalling 1.1 GB in onnx, safetensors.
Every file
| File | Type | Size | SHA-256 |
|---|---|---|---|
| model.safetensors | Weights | 1.1 GB | dd6b6e4f52db |
| onnx/model.onnx | Weights | 686.5 KB | e3aeea535535 |
| 1_Pooling/config.json | Configuration | 271 B | — |
| config.json | Configuration | 690 B | — |
| config_sentence_transformers.json | Configuration | 128 B | — |
| modules.json | Configuration | 349 B | — |
| onnx/config.json | Configuration | 763 B | — |
| onnx/special_tokens_map.json | Configuration | 964 B | — |
| sentence_xlm-roberta_config.json | Configuration | 53 B | — |
| special_tokens_map.json | Configuration | 964 B | — |
| README.md | Documentation | 140.2 KB | — |
| onnx/model.onnx_data | Other | 2.2 GB | 4c13ca44e40a |
| onnx/sentencepiece.bpe.model | Other | 5.1 MB | cfc8146abe2a |
| sentencepiece.bpe.model | Other | 5.1 MB | cfc8146abe2a |
| .gitattributes | Repository | 1.6 KB | — |
| onnx/tokenizer.json | Tokenizer | 17.1 MB | f59925fcb90c |
| onnx/tokenizer_config.json | Tokenizer | 1.2 KB | — |
| tokenizer.json | Tokenizer | 17.1 MB | f59925fcb90c |
| tokenizer_config.json | Tokenizer | 1.2 KB | — |
License and Download
- License
- mit
- Access
- Open weights, no gate
- Download size
- 1.1 GB
Released by Liang Wang through its official repository on Hugging Face. Read the license.
Built From
- Described by arXiv:2104.08663
- Described by arXiv:2210.07316
- Described by arXiv:2401.00368
- Described by arXiv:2402.05672
Evaluations
Each result is shown as reported, with the conditions its reporter stated. None is a SAVRN measurement. A comparison lines two results up only when their configuration, unit and setup are all stated and identical.
| Benchmark | Conditions | Result | Reported by | Revision | Date |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| MTEB AmazonCounterfactualClassification (de) | Configuration deTask ClassificationMetric accuracyComparison conditions not established | 66.7131 | intfloat Publisher reported |
Evaluated revision not stated | — |
| MTEB AmazonCounterfactualClassification (de) | Configuration deTask ClassificationMetric apComparison conditions not established | 79.015 | intfloat Publisher reported |
Evaluated revision not stated | — |
| MTEB AmazonCounterfactualClassification (de) | Configuration deTask ClassificationMetric f1Comparison conditions not established | 64.8195 | intfloat Publisher reported |
Evaluated revision not stated | — |
| MTEB AmazonCounterfactualClassification (en) | Configuration enTask ClassificationMetric accuracyComparison conditions not established | 76.2388 | intfloat Publisher reported |
Evaluated revision not stated | — |
| MTEB AmazonCounterfactualClassification (en) | Configuration enTask ClassificationMetric apComparison conditions not established | 39.0735 | intfloat Publisher reported |
Evaluated revision not stated | — |
| MTEB AmazonCounterfactualClassification (en) | Configuration enTask ClassificationMetric f1Comparison conditions not established | 70.0484 | intfloat Publisher reported |
Evaluated revision not stated | — |
| MTEB AmazonCounterfactualClassification (en-ext) | Configuration en-extTask ClassificationMetric accuracyComparison conditions not established | 73.8531 | intfloat Publisher reported |
Evaluated revision not stated | — |
| MTEB AmazonCounterfactualClassification (en-ext) | Configuration en-extTask ClassificationMetric apComparison conditions not established | 22.4475 | intfloat Publisher reported |
Evaluated revision not stated | — |
| MTEB AmazonCounterfactualClassification (en-ext) | Configuration en-extTask ClassificationMetric f1Comparison conditions not established | 61.0163 | intfloat Publisher reported |
Evaluated revision not stated | — |
| MTEB AmazonCounterfactualClassification (ja) | Configuration jaTask ClassificationMetric accuracyComparison conditions not established | 76.0493 | intfloat Publisher reported |
Evaluated revision not stated | — |
| MTEB AmazonCounterfactualClassification (ja) | Configuration jaTask ClassificationMetric apComparison conditions not established | 23.4498 | intfloat Publisher reported |
Evaluated revision not stated | — |
| MTEB AmazonCounterfactualClassification (ja) | Configuration jaTask ClassificationMetric f1Comparison conditions not established | 62.5723 | intfloat Publisher reported |
Evaluated revision not stated | — |
| MTEB AmazonPolarityClassification | Configuration defaultTask ClassificationMetric accuracyComparison conditions not established | 96.2874 | intfloat Publisher reported |
Evaluated revision not stated | — |
| MTEB AmazonPolarityClassification | Configuration defaultTask ClassificationMetric apComparison conditions not established | 94.845 | intfloat Publisher reported |
Evaluated revision not stated | — |
| MTEB AmazonPolarityClassification | Configuration defaultTask ClassificationMetric f1Comparison conditions not established | 96.2868 | intfloat Publisher reported |
Evaluated revision not stated | — |
| MTEB AmazonReviewsClassification (de) | Configuration deTask ClassificationMetric accuracyComparison conditions not established | 53 | intfloat Publisher reported |
Evaluated revision not stated | — |
| MTEB AmazonReviewsClassification (de) | Configuration deTask ClassificationMetric f1Comparison conditions not established | 52.0083 | intfloat Publisher reported |
Evaluated revision not stated | — |
| MTEB AmazonReviewsClassification (en) | Configuration enTask ClassificationMetric accuracyComparison conditions not established | 56.716 | intfloat Publisher reported |
Evaluated revision not stated | — |
| MTEB AmazonReviewsClassification (en) | Configuration enTask ClassificationMetric f1Comparison conditions not established | 55.7651 | intfloat Publisher reported |
Evaluated revision not stated | — |
| MTEB AmazonReviewsClassification (es) | Configuration esTask ClassificationMetric accuracyComparison conditions not established | 48.806 | intfloat Publisher reported |
Evaluated revision not stated | — |
| MTEB AmazonReviewsClassification (es) | Configuration esTask ClassificationMetric f1Comparison conditions not established | 48.0823 | intfloat Publisher reported |
Evaluated revision not stated | — |
| MTEB AmazonReviewsClassification (fr) | Configuration frTask ClassificationMetric accuracyComparison conditions not established | 48.508 | intfloat Publisher reported |
Evaluated revision not stated | — |
| MTEB AmazonReviewsClassification (fr) | Configuration frTask ClassificationMetric f1Comparison conditions not established | 47.6875 | intfloat Publisher reported |
Evaluated revision not stated | — |
| MTEB AmazonReviewsClassification (ja) | Configuration jaTask ClassificationMetric accuracyComparison conditions not established | 47.71 | intfloat Publisher reported |
Evaluated revision not stated | — |
| MTEB AmazonReviewsClassification (ja) | Configuration jaTask ClassificationMetric f1Comparison conditions not established | 47.0587 | intfloat Publisher reported |
Evaluated revision not stated | — |
| MTEB AmazonReviewsClassification (zh) | Configuration zhTask ClassificationMetric accuracyComparison conditions not established | 44.662 | intfloat Publisher reported |
Evaluated revision not stated | — |
| MTEB AmazonReviewsClassification (zh) | Configuration zhTask ClassificationMetric f1Comparison conditions not established | 43.4237 | intfloat Publisher reported |
Evaluated revision not stated | — |
| MTEB ArguAna | Configuration defaultTask RetrievalMetric map_at_1Comparison conditions not established | 31.721 | intfloat Publisher reported |
Evaluated revision not stated | — |
| MTEB ArguAna | Configuration defaultTask RetrievalMetric map_at_10Comparison conditions not established | 49.221 | intfloat Publisher reported |
Evaluated revision not stated | — |
| MTEB ArguAna | Configuration defaultTask RetrievalMetric map_at_100Comparison conditions not established | 49.884 | intfloat Publisher reported |
Evaluated revision not stated | — |
| MTEB ArguAna | Configuration defaultTask RetrievalMetric map_at_1000Comparison conditions not established | 49.888 | intfloat Publisher reported |
Evaluated revision not stated | — |
| MTEB ArguAna | Configuration defaultTask RetrievalMetric map_at_3Comparison conditions not established | 44.31 | intfloat Publisher reported |
Evaluated revision not stated | — |
| MTEB ArguAna | Configuration defaultTask RetrievalMetric map_at_5Comparison conditions not established | 47.276 | intfloat Publisher reported |
Evaluated revision not stated | — |
| MTEB ArguAna | Configuration defaultTask RetrievalMetric mrr_at_1Comparison conditions not established | 32.432 | intfloat Publisher reported |
Evaluated revision not stated | — |
| MTEB ArguAna | Configuration defaultTask RetrievalMetric mrr_at_10Comparison conditions not established | 49.5 | intfloat Publisher reported |
Evaluated revision not stated | — |
| MTEB ArguAna | Configuration defaultTask RetrievalMetric mrr_at_100Comparison conditions not established | 50.163 | intfloat Publisher reported |
Evaluated revision not stated | — |
| MTEB ArguAna | Configuration defaultTask RetrievalMetric mrr_at_1000Comparison conditions not established | 50.166 | intfloat Publisher reported |
Evaluated revision not stated | — |
| MTEB ArguAna | Configuration defaultTask RetrievalMetric mrr_at_3Comparison conditions not established | 44.618 | intfloat Publisher reported |
Evaluated revision not stated | — |
| MTEB ArguAna | Configuration defaultTask RetrievalMetric mrr_at_5Comparison conditions not established | 47.541 | intfloat Publisher reported |
Evaluated revision not stated | — |
| MTEB ArguAna | Configuration defaultTask RetrievalMetric ndcg_at_1Comparison conditions not established | 31.721 | intfloat Publisher reported |
Evaluated revision not stated | — |
Memory Requirements
| Precision | Weights in memory |
|---|---|
| As published | 1.1 GB |
| 16-bit | 1.1 GB |
| 8-bit | 0.6 GB |
| 4-bit | 0.3 GB |
Weights only, from the published parameter count; the key-value cache and runtime add to this.
Compare multilingual-e5-large-instruct
Questions About multilingual-e5-large-instruct
How much GPU memory does multilingual-e5-large-instruct need?
About 1.3 GB at 16-bit and 0.3 GB at 4-bit: the weights (560M parameters) plus a working margin. A long context needs more.
What is the cheapest GPU to run multilingual-e5-large-instruct on?
At 16-bit, 1x MI300X from $1.85 an hour; at 4-bit, 1x MI300X from $1.85 an hour, at the lowest on-demand prices the SAVRN Index lists.
Can I use multilingual-e5-large-instruct commercially?
Yes. multilingual-e5-large-instruct is released under MIT License. The MIT License is a short permissive license. It permits commercial use, modification and redistribution, provided the copyright notice and permission notice are included.
What is multilingual-e5-large-instruct's context length?
514 tokens, from the maximum position embeddings in its published configuration.
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