Power Supply Chain and Demand in Washington
Vertically integrated utilities run most of Washington's grid. 3,601 MW of new generation is planned in Washington, 355 MW of it under construction or built and awaiting operation, against 2 MW of planned retirements through 2030. 112 data centers are identified in the state. Residential electricity averaged 14.40¢/kWh in 2026 through July, +13.0% from a year earlier. Unemployment was 4.9% in August 2026, and construction employment is -2.4% against August 2019. The SAVRN trackers hold 21 local moratoria or restrictions for Washington across all statuses (20 in force) and 4 named projects on the Delay Watchlist.
What the build-out changed in Washington
Washington carries more data center demand than most states, and the question now is whether its grid and workforce keep pace. The data center industry now accounts for 4.0% of Washington's economy, the largest share of any state (the median state is 1.8%), counting the industry's in-state suppliers and payrolls. Data processing and hosting jobs grew 68.0% from 2019 to 2025, 7th of 46 states that disclose the industry. Commercial electricity sales, the class that includes data centers, are +1.5% year to date, 26th in the country. Households pay part of the cost: residential prices are +13.0% year to date, the 7th fastest increase of 51.
Then and now
| Measure | Then | Now | Change | U.S. rank |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Construction jobs (Aug 2019 → Aug 2026) | 221.3k | 216.0k | ▼ 2.4% | 46th of 48 |
| Electrical contractor jobs (2019 → 2025) | 23,969 | 25,436 | ▲ 6.1% | 42nd of 48 |
| Power line construction jobs (2019 → 2025) | 4,292 | 3,924 | ▼ 8.6% | 41st of 44 |
| Data processing and hosting jobs (2019 → 2025) | 13,892 | 23,335 | ▲ 68.0% | 7th of 46 |
| Unemployment rate (Feb 2020 → Aug 2026) | 3.8% | 4.9% | ▲ 1.1pts | — |
| Residential price, ¢/kWh (YTD Jul 2025 → 2026) | 12.74¢ | 14.40¢ | ▲ 13.0% | 7th of 51 |
| Generation fleet → planned additions | 31.8 GW operating | 3.6 GW planned | 11% of fleet | 32nd of 51 |
Where Washington ranks among 51
1st = the most. Ranks cover every state and DC that publishes the figure.
Among its neighbors, Washington leads on data center share of state gdp (4.0%), ahead of Oregon (3.3%).
County spotlight
King County holds the most data centers on record in Washington (45), and its electrical contractor workforce changed +4.7% since 2019 to 9,492 jobs. The largest share of planned generation sits in Benton County: 1,200 MW, led by HOHI bn, LLC (solar). The fastest-growing electrical trade market is Spokane County, where contractor jobs grew 16.0% to 1,557.
Where Washington sits in the power system
- Grid operator
- Non-RTO (utility-run)
- Operating capacity
- 31.8 GW
- Planned generation
- 3,601 MW
- Under construction or built
- 355 MW
- Data centers identified
- 112
- Data center load in queues
- —
- Unemployment, Aug 2026
- 4.9%
- Residential price change
- +13.0%
Neighboring states are shaded. Select one to open its page.
Washington, county by county
39 counties in Washington. Planned generation sits in 11 of them, data centers stand in 9, and local measures are on record in 8. Pick a layer, then select a county for its full record.
County leaders
Counties on record 33
| County | Data centers | Planned MW | Building MW | Lead developer | Electrical contractor jobs | Change 2019–25 | Local measures | Watchlist | |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| King County | 45 | — | — | — | 9,492 | ▲ 4.7% | — | — | |
| Grant County | 27 | 650 MW | 130 MW | Royal Slope Solar LLC | 268 | ▲ 8.5% | — | 1 | |
| Snohomish County | 9 | 25 MW | 25 MW | PUD No 1 of Snohomish County - (WA) | 2,384 | ▼ 10.2% | 1 (1 in force) | — | |
| Douglas County | 8 | — | — | — | 22 | — | — | — | |
| Spokane County | 7 | — | — | — | 1,557 | ▲ 16.0% | 1 (1 in force) | — | |
| Pierce County | 6 | 200 MW | 200 MW | GREE bn, LLC | 2,172 | ▲ 0.1% | 1 (1 in force) | — | |
| Whatcom County | 2 | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | |
| Benton County | 1 | 1,200 MW | — | HOHI bn, LLC | — | — | — | — | |
| Yakima County | 1 | 80 MW | — | Cypress Creek Renewables | 567 | ▲ 13.4% | 1 (1 in force) | — | |
| Garfield County | — | 600 MW | — | LOSN, LLC | — | — | — | — | |
| Klickitat County | — | 300 MW | — | Cypress Creek Renewables | 17 | ▼ 5.6% | — | — | |
| Thurston County | — | 200 MW | — | CENT bn, LLC | 796 | — | — | — | |
| Kitsap County | — | 170 MW | — | BrightNight Power | 446 | ▲ 10.7% | — | — | |
| Adams County | — | 126 MW | — | EDP Renewables North America LLC | — | — | — | — | |
| Chelan County | — | 50 MW | — | Helion Energy, Inc. | — | — | — | — | |
| Clark County | — | — | — | — | 2,260 | ▼ 6.4% | — | — | |
| Skagit County | — | — | — | — | 976 | ▼ 9.3% | 1 (1 in force) | — | |
| Franklin County | — | — | — | — | 423 | — | — | — | |
| Cowlitz County | — | — | — | — | 382 | ▲ 21.7% | — | — | |
| Grays Harbor County | — | — | — | — | 272 | ▲ 65.9% | — | — | |
| Clallam County | — | — | — | — | 206 | — | — | — | |
| Asotin County | — | — | — | — | 186 | — | — | — | |
| Island County | — | — | — | — | 147 | ▲ 30.1% | — | — | |
| Walla Walla County | — | — | — | — | 137 | — | — | — | |
| Whitman County | — | — | — | — | 103 | ▲ 49.3% | — | — | |
| Jefferson County | — | — | — | — | 91 | ▲ 23.0% | — | — | |
| San Juan County | — | — | — | — | 67 | ▲ 19.6% | — | — | |
| Lincoln County | — | — | — | — | 54 | — | 1 (1 in force) | — | |
| Okanogan County | — | — | — | — | 45 | ▲ 25.0% | — | — | |
| Mason County | — | — | — | — | 41 | — | — | — | |
| Pacific County | — | — | — | — | 25 | — | — | — | |
| Kittitas County | — | — | — | — | — | — | 1 (1 in force) | — | |
| Skamania County | — | — | — | — | — | — | 1 (1 in force) | — |
Every county in Washington 39
Each county has its own page: power plants, utilities and prices, jobs since 2019, data centers, local rules and its neighbors.
Cities and towns on record 32
| City or town | County | Data centers | Local measures | Watchlist | Latest record | |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Seattle | King County | 25 | 1 (1 in force) | 1 | Emergency one-year data center moratorium (Council Bill 121214) In force | |
| Quincy | Grant County | 25 | — | — | — | |
| Tukwila | King County | 13 | — | — | — | |
| Lynnwood | Snohomish County | 4 | — | — | — | |
| Spokane | Spokane County | 3 | 1 (1 in force) | 1 | One-year data center permit moratorium In force | |
| Puyallup | Pierce County | 3 | — | — | — | |
| Tacoma | Pierce County | 3 | — | — | — | |
| Moses Lake | Grant County | 2 | 1 (1 in force) | — | City moratorium on data centers for a stated term In force | |
| Bellingham | Whatcom County | 2 | — | — | — | |
| Bothell | King County + Snohomish County | 2 | — | — | — | |
| Everett | Snohomish County | 2 | — | — | — | |
| Kent | King County | 2 | — | — | — | |
| Liberty Lake | Spokane County | 2 | — | — | — | |
| Federal Way | King County | 1 | 1 (1 in force) | 1 | Local moratorium on data centers through July 7, 2027 In force | |
| Bellevue | King County | 1 | — | — | — | |
| East Wenatchee | Douglas County | 1 | — | — | — | |
| Kennewick | Benton County | 1 | — | — | — | |
| Kirkland | King County | 1 | — | — | — | |
| Malaga | — | 1 | — | — | — | |
| Picnic Point | Snohomish County | 1 | — | — | — | |
| Redmond | King County | 1 | — | — | — | |
| White Center | King County | 1 | — | — | — | |
| Yakima | Yakima County | 1 | — | — | — | |
| Burien | King County | — | 1 (1 in force) | — | Local moratorium on data centers through June 29, 2027 In force | |
| Cle Elum | Kittitas County | — | 1 (1 in force) | — | Local moratorium on data centers through January 31, 2027 In force | |
| La Conner | Skagit County | — | 1 (1 in force) | — | City moratorium on data centers through January 29, 2027 In force | |
| Marysville | Snohomish County | — | 1 (1 in force) | — | Local moratorium on data centers through January 14, 2027 In force | |
| Mount Vernon | Skagit County | — | 1 (1 in force) | — | Local moratorium on data centers through February 12, 2027 In force | |
| Pasco | Franklin County | — | 1 (1 in force) | — | Local moratorium on data centers through January 20, 2027 In force | |
| Port Angeles | Clallam County | — | 1 (1 in force) | — | Six-month data center moratorium In force | |
| Renton | King County | — | 1 (1 in force) | — | Local moratorium on data centers through August 17, 2027 In force | |
| Washington County | — | — | 1 (0 in force) | — | Washington County Statement on Temporary Moratorium for Data Centers in Washington County Proposed |
Data center counts come from every facility on the SAVRN Data Center Map, counted in the county and the city or community where each building physically stands (Census boundaries), not its mailing address. Jurisdictions appear as the Moratorium Tracker records them.
Washington, from generation to the household bill
1Grid operator
Utility-run territory: resource planning sits with the vertically integrated utilities and the state commission.
2Generation pipeline
- Operating capacity
- 31.8 GW
- Planned, all types
- 3,601 MW
- Under construction or built
- 355 MW
- Planned gas
- 0 MW
- Planned retirements 2026–30
- 2 MW
- Net firm additions derived
- 353 MW
3Data center demand
- Data centers identified
- 112
- Operators
- 47
- Load in tracked queues
- —
- Utility large-load projects
- 0
- Commercial sales, YTD change
- +1.5%
- Industry share of state GDP
- 4.0%
4Jobs and pay
- Unemployment, Aug 2026
- 4.9% (+0.3 pts y/y)
- Construction jobs vs 2019
- -2.4%
- Manufacturing jobs vs 2019
- -6.3%
- Electrical contractor jobs 2019–25
- +6.1%
- Electrician median pay
- $95,220
- Electrician ÷ cashier pay
- 2.46×
5Household bill
- Residential price, YTD Jul 2026
- 14.40¢/kWh
- Change vs YTD 2025
- +13.0%
- All-sector price change
- +10.9%
- Total retail sales change
- -1.2%
6Policy friction
- State measures on record
- 9
- Local measures (in force)
- 21 (20)
- Watchlist projects
- 4
- Lawsuits tracked
- 0
- Announced capital, disclosed
- —
- Dedicated tax incentive
- Yes
Planned power plants in Washington
Every planned generator in Washington in the August 2026 EIA-860M inventory, by technology, then the 15 largest units. Under construction or built covers status codes U, V and TS.
| Technology | Units | Planned MW | Under construction or built |
|---|---|---|---|
| Battery storage | 7 | 1,655 MW | 225 MW |
| Solar | 7 | 1,570 MW | 130 MW |
| Wind | 2 | 326 MW | — |
| Other | 1 | 50 MW | — |
Largest planned generators
| Plant | County | Technology | MW | Status | Year | Owner |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Hop Hill Solar Generation and BESS | Benton | Batteries | 500 MW | Approvals pending | 2031 | HOHI bn, LLC |
| Hop Hill Solar Generation and BESS | Benton | Solar Photovoltaic | 500 MW | Approvals pending | 2031 | HOHI bn, LLC |
| Lower Snake Solar Generation BESS | Garfield | Solar Photovoltaic | 300 MW | Approvals pending | 2029 | LOSN, LLC |
| Lower Snake Solar Generation BESS | Garfield | Batteries | 300 MW | Approvals pending | 2029 | LOSN, LLC |
| Royal Slope | Grant | Batteries | 260 MW | Approvals received | 2027 | Royal Slope Solar LLC |
| Royal Slope | Grant | Solar Photovoltaic | 260 MW | Approvals received | 2027 | Royal Slope Solar LLC |
| Greenwater BESS | Pierce | Batteries | 200 MW | Under construction (>50%) | 2026 | GREE bn, LLC |
| Centralia Battery Energy Storage System | Thurston | Batteries | 200 MW | Approvals pending | 2028 | CENT bn, LLC |
| Hop Hill Solar Generation and BESS | Benton | Onshore Wind Turbine | 200 MW | Approvals pending | 2031 | HOHI bn, LLC |
| AGATE BESS | Kitsap | Batteries | 170 MW | Approvals pending | 2029 | BrightNight Power |
| Carriger | Klickitat | Solar Photovoltaic | 160 MW | Approvals pending | 2028 | Cypress Creek Renewables |
| Bluebird Solar | Klickitat | Solar Photovoltaic | 140 MW | Approvals received | 2027 | Avangrid Power LLC |
| SR Quincy Valley | Grant | Solar Photovoltaic | 130 MW | Under construction (>50%) | 2026 | SR Quincy Valley, LLC |
| Saddle Mountain East Wind Farm | Adams | Onshore Wind Turbine | 126 MW | Planned, approvals not started | 2029 | EDP Renewables North America LLC |
| High Top Solar | Yakima | Solar Photovoltaic | 80 MW | Approvals received | 2029 | Cypress Creek Renewables |
What the Washington build-out runs on
Who is building generation in Washington, which manufacturers and contractors have a plant, expansion or contract recorded here, and how long the critical equipment takes to arrive.
Developers and owners with planned generation
| Developer or owner | Units | Planned MW | Building MW | Main technology | Counties |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| HOHI bn, LLC | 3 | 1,200 MW | — | Wind | 1 |
| LOSN, LLC | 2 | 600 MW | — | Solar | 1 |
| Royal Slope Solar LLC | 2 | 520 MW | — | Battery storage | 1 |
| Cypress Creek Renewables | 2 | 240 MW | — | Solar | 2 |
| CENT bn, LLC | 1 | 200 MW | — | Battery storage | 1 |
| GREE bn, LLC | 1 | 200 MW | 200 MW | Battery storage | 1 |
| BrightNight Power | 1 | 170 MW | — | Battery storage | 1 |
| Avangrid Power LLC | 1 | 140 MW | — | Solar | 1 |
| SR Quincy Valley, LLC | 1 | 130 MW | 130 MW | Solar | 1 |
| EDP Renewables North America LLC | 1 | 126 MW | — | Wind | 1 |
| Helion Energy, Inc. | 1 | 50 MW | — | Other | 1 |
| PUD No 1 of Snohomish County - (WA) | 1 | 25 MW | 25 MW | Battery storage | 1 |
Manufacturers and contractors with a recorded Washington footprint
No plant, expansion or contract in the manufacturer record names Washington. The national suppliers below serve every state.
Order-by check derived
11 of the 14 planned units of 50 MW or more in Washington that are not yet under construction (2,046 of 3,246 MW) are past the date their step-up transformer had to be ordered to meet the planned in-service date. These units hold their schedules only if the equipment is already on order.
| Plant | Technology | MW | Planned in service | Transformer order-by | Turbine order-by | Owner |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Lower Snake Solar Generation BESS | Solar | 300 MW | Oct 2029 | Sep 2026 | — | LOSN, LLC |
| Lower Snake Solar Generation BESS | Battery storage | 300 MW | Oct 2029 | Sep 2026 | — | LOSN, LLC |
| Royal Slope | Battery storage | 260 MW | Oct 2027 | Sep 2024 | — | Royal Slope Solar LLC |
| Royal Slope | Solar | 260 MW | Oct 2027 | Sep 2024 | — | Royal Slope Solar LLC |
| Centralia Battery Energy Storage System | Battery storage | 200 MW | Dec 2028 | Nov 2025 | — | CENT bn, LLC |
| AGATE BESS | Battery storage | 170 MW | Feb 2029 | Jan 2026 | — | BrightNight Power |
| Carriger | Solar | 160 MW | Nov 2028 | Oct 2025 | — | Cypress Creek Renewables |
| Bluebird Solar | Solar | 140 MW | Dec 2027 | Nov 2024 | — | Avangrid Power LLC |
| Saddle Mountain East Wind Farm | Wind | 126 MW | Oct 2029 | Sep 2026 | — | EDP Renewables North America LLC |
| High Top Solar | Solar | 80 MW | Jan 2029 | Dec 2025 | — | Cypress Creek Renewables |
| Orion - Helion | Other | 50 MW | Dec 2028 | Nov 2025 | — | Helion Energy, Inc. |
Lead times, OEM backlogs and the national generation and grid contractors are on the national supply chain section.
Data center and large-load demand in Washington
112 data centers run by 47 operators are identified in Washington. The full list by city is on the Washington Data Center Map page. Utilities report 0 large customer projects here to EEI.
No large customer projects reported to EEI for this state.
The Washington jobs report, and who the build-out employs
Payroll employment, August 2026 (preliminary)
| Industry | Jobs | Change vs Aug 2025 | Change vs Aug 2019 |
|---|---|---|---|
| Total nonfarm | 3,647.0k | ▲ 0.4% | ▲ 4.8% (+168.8k) |
| Construction | 216.0k | ▼ 0.6% | ▼ 2.4% (-5.3k) |
| Manufacturing | 276.0k | ▲ 2.5% | ▼ 6.3% (-18.7k) |
| Mining and logging | 5.1k | ▲ 2.0% | ▼ 10.5% (-0.6k) |
| Retail trade | 331.2k | ▲ 0.6% | ▼ 2.2% (-7.6k) |
Power and data industries, 2019 to 2025
| Industry | Jobs 2019 | Jobs 2025 | Change | Average pay 2025 |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Data processing and hosting | 13,892 | 23,335 | ▲ 68.0% | $267,744 |
| Electrical contractors | 23,969 | 25,436 | ▲ 6.1% | $101,610 |
| Power and communication line construction | 4,292 | 3,924 | ▼ 8.6% | $119,782 |
| Electric power generation, transmission, distribution | — | 4,025 | — | $161,765 |
| Transformer manufacturing | — | not disclosed | — | — |
Pay ladder, May 2025
| Occupation | Employment | Median annual pay | Multiple of cashier pay |
|---|---|---|---|
| Cashiers | 61,050 | $38,720 | 1.00× |
| Fast food and counter workers | 94,710 | $37,710 | 0.97× |
| Retail salespersons | 84,850 | $39,560 | 1.02× |
| All occupations | 3,550,970 | $62,990 | 1.63× |
| Construction laborers | 25,060 | $57,720 | 1.49× |
| Welders | 7,720 | $63,020 | 1.63× |
| HVAC mechanics | 7,370 | $75,660 | 1.95× |
| Plumbers and pipefitters | 12,470 | $81,030 | 2.09× |
| Electricians | 19,380 | $95,220 | 2.46× |
| Power plant operators | 430 | $131,620 | 3.40× |
| Power-line installers | 2,340 | $133,060 | 3.44× |
| Construction supervisors | 19,550 | $109,570 | 2.83× |
| Electrical engineers | 7,610 | $132,710 | 3.43× |
County-level contractor jobs and pay are in the county record above.
What the data center industry adds to Washington
PwC figures are modeled estimates commissioned by the industry.
State studies and incentive costs
| Economic study findings | Disclosed tax-incentive cost | |
|---|---|---|
| DOR workgroup: Grant County's top 10 taxpayers paid $54.3M in 2025 vs. $4.2M in 2006; Quincy's levy rate fell ~70% since 2006; 8,990 direct jobs statewide (2023, PwC as cited by DOR); ~900 direct jobs in Quincy; ~$584M in exemptions 2012–23 | $118M+ (2023); $132M (2026) |
The rules and the pipeline in Washington
State measures 9
| Bill | Measure | Status | Date | |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| — | Amazon’s Walla Walla data center plan sparks tension between protesters, local officials | Paused | 2026-10 | |
| ESSB 6231 | Rolling back data-center tax exemptions | In force | 2026-04 | |
| HB 2655 | Providing a retail sales and use tax exemption for the construction and equipping of new data centers located in a county east of the Cascades that borders | Proposed | 2026-02 | |
| HB 2708 | Removing a tax exemption for the replacement of equipment for data centers. | Proposed | 2026-01 | |
| HB 2515 | Clean energy procurement and cost obligations | Proposed | 2026 | |
| Executive Order 25 | Washington: Governor Ferguson issued Executive Order 25-05 on February 3, 2025 creating the Data Center Workgroup, convened by the Department of Revenue | In force | 2025-02 | |
| SB 5262 | Broadening the eligibility requirements and extending the expiration date for the data center tax incentive. | Failed / vetoed | 2022-02 | |
| HB 1459 | Broadening the eligibility requirements and extending the expiration date for the data center tax incentive. | Failed / vetoed | 2022-01 | |
| HB 2962 | Broadening the eligibility requirements and extending the expiration date for the data center tax incentive. | Failed / vetoed | 2020-03 |
Delay Watchlist projects 4
| Project | Location | Status | Cause | MW | |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Seattle Data Center Pipeline (citywide moratorium) | Seattle | halted | — | ||
| Spokane Data Center Pipeline (citywide moratorium) | Spokane | halted | — | ||
| Federal Way Data Center Moratorium | Federal Way | halted | — | ||
| Grant County PUD Data Center Load Growth Cap | Grant County (Quincy/Moses Lake) | delayed | — |
Local moratoria and restrictions (21) appear by county and city in the county-by-county section. Counts include every status in the weekly tracker feeds as of October 5, 2026. The Washington Data Center Map page counts only active local pauses and delayed or blocked projects as of its September 2 rebuild, so its figures are lower. The difference is one of definition and date.
Washington's neighbors
Washington power, answered from the record
How much new power generation is planned in Washington?
EIA's August 2026 inventory lists 3,601 MW of planned generators in Washington, 355 MW of it under construction or built. By capacity the pipeline is battery storage 46%, solar 44%, wind 9%. The largest single unit is Hop Hill Solar Generation and BESS (500 MW, HOHI bn, LLC). Owners plan to retire 2 MW from 2026 to 2030.
Who runs the power grid in Washington?
Non-RTO (utility-run) serves most of Washington, which means vertically integrated utilities plan and dispatch generation under the state commission. No data center load is tracked in its queues yet.
How much do data centers add to the Washington economy?
PwC's 2026 study for the Data Center Coalition credits the industry with 127,700 in-state jobs, $33.8B of GDP (4.0% of the state economy, 1st of 51) and $2.4B in state and local taxes in 2024. These are modeled estimates commissioned by the industry.
Are electricity prices rising in Washington?
Residential electricity averaged 14.40¢/kWh from January to July 2026, +13.0% on a year earlier, the 7th fastest increase of 51. Commercial sales, the class that includes data centers, changed +1.5%.
Where are the data centers in Washington?
112 data centers run by 47 operators are identified in Washington. The largest clusters are in King County (45), Grant County (27), Snohomish County (9).
Is planned generation in Washington on schedule?
11 of 14 planned units of 50 MW or more not yet under construction are past the latest date to order a step-up transformer (more than 160 weeks) for their planned in-service date. They hold schedule only if equipment is already on order.
What do electricians earn in Washington?
The median electrician in Washington earned $95,220 in May 2025, 2.46 times the median cashier, and power-line installers earned $133,060 (BLS OEWS).
Does Washington have a data center moratorium?
The SAVRN Moratorium Tracker holds 9 state-level measures (2 enacted) and 21 local moratoria or restrictions in Washington, 20 of them in force, 25th most in the country.
Washington across the SAVRN trackers
Sources for this page
- BEA state GDP via FRED
- BLS LAUS
- BLS OEWS
- BLS QCEW
- BLS State Employment (CES)
- EEI large customer projects
- EIA Electric Power Monthly
- EIA-860M (Aug 2026)
- NCSL
- PwC for the Data Center Coalition
- SAVRN Capital Atlas
- SAVRN Data Center Map
- SAVRN Delay Watchlist
- SAVRN Grid Operator Watchlist
- SAVRN Moratorium Tracker
- U.S. Census Bureau cartographic boundaries (via us-atlas)
Every figure links to its original source through the Sources buttons. Values marked derived are calculated from reported figures.