SAVRN Research · Capital Atlas · Tennessee
Tennessee Data Center Investment Tracker
Tennessee carries 6 named site commitments worth at least $47.7B in disclosed capital, set against 26 projects blocked, delayed or restricted, 1 cancelled or blocked and 21 delayed or under moratorium, as of October 8, 2026.
Tennessee
TN
3 capital providers on record
Named sites
6
Site-level commitments the atlas records in Tennessee
Disclosed capital floor
$47.7B
Sum of sites with a stated dollar figure. Sites without one are listed, not counted
Disclosed capacity
946 MW
Sum of sites with a stated megawatt figure
Blocked, delayed or restricted
26
$11.4B of announced capital in those projects
Who is investing
Who is investing in data centers in Tennessee?
The largest disclosed commitments in Tennessee are xAI (now operating under SpaceX / "SpaceXAI") (Colossus 2, $35.8B); Wright Industrial Group (Wright family) (Project River energy and data center campus, $11.3B); 5C Group (5C MEM01 data center (former Fred's headquarters, 4300 Getwell Road), ≥$575M). Together the 6 named sites here carry a disclosed floor of $47.7B; sites with no dollar figure are listed but not counted.
Named sites
Named data center sites in Tennessee
Each row is one site-level commitment with its capital provider, the figure the source states, and the status the source gives it. Capital is shown as one compact figure; the verbatim wording is in the row's sources.
| Site | Capital provider | Place | Capital | MW | Status | Sources |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Colossus 2 first cluster online around January 2026; Epoch projection for Q1 2027 |
xAI (now operating under SpaceX / "SpaceXAI") | Memphis | $35.8B | 946 | operating | |
Project River energy and data center campus Community meeting 1 September 2026; conditions accepted 15 September 2026; Cleveland planning commission and council votes pending |
Wright Industrial Group (Wright family) | Cleveland, Bradley County | $11.3B | n.a. | announced | |
5C MEM01 data center (former Fred's headquarters, 4300 Getwell Road) Permit filed Monday 5 October 2026; reported 6 to 7 October 2026 |
5C Group with Memphis Light, Gas and Water (utility) |
Memphis, Shelby County | ≥$575M | n.a. | under construction | |
Colossus 1 fully operational in 122 days; property purchase February 2025; 230k GPUs by mid-2026 |
xAI (now operating under SpaceX / "SpaceXAI") with NVIDIA, Tesla |
Memphis | n.a. | n.a. | operating | |
Colossus, Memphis |
xAI (now operating under SpaceX / "SpaceXAI") | Memphis | n.a. | n.a. | operating | |
SpaceXAI Minihard data center (adjacent to Colossus 2, Tulane Road) Announced by Elon Musk on X; reported 30 to 31 July 2026 |
xAI (now operating under SpaceX / "SpaceXAI") with MZX Tech LLC |
Memphis (Whitehaven), Shelby County | n.a. | n.a. | announced |
Capital at risk
Blocked, delayed or restricted in Tennessee
Every project in Tennessee on the atlas's capital-at-risk record: the action taken, who took it, and the announced capital affected. Restarts and reversals are recorded with the same weight as blocks.
| Project | Developer | Jurisdiction | Action | Capital | Sources |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Project River ($11.3 billion campus) paused Pause requested 18 September 2026; city suspended meetings and cancelled 21 September Planning Commission meeting |
Wright family (land owned by Wright Brothers Construction; Wright Industrial Group per its president, Lukas Salyer) | City of Cleveland | On 18 September 2026 the developers asked the City of Cleveland to temporarily delay further action on Project River while they bring in third-party technical experts, after community backlash and while the city's PUD rules were pending. The family had accepted guardrails earlier that week. The same day the city said it was suspending all direct meetings on the project pending the independent engineering review and cancelled the special Planning Commission meeting set for Monday 21 September 2026. Also on 18 September the Southern Environmental Law Center sent a nine-page letter to the mayor, City Council and Planning Commission arguing the roughly 850-acre parcel does not meet the requirements of T.C.A. 6-58-118 for annexation, including contiguity and consent of an easement holder, and objecting to the 500 MW biomass and 1,000 MW natural gas plants. The land is outside Charleston's city limits, so Charleston's separate 12-month moratorium, adopted in response to this proposal, does not apply to it directly. |
$11.3B | |
Bitcoin Mining Data Center denied April 1, 2022 |
Red Dog Technologies | Franklin County | Franklin County Commission denied rezoning for Red Dog Technologies' proposed Bitcoin mining data center near Tullahoma. |
$70M | |
Anderson County (Tennessee) two-year data center moratorium moratorium Approved unanimously 15 June 2026; two years; single outlet |
n.a. | Anderson County Commission | WVLT reported that the Anderson County Commission unanimously approved a two-year moratorium on future data centers at its meeting on Monday 15 June 2026; commissioners said the time would be used to research and write regulations. The station's headline describes the measure as proposed, so the legal form of the action should be read with that caution. |
n.a. | |
Bristol data center moratorium moratorium Enacted January 2025 |
n.a. | Bristol | Bristol, Tennessee, enacted a local data center moratorium or ban, recorded in SAVRN's moratorium tracker as dated January 2025. Two-year moratorium on data processing centers, approved unanimously; effective 24 October 2025. The measure runs to 24 October 2027. |
n.a. | |
Carter County one-year data center and crypto mining moratorium moratorium Approved 20-1 on Monday 17 August 2026; one year |
n.a. | Carter County Commission | The Carter County Commission voted to approve a one-year moratorium on data centers and cryptocurrency mining. WJHL reported the motion by Commissioner Keith Range passed 20-1, with Commissioner Aaron Frazier voting no. |
n.a. | |
Cedar Hill data center moratorium moratorium Enacted January 2026 |
n.a. | Cedar Hill | Cedar Hill, Tennessee, enacted a local data center moratorium or ban, recorded in SAVRN's moratorium tracker as dated January 2026. Two-year moratorium on data centers and cryptocurrency mining; first Robertson County city to act. The measure runs to 1 June 2028. |
n.a. | |
Charleston 12-month data center moratorium moratorium Passed on second reading on a Tuesday evening; reported 12 September 2026; 12 months |
n.a. | Charleston City Commission | The Charleston City Commission unanimously passed a 12-month moratorium on second reading, under which the city will not accept rezoning requests, site plans, building permits or other land use approvals that would attract a data center. The measure responds to a possible data center and power station on property west of Charleston that is being presented to the City of Cleveland for annexation. The proposal it responds to is Project River, recorded separately; it sits outside Charleston's city limits. |
n.a. | |
Clinton data center moratorium moratorium Enacted January 2026 |
n.a. | Clinton | Clinton, Tennessee, enacted a local data center moratorium or ban, recorded in SAVRN's moratorium tracker as dated January 2026. Six-month moratorium on new data centers, approved unanimously; applies within city limits only. The measure runs to 22 December 2026. |
n.a. | |
Colossus 1 other May 2026 |
xAI | Memphis, TN | NAACP lawsuit; entrance blockade |
n.a. | |
Crossville data center moratorium moratorium Enacted August 2026 |
n.a. | Crossville | Crossville, Tennessee, enacted a local data center moratorium or ban, recorded in SAVRN's moratorium tracker as dated August 2026. Two-year moratorium on data centers and high-density computing, passed on third reading; halts new permits for server farms and crypto mining. Mayor chose moratorium over permanent ban to avoid lawsuits. The measure runs to 12 August 2028 and covers new applications. |
n.a. | |
DC Blox Nashville Zoo-area data center litigation Moratorium July 2026; suit 11 August 2026; dismissed with 21 days to amend, reported 7 October 2026 |
DC Blox | Metro Nashville-Davidson County | Metro Nashville adopted a temporary data center moratorium and new regulations in July 2026, and DC Blox's permits were put on hold. On 5 August 2026 Metro Council authorized the city to negotiate for or potentially acquire the property through eminent domain. DC Blox filed a federal lawsuit on 11 August 2026 alleging the moratorium is a targeted attack that violates due process, equal protection and takings protections, and seeks to block enforcement plus damages. U.S. District Judge Eli Richardson dismissed DC BLOX's federal lawsuit against Metro Nashville over the data center permit moratorium (in effect until 1 December 2026), and with it the request for an injunction, in a ruling reported 7 October 2026. The court gave DC BLOX 21 days to amend three claims, saying the company had not clearly pleaded protected property interests. DC BLOX paid $23 million for the zoo-area property in late July 2026, and Metro has advanced eminent domain legislation for the site. |
n.a. | |
Grundy County data center moratorium moratorium Enacted January 2026 |
n.a. | Grundy County | Grundy County, Tennessee, enacted a local data center moratorium or ban, recorded in SAVRN's moratorium tracker as dated January 2026. Two-year moratorium on data centers, crypto mining, and high-impact data processing in unincorporated areas; approved unanimously by county commission. The measure runs to 18 May 2028. |
n.a. | |
Hamblen County data center moratorium moratorium Enacted January 2026 |
n.a. | Hamblen County | Hamblen County, Tennessee, enacted a local data center moratorium or ban, recorded in SAVRN's moratorium tracker as dated January 2026. One-year moratorium on data centers, crypto mining, and high-performance computing with 5+ MW peak demand; exempts First Civil District industrial zone. The measure runs to 7 July 2027. |
n.a. | |
Hamilton County one-year rural data center moratorium moratorium Approved 15 July 2026; one year |
n.a. | Hamilton County | Hamilton County commissioners approved a one-year moratorium on new data centers in rural areas on 15 July 2026. Existing projects are exempt. Mayor Weston Wamp said the pause will allow zoning changes that would stand up to legal challenge. |
n.a. | |
Hawkins County data center and crypto mining ban resolution litigation First ban September 2025; second ban July 2026; federal suit March 2026; supplemental complaint 11 September 2026; trial January 2028 |
ExoticRidge Crypto Company LLC (plaintiff) | Hawkins County Commission and federal court | The Hawkins County Commission passed a resolution banning data centers and cryptocurrency mines by 12 votes, with two commissioners absent, after earlier similar measures. The county's ban is the subject of a federal lawsuit filed by the Beacon Center of Tennessee on behalf of ExoticRidge Crypto Company LLC, which claims the ban is unconstitutional, arbitrary and enacted in violation of state law. A ruling for the company would invalidate the new resolution. ExoticRidge Crypto Company filed a supplemental complaint on 11 September 2026 alleging the county's 2023 'constitutional sanctuary' resolution conflicts with the bans, that it should be grandfathered under state law, and that the county violated the County Zoning Act and Open Meetings Act. The case is set for a jury trial in January 2028. |
n.a. | |
Hixson Data Center (Nvidia GB200) moratorium Jun 3 2026 |
Hixson | McMinnville, TN | 18-month moratorium requiring impact studies |
n.a. | |
Knox County one-year data center moratorium moratorium Adopted June 2026 (reported 22 June 2026); through 30 June 2027 |
n.a. | Knox County | The Knox County Commission voted 10-0, with one commissioner recused, to adopt a one-year moratorium on data centers through 30 June 2027. The resolution allows the county to extend or end the pause early if regulations are adopted. WATE reported the Knoxville-Knox County Planning Commission also approved the one-year moratorium on Thursday 13 August 2026, sending zoning recommendations back to the county commission. |
n.a. | |
Loudon County data center moratorium moratorium Enacted January 2026 |
n.a. | Loudon County | Loudon County, Tennessee, enacted a local data center moratorium or ban, recorded in SAVRN's moratorium tracker as dated January 2026. Six-month moratorium on new data centers with 50+ MW peak demand; covers permits, zoning, building approvals, utility extensions, and development agreements. The measure runs to 30 December 2026. |
n.a. | |
Maury County data center moratorium moratorium Enacted January 2026 |
n.a. | Maury County | Maury County, Tennessee, enacted a local data center moratorium or ban, recorded in SAVRN's moratorium tracker as dated January 2026. 12-month moratorium on data centers in unincorporated areas; 24-month amendment rejected on county attorney advice. Hard end date 19 July 2027. The measure runs to 19 July 2027. |
n.a. | |
Moore County (Metropolitan Lynchburg-Moore County) two-year data center pause moratorium Approved April 2026 (day not stated); two years; single outlet (Moore County Observer) |
n.a. | Metropolitan Lynchburg-Moore County Council | The Metro Council approved a two-year pause on data centers in April 2026 to give Moore County time to decide where such projects should be allowed and what rules should apply. Planning commissioners have discussed keeping large data centers away from schools and Lynchburg's tourism core while considering areas such as the industrial park. |
n.a. | |
Morgan County data center moratorium moratorium Enacted January 2026 |
n.a. | Morgan County | Morgan County, Tennessee, enacted a local data center moratorium or ban, recorded in SAVRN's moratorium tracker as dated January 2026. Two-year moratorium on data centers capable of 10+ MW peak demand; county commission proactive measure, no proposals pending. The measure runs to 12 June 2028. |
n.a. | |
Project MidSpan (Hiwassee River Industrial Park) litigation Suit filed 17 September 2026; disclosed 21 September 2026 |
SDCL Tennessee Propco LLC | Bradley County Chancery Court | SDCL Tennessee Propco LLC filed suit against Bradley County in Chancery Court on 17 September 2026, and County Mayor Gary Davis disclosed the project and the suit to the County Commission on Monday 21 September 2026. The company asks the court to declare invalid the data center rules commissioners adopted 14-0 on 20 April 2026, which allow data centers only in the I-2 district and require a 3,000-foot setback from homes, schools and churches, and to bar their enforcement against its site. It alleges the adopted version differed materially from the one reviewed by the Regional Planning Commission, lacked proper notice, violated the Open Meetings Act, and violates equal protection and due process. Davis said the county will defend the rules. |
n.a. | |
Shelbyville data center moratorium moratorium Enacted January 2026 |
n.a. | Shelbyville | Shelbyville, Tennessee, enacted a local data center moratorium or ban, recorded in SAVRN's moratorium tracker as dated January 2026. Moratorium on data centers and cryptocurrency mining plants; duration not specified in available sources. The measure has a stated duration whose end date is not recorded. |
n.a. | |
Smithville 18-month data center and cryptocurrency mining moratorium (Ordinance 543) moratorium Adopted 3 August 2026; 18 months |
n.a. | City of Smithville | The Smithville Board of Aldermen adopted Ordinance 543 on second and final reading on 3 August 2026. It imposes a moratorium on data centers and cryptocurrency mining for 18 months or until permanent zoning amendments are adopted. |
n.a. | |
Warren County (Tennessee) 12-month data center moratorium moratorium Passed June 2026 (reported 23 June 2026); 12 months; single outlet |
n.a. | Warren County Commission | The Warren County Commission passed a 12-month moratorium on data centers on the recommendation of its Economic and Agriculture Committee, reported 23 June 2026. The county executive said the county will seek a private act from the legislature in January to set permanent controls and that the measure does not affect the data center proposed within McMinnville. |
n.a. | |
White County data center moratorium moratorium Enacted January 2026 |
n.a. | White County | White County, Tennessee, enacted a local data center moratorium or ban, recorded in SAVRN's moratorium tracker as dated January 2026. Ban on data centers and data mining facilities; did not go through formal zoning process; enforcement challenged by 4.9 MW crypto proposal. The measure has no end date by design and applies at a threshold of 4.9 MW. |
n.a. |
Financing
Financing transactions tied to Tennessee sites
Transactions the atlas ties to a named site in Tennessee: joint ventures, project bonds, credit facilities, leases and power agreements. Amounts are as stated; overlapping commitments are never summed.
| Parties | Instrument | Amount | Date | Site | Sources |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
xAI + Valor Equity Partners xAI worked with a financier to secure $12 billion in debt to fund its Colossus 2 data center and its GPU compute, working with Valor Equity Partners. |
debt facility | $12.0B | July 2025 | Colossus 2 | |
xAI affiliate An xAI affiliate purchased a large warehouse and adjacent parcels at 5420 Tulane Road in Whitehaven, Memphis for roughly $80 million. |
acquisition | ~$80M | February 2025 | Colossus 1 | |
Tennessee Valley Authority + MZX Tech LLC (SpaceXAI) + Memphis Light, Gas and Water The TVA board approved a service agreement for a load of more than 100 MW for MZX Tech LLC, the SpaceXAI affiliate that owns the Colossus 2 site on Tulane Road in Memphis and the Stanton Road power plant in Southaven. MZX Tech becomes a direct TVA customer under a new data center rate that the board also passed, a 10% increase for data centers above 5 MW, and SpaceXAI will build the needed transmission lines and transformers. At the meeting a SpaceXAI executive said the company had invested over $60 billion in its data center expansion |
power supply agreement | n.a. | Approved by the TVA Board of Directors 20 August 2026 | Colossus 2 | |
xAI + Doosan Enerbility xAI confirmed it bought five 380 MW natural gas turbines from South Korea's Doosan Enerbility to power its Colossus AI supercomputing expansion around Memphis. Doosan had reported a contract for two 380 MW turbines with an unnamed major US technology company in October 2025 and an order for three more in December 2025. |
equipment order | n.a. | Purchase confirmed by Elon Musk in early January 2026 (Tech Times, 7 January 2026, single outlet); Doosan announced orders for two units in October 2025 and three more in December 2025 without naming the buyer | Colossus 2 |
Policy context
What governs a data center in Tennessee
The policy layer for Tennessee lives in three companion references: the Tennessee Data Center Moratorium Tracker for every state measure and local moratorium on record, the Water Tracker for the water rules that touch a site, and the Grid Operator Watchlist for the large-load rules of the RTO or utility that decides whether it can energize.
Next door
States next door
Virginia
33 sites · $213B disclosed
50 blocked, delayed or restricted
Georgia
23 sites · $73.0B disclosed
57 blocked, delayed or restricted
North Carolina
10 sites · $42.4B disclosed
45 blocked, delayed or restricted
Missouri
10 sites · $27.2B disclosed
25 blocked, delayed or restricted
Kentucky
6 sites · $110B disclosed
26 blocked, delayed or restricted
Alabama
9 sites · $18.3B disclosed
21 blocked, delayed or restricted
Mississippi
7 sites · $74.8B disclosed
5 blocked, delayed or restricted
Arkansas
2 sites · $10.6B disclosed
8 blocked, delayed or restricted
On the map
Data centers in Tennessee
The US Data Center Map identifies 75 facilities run by 31 operators in Tennessee, each one placed from primary sources and listed by city and by operator, with this atlas record beside it.
Tennessee data centers
75 facilities · 31 operators
Map, locations, operators, rules
Tennessee power and local economy
Generation, utilities and county records
Explore the power supply chain and local conditions behind the build-out
US Data Center Map
Every state, one page each
The national map and the operator directory
Sources
Sources for Tennessee
Every source cited on this page, once each. The full atlas source register is at Capital Atlas sources.
- en.wikipedia.orgWikipedia: Colossus
- epoch.aiEpoch AI
- datacenterdynamics.comDCD
- fox13memphis.comFOX13 Memphis
- aol.comMemphis Commercial Appeal via AOL
- timesfreepress.comChattanooga Times Free Press
- wutc.orgWUTC
- timesfreepress.comChattanooga Times Free Press
- localmemphis.comWATN Local Memphis (ABC24)
- dailymemphian.comThe Daily Memphian
- x.aixAI
- giantswire.usatoday.comCommercial Appeal (USA Today network)
- aol.comAction News 5 via AOL
- newslinelocal.comThe Center Square via Newsline Local
- newschannel9.comWTVC NewsChannel 9
- clevelandbanner.comCleveland Daily Banner
- clevelandbanner.comCleveland Daily Banner
- newschannel9.comWTVC NewsChannel 9
- datacenterdynamics.comdatacenterdynamics.com
- wvlt.tvWVLT
- supertalk929.comsupertalk929.com
- wcyb.comWCYB
- yahoo.comWJHL via Yahoo News
- mainstreetmediatn.commainstreetmediatn.com
- mycouriernews.commycouriernews.com
- floridadatacenters.orgFlorida Data Centers
- 1025wowcountry.com1025wowcountry.com
- nashvillebanner.comNashville Banner
- wsmv.comWSMV
- nashvillescene.comNashville Scene (Nashville Post)
- sewaneemessenger.comsewaneemessenger.com
- hamblencountytn.govhamblencountytn.gov
- newschannel9.comNewsChannel 9
- timesfreepress.comChattanooga Times Free Press
- yahoo.comWJHL via Yahoo News
- wate.comWATE (WJHL)
- interconnectedcapital.comInterconnected Capital
- wvlt.tvWVLT
- aol.comWATE via AOL
- wvlt.tvwvlt.tv
- frontporchradiotn.comfrontporchradiotn.com
- mcobserver.newsMoore County Observer
- themountainpress.comthemountainpress.com
- newschannel9.comWTVC NewsChannel 9
- newschannel9.comWTVC NewsChannel 9
- timesfreepress.comChattanooga Times Free Press
- wsmv.comwsmv.com
- wjle.comWJLE
- herald-citizen.comHerald-Citizen
- theucnow.comThe UC Now
- wsmv.comwsmv.com
- timesfreepress.comChattanooga Times Free Press
- techtimes.comTech Times, 7 January 2026
Every state, one page each
Alabama 9 / 21Alaska 1 / 1Arizona 11 / 11Arkansas 2 / 8California 10 / 35Colorado 6 / 21Connecticut 0 / 6Delaware 0 / 5Florida 0 / 46Georgia 23 / 57Hawaii 0 / 0Idaho 2 / 2Illinois 10 / 35Indiana 14 / 44Iowa 3 / 22Kansas 5 / 19Kentucky 6 / 26Louisiana 7 / 3Maine 0 / 20Maryland 1 / 22Massachusetts 0 / 11Michigan 4 / 55Minnesota 3 / 31Mississippi 7 / 5Missouri 10 / 25Montana 1 / 10Nebraska 3 / 16Nevada 8 / 12New Hampshire 0 / 5New Jersey 4 / 61New Mexico 3 / 10New York 6 / 21North Carolina 10 / 45North Dakota 6 / 4Ohio 24 / 80Oklahoma 11 / 20Oregon 1 / 8Pennsylvania 16 / 42Rhode Island 0 / 5South Carolina 6 / 20South Dakota 1 / 6Tennessee 6 / 26Texas 106 / 35Utah 11 / 12Vermont 0 / 3Virginia 33 / 50Washington 9 / 22Washington, DC 0 / 0West Virginia 4 / 3Wisconsin 4 / 45Wyoming 11 / 5
Figures beside each state are named sites and blocked, delayed or restricted projects.
Part of the North American Data Center Capital Atlas, refreshed every Tuesday, Thursday and Saturday. Announced commitments overlap one another and overlap reported capital expenditure, so this page shows disclosed floors and never adds them into a single deployment figure. Informational, not investment or legal advice.
The SAVRN reference set
Seven references, one system
Capital, delay, policy, water, grid, permits and scarcity are one system seen from seven sides. Each reference is primary-sourced, refreshed on a schedule, and links into the others, so a project can be followed from the money committed to the docket that stopped it.
Delay Watchlist
Project-level slippage: named projects, jurisdictional actions, utility and federal dockets, SEC disclosures, and the interconnection queue.
Open the watchlist →
Moratorium Tracker
The policy layer: every state measure and local moratorium mapped and cited, with one page per state.
Open the tracker →
Water Tracker
Every federal, state, local and interstate water measure that touches a data center, plus a fifty-state water ledger.
Open the water tracker →
Grid Operator Watchlist
ERCOT, PJM, MISO, CAISO, SPP, NYISO, ISO-NE and FERC: the large-load rules, filings and queue positions that decide whether a site can energize.
Open the watchlist →
Permits and Power Development
Data center and substation permits, large loads in the interconnection queues, and the power plants planned to serve them, refreshed hourly from public records.
Open the permits tracker →
SAVRN Scarcity Tracker
Eleven primary-sourced indicators of AI infrastructure scarcity, one composite index, read against the token index, SAVRN's own cost basis and the frontier ceiling.
Open the scarcity tracker →
Have a specific address? Site Intelligence reads all seven references against one location, county, utility and grid operator included, and cites every finding.
Check an address →